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MTD TRAINING

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE
& MOTIVATION

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com
ISBN 978-87-7681-665-0

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1 
Personal Confidence and Motivation in the Business World

8

1
...
3

Personal Motivation

9

1
...
5

Defining Motivation

10

1
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1

Introduction

11

2
...
3

Self-Esteem

12

2
...
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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Contents

3 
Theories Regarding Motivation

19

3
...
2

Herzberg’s Motivational Theory

19

3
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4

McCleland’s Need-Based Model

23

3
...
1

Introduction

30

4
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3

Building Self-Esteem at Work

35

4
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1

Reasons We Lose Motivation

41

5
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1

Introduction

48

6
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3

The Process of Change

49

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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Preface

PREFACE
Do you have the self belief and confidence to make a difference? Do you “just know” that
you’ll succeed no matter what?
Do you know what motivates and gets you going? And do you know how to tap into the
motivations of other people?
In this textbook you’ll find the answers to all of these questions and much more besides!
You’ll understand how to build your own confidence levels and how to generate confidence
in an instant
...


Sean McPheat, the Founder and Managing Director of management development specialists,
MTD Training is the author of this publication
...
He’s been featured
in over 250 different publications as a thought leader within the management development
and training industry
...

MTD specialise in providing:
•
•
•
•

In-house, tailor made management training courses (1–5 days duration)
Open courses (Delivered throughout the UK at various locations)
Management & leadership development programmes (From 5 days to 2 years)
Corporate and executive coaching (With senior or middle managers)

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Contact MTD:
Online:
Web:
Email:

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...
co
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7

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Introduction

1 INTRODUCTION
1
...

Why do people do what they do and how can we motivate others to do what we need
them to do in the business place? If we understand how and why people are motivated, we
can encourage them to be their best and do their best at work
...

But you can also work on your own confidence and motivation in the workplace in order
to achieve your goals and intentions
...
2 PERSONAL CONFIDENCE
We all know people who are confident
...
They get into action to respond to a problem before giving themselves
time to dwell or worry too much
...
Make a presentation to the board? No problem – the confident
person plans and executes the presentation without allowing fear to stop them
...
com
8

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

•
•
•
•

Introduction

Aren’t afraid to acknowledge when they don’t know something
Make good team leaders or mentors
Can relate to customers or company members at any level of the organization
Are honest about their shortcomings

1
...
We want to know that we have
achieved something important, of value, of quality, or of meaning
...
Then the more
self-confident we become, the more we are able to achieve
...
If we fall short of achieving something, we may experience a dip in our
self-confidence levels, which in turn may impact our motivation to try again
...


1
...
The arrogant person is usually
actually an insecure person and their arrogance is a way to hide their insecurities
...
Where an arrogant person will have trouble admitting
they were wrong, a confident person is perfectly willing to admit when they are wrong –
they know that the admission doesn’t diminish their value or their abilities
...


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5 DEFINING MOTIVATION
A simple definition for motivation is that it is a description of a person’s motive to action
...
But if you have drive towards a
goal, objective, or target, we talk about you having positive motivation
...


1
...
We’ll examine theories about self-confidence and
motivation before looking at ways to improve both
...


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...
1 INTRODUCTION
We all know someone who radiates self-confidence
...
What is it that their self-confidence helps them to achieve?
Are they more willing to take on responsibility, at ease around their superiors, and able to
admit when they have made a mistake?
In this chapter we’ll examine the differences between self-confidence, self-esteem, and
self-efficacy, as well as why each one is important in the work-place

Now think about someone at the workplace who does not have a lot of self-confidence
...
They might appear unhappy
in the workplace, or at least not very excited about what it is that they are doing
...
In this chapter we will look at the differences between self-confidence,
self-esteem, and self-efficacy, and theories about why each is important in the workplace
...
2 SELF-CONFIDENCE
Self-confidence can be boiled down to the belief that a person has it in their ability to
succeed at a task, based on whether or not they have been able to perform the task in the
past
...
The first is competence,
whether or not you have the necessary skills and abilities to complete a task
...

There are two aspects of self-confidence: competence, or whether or not you possess the
needed skills to achieve something, and self-assurance, or whether or not you believe
that you have the ability to achieve it
...
com
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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Personal Confidence

Think about this for a moment; you might have been trained in interview skills, but you
might not feel comfortable in interviews
...
On the other hand, you could believe that you have the ability to
do something but not have the skills to actually carry it through
...
True self-confidence occurs
when both competence and self-assurance are in balance with each other
...
Someone with self-confidence has
a belief that they will be able to recover, move past the negative, and again experience the
positive
...
It enables
an employee to recover from setbacks and challenges and continue to move forward
...
3 SELF-ESTEEM
Self-esteem is the capacity to respect and think well of yourself
...
David
Burns defines self-esteem as “the capacity to experience maximal self-love and joy whether
or not you are successful at any point in your life
...
People who have a
high level of self-esteem will be able to respond to a damaging event by using their past
experience and their coping abilities and will not have much damage to their current level
of self-esteem
...

Self-esteem can be defined as “the capacity to experience maximal self-love and joy
whether or not you are successful at any point in your life
...
In other words, they will see their
failure as further proof that they are incapable of being successful
...


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4 SELF-EFFICACY
Albert Bandura is considered an expert on the concept of self-efficacy
...
It is concerned
not with the skills one has but with the judgments of what one can do with whatever skills
one possesses
...

Self-efficacy is related to our judgments about our own capabilities and what we believe
we are or are not able to do with those capabilities
...
In addition, he stated
that the more a person is tested by facing their fears and stepping outside of their comfort
zones, the more they will enhance their sense of self-efficacy
...
The
greater your self-efficacy, the more willing you will be to grow your skills by attempting
new challenges – and the less you will be affected if you don’t succeed
...
4
...
These are:
•
•
•
•

Mastery experiences
Social models
Social persuasion
Emotional states

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...
As each success is achieved, the sense of self-efficacy is
reinforced
...
If people only experience
easy successes, they will begin to feel that success is what they should experience
every time they make an attempt at something new
...
Still,
upsets should not come, if it can be avoided, until a person has had a chance to
establish a certain level of self-efficacy
...


• Social models – these are examples of others who we see succeed
...
At the same time, seeing people like ourselves fail despite
a level of sustained effort can have a negative impact on our own self-efficacy
...
These models tell us the types and level of competencies
to which we should aspire if we want to be successful in the workplace – and in
life in general
...


• Social persuasion – the old pep talk
...

While social persuasion can enhance self-efficacy, it can even more easily diminish it
...
This factor points to the importance of leaders in an organization to
frequently persuade people that they are capable and competent
...


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...


PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Personal Confidence

However, it’s important not to persuade someone that they are capable of something when
they truly are not
...
If you are a manager, you will need
to strike a balance between challenging your employees in order to stimulate their selfconfidence and being careful not to set them up in situations where they are sure to fail
...
If they react with stress and tension, they may interpret those reactions as
signs that they are weak or vulnerable
...
A work environment
that allows opportunities for stress reduction, teaches stress management, and
acknowledges stress as a normal part of life rather than a personal weakness will
help to foster positive self-efficacy in its employees
...


We will judge ourselves based on our emotional reaction to a situation – we may see
ourselves as vulnerable or weak if we are too emotional or stressed
...


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Dis

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Personal Confidence

2
...
2 HOW SELF-EFFICACY AFFECTS FUNCTIONING

There are four major psychological processes that are important when discussing the fact that
how a person perceives their self-efficacy can have an impact on their ability to function,
perform, and achieve
...

• Cognitive processes – we begin to analyze our ability to perform tasks or reach
goals during the cognitive process of thought
...
We draw conclusions,
make assumptions, and predict what we think will occur
...
If you have higher self-efficacy, you will also be able to manage
your analytical thinking processes better under stress than someone who doesn’t
...
We then
compare the reality of what happens to how well we predicted it
...
We use forethought as a way to regulate our
motivation by imagining what we believe we can achieve
...
There are actually three different subsets of motivational processes that
come under this theory:
-- Causal attributions – in these instances, those with high self-efficacy understand
that their failures are a result of low effort, while those with low self-efficacy
will see their failures as the result of a lack of ability
...


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...
We predict what
we will get if we give a certain level of input, assistance, effort, etc
...
If
we have low self-efficacy, we either cannot understand what input we need
to give or we simply don’t think we are capable of giving it
...
We will be satisfied if we achieve our
goals, and less satisfied if we do not
...
If
we see the goal as simply a function of the right activity combination, we
will set it high when we have high self-efficacy because we will believe we
can attain the goal
...

• Affective processes – this element relates to how we perceive our own coping abilities
...
If we have a high level of
self-efficacy related to our ability to cope, we will be in action around resolving the
situation or getting through the difficult scenario rather than getting mired down
and stressing over negative outcomes that are either out of our control or are very
unlikely to happen
...
Those without it will experience
a great deal of fear and anxiety and may not be capable of coping with difficulties
...
If we believe we have
good coping skills, we will actually cope with difficult situations better than if we lack
self-efficacy in this area
...
com
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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Personal Confidence

• Selection processes – finally, self-efficacy affects us by influencing the decisions
that we make for ourselves in our lives
...
If you are in an environment that you
are unhappy with, one question to ask yourself is whether or not you chose that
position because you didn’t believe in yourself enough to push yourself further in
your education or the risks you took at work to prove yourself
...

You want employees with a high level of self-efficacy because it is more likely that they will
have actively chosen their current profession and so will be more enthusiastic about it
...


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...
1 INTRODUCTION
Since motivation has been so thoroughly studied, there are numerous theories about what
motivates us
...


3
...
His idea was that if people were satisfied at work,
they would be motivated to work, and the opposite would be true if they were dissatisfied
at work
...

His theory is also called the motivation-hygiene theory because he considered the factors
that satisfied employees to be motivators and those factors that were dissatisfying to be
hygiene factors
...
Examples might be
the loss of a regularly expected pay raise or some decrease in how you perceive your work
environment (turning off the air conditioner or no longer allowing personal space heaters)
...
These are listed in order from highest importance
to lowest importance in Figure 1 below
...
com
19

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Motivation

Herzberg argued that because the list of factors for dissatisfaction and satisfaction are not
exact opposites of each other, we cannot assume that simply improving a dissatisfying factor
would result in satisfaction – it would simply result in the absence of dissatisfaction
...
So what does this mean for actions
we can take?
Because the list of factors for dissatisfaction and satisfaction are not opposites, we cannot
assume that improving a factor of dissatisfaction will lead to satisfaction; it would simply
lead to the absence of dissatisfaction
...
The factors that tend to bring us the most satisfaction at work, and so we
assume, the most motivation, are the ones that we have some control over – and that are
most related to our own job performance
...
If we do something we enjoy, that alone can
provide satisfaction
...
We can volunteer for additional responsibility, look for
ways to grow our skills, and discover what would be necessary in terms of our performance
to take advantage of opportunities for advancement
...

The factors that tend to bring us the most satisfaction at work, and so we assume, the most
motivation, are the ones that we have some control over – and that are most related to our
own job performance
...
If you focus on motivation
by putting in place factors on the left-hand side, you might relieve dissatisfaction, but
you won’t necessarily create satisfaction and motivation
...
This is important to realize – that you
have a better chance of achieving motivation when you focus on the individual, not on the
traditional ‘carrots’ (salary, benefits, prestige, etc
...


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...
) that we tend
to think of as motivating us
...
3 VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY
Another theory of motivation was posed by Victor Vroom
...
He saw
effort as being the result of motivation, which led to performance and then the resulting
outcomes of that performance
...
He proposed three variables that created the link:
• Expectancy
• Instrumentality
• Valence
Victor Vroom proposed that motivation is directly linked to the expected outcome of
any effort that is expended
...


Figure 2 gives a visual description of this theory, which we will examine further below
...
com
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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Motivation

Expectancy means that you believe that the effort you put in can affect the performance
that you deliver
...
This factor is affected by:
• Having the resources you need to do the job (time, money, hardware or software)
• Having the skills and knowledge to do the job
• Having the support you need to get the job done (manager support, approval,
information)
Instrumentality refers to the belief that your performance will affect the outcome
...
But
even more, it is the belief that you will be rewarded for the hard work
...
This belief can be affected by:
• Having a clear understanding of what has to be achieved in order to receive a
reward – what the ‘rules’ are for you to get rewarded for your effort
• Trusting the people who will decide whether or not you (or others) receive a reward
for a corresponding level of outcome
• Transparency in the process that results in who gets what outcome and corresponding reward
Valence is the importance that a person places on the reward or expected outcome
...
On the other hand, if money is of utmost importance to me at
the moment, I will place a much higher value on that overtime
...

For example, if I sold 100 widgets and you sold 50 widgets but we both got the same
bonus, I will probably reduce my effort the next time around – in other words, I will be
less motivated because I will perceive that there was some inequity in the reward structure
...
com
22

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Motivation

Under this theory, organizations will have a challenge in motivating every individual because
motivation is based on an individual’s perceptions of expectancy, instrumentality, valence,
and equity in the existing system
...
We can create our own
rewards for our performance and for achieving our personal goals
...


3
...
These needs affect
how we can be motivated as well as how we try to motivate other people
...
Here is a brief explanation of each type of need:
N-ach: Need for achievement:
•
•
•
•
•

Seek achievement
Strive to attain goals
Want advancement
Need feedback
Need a sense of accomplishment

N-affil: Need for affiliation:
• Need for interaction with others
• Need for friendship
• Want and need to be liked

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There were no instructions given as to where the people had
to stand, so people threw the rings from different distances
...
They chose a distance that was
realistic but not too easy
...


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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Theories Regarding Motivation

What McCleland realized about those with a high level of need to achieve is that they set
goals at a level where they feel they can influence the outcome and yet where there is still
the need to stretch in order to achieve the goal
...
They believe they have influence
and the ability to make a difference
...
Many people are motivated
by affiliation or power instead
...
In fact, you are learning some of the ways to become more
motivated by realistic goal-setting in this ebook
...
5 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF
3
...

of Needs
...
He posited that people have five levels of needs that
Motivation
...
The more basic the
they seek to motivated a more will be to need, So more motivated of Needs, will be to fulfill
need, the more meet
...
the using his Hierarchy a person you can begin to
it
...
Figure motivation
assess how strong the motivation factor will be forcan begin people or anhow strong the 3 shows
Maslow’s hierarchy
...
Figure 3 shows Maslow’s hierarchy
...
Failure to meet these
needs could result in physical harm in the case of the physiological level
...
com
give physical signs of the deficiency, but the person will be upset, disconnected, anxious, or tense
...
Failure
to meet these needs could result in physical harm in the case of the physiological level
...

Maslow proposed five levels of human needs
...


3
...
1 LEVEL ONE – PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

The bottom, or most important needs, are the physiological needs
...
These are the things that we will be most motivated to
pursue should we experience a lack of them
...
5
...
These are the things people want in order to create a certain level of
predictability and order in the world
...
Other examples related to our professional lives include:
•
•
•
•
•

Job security
Protection from unilateral authority
Financial savings
Insurance policies
Reasonable accommodations for the disabled

Safety needs are the second level of human need
...


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...
5
...

These needs will be pursued once the lower needs are met
...
These relationships
are emotionally-based and fulfill the need to be loved by, cared, for, and accepted by others
...


If these needs are not met, individuals become more at risk for depression, social awkwardness
or anxiety, or loneliness
...

People may fulfill this level of need through different relationships, such as:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Family
Friends
Intimate Relationships
Clubs or Social Organizations
Sports Teams
Office Culture
Religious Groups
Professional Organizations

3
...
4 LEVEL FOUR – EGO-STATUS

The ego-status needs are related to the belonging needs, but with one major difference
...
We each have a self-image which is
at least in part developed by how we believe we appear to others
...
We also
believe that others see us that way
...
People will strive to fill this need
by such means as:
• Status and achievement at work
• The accumulation of wealth
• The accumulation of ‘status symbols’ (cars, homes, etc
...
com
27

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

•
•
•
•
•

Theories Regarding Motivation

Recognition from others
Taking opportunities to lead others
Associations with people who have the esteem of others
Personal achievement in areas such as education, skills, and hobbies
Pride in the achievements of their family members

The ego-status level of needs related to how we believe others see us and how
we see ourselves
...
The more self-esteem is based on external things and
associations, the more fragile that esteem is
...
This status could
be conferred on us literally with a title, such as Director, Manager, Administrator, Chair,
Treasurer, or Secretary
...
Or it could be that you simply have
a certain level of popularity, success, or other achievement that gives you a strong sense of
self-esteem and accomplishment
...

Those with the healthiest self-esteem are those whose esteem is based on their own
accomplishments and internal feelings
...


3
...
5 LEVEL FIVE – SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Maslow described this level of human need as the desire to become more and more oneself, and
to become more and more of what we are capable of becoming
...
The exact need is very individual
...
Another individual
might have the need to become athletically gifted, or another to become artistically expressive
...


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...
One must be physically nourished, not have to focus on safety, feel loved and a
sense of belonging, and have a good level of self-esteem before he or she would seek this
level of desire
...
Wayne Dyer
...
To cease caring about the good opinion of others
2
...

The more we are self-actualized, the more we will find that we are motivated by the things
in life that make us happy rather than those that we do simply because it is our job or our
role
...
If you no longer care about what other people
think (generally) and you are doing things that you love, you are affirming your individuality
and accepting yourself – faults and all
...
com
29

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Methods for Improving Self-Confidence

4 
METHODS FOR IMPROVING
SELF-CONFIDENCE
4
...
We’ll start this chapter by
looking at some tools you can put into practice whenever you need a quick confidence
boost
...
By enhancing these attributes, your self-confidence will naturally develop
and will show itself in your actions and behaviors
...


4
...
Maybe
you are going to give a major presentation or you want to ask your boss for a raise
...

4
...
1 DRESS UP

When you need to feel more confident, pay attention to how you are dressed
...

You will find it easier to interact with others and you won’t be distracted by worrying about
how you look
...
’ Get a modern haircut,
make sure your clothes fit you properly and in a flattering manner, invest in a few great
accessories, and make sure you are pressed and polished
...


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...
2
...

What does their walk communicate about them? Are they walking slowly, trudging along,
with their head down? Or do they walk quickly, head up, with a pleasant smile on their
face? You can feel more confident by walking with purpose wherever you go
...
You will start to feel more important
and more confident
...
What does their walk communicate
about them?

4
...
3 WATCH YOUR POSTURE

Just like with the discussion on walking above, the way you carry your body tells others a
lot about how you feel about yourself
...
Instead, practice good posture
...
Make eye contact with others in a friendly manner
...

Practice good posture to feel more alert, more confident, and more powerful
...
2
...
You made a mistake on that big presentation, your
boss is not happy, and you feel like crawling under a rock until the weekend makes it around
...
This is where you could really use
someone to boost you up with a motivational speech
...

A personal advertisement is a one minute or less speech that you write about yourself and all
your strengths and abilities so you can refer to it whenever you need a confidence boost
...
com
31

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Methods for Improving Self-Confidence

You should have a personal advertisement or commercial that you write about yourself
...
You are writing an advertisement about yourself – so focus on your strengths, why
you’re good at your job, and what you like about yourself
...
This will help you remember that although you have made a mistake, you
are still a great, valuable person with a lot to be proud of
...
2
...
If you focus on what you haven’t achieved yet, you are bound to start listing
your weaknesses as reasons for why you haven’t yet achieved those goals
...
Every day, write down a list of at least five things
that you are proud of accomplishing, or things that you can be grateful for in your life
...
You could even
keep a list with you in case you ever face a moment where it’s really difficult to focus on
the positive
...

Write down at least five things every day that you are grateful for and you will be training
yourself to stay focused on the positive in your life and about yourself
...
2
...

When we feel bad about ourselves, we often look for ways to project those feelings onto
others by gossiping and insulting them behind their back
...
Everyone has something valuable about them, so focus on that instead
...
The more you practice
paying sincere compliments to others instead of focusing on their negative attributes you’ll
be more likely to focus on your own positive attributes as well
...


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...


4
...
7 SIT UP FRONT

Avoiding the front row is a very common thing
...
So we sat towards the back, hoping not to be noticed
...
Instead, sit up at the
front of the room
...
Plus, it doesn’t hurt to put yourself in the eyesight
of some important people in your organization
...


4
...
8 SPEAK UP

Many people are nervous about speaking up in group discussions
...
However, we are usually amplifying this fear in our own minds – most of
the time, people are much more accepting that we think they are
...

We usually amplify the fear of speaking in front of others in our own mind – particularly
because most other people are likely dealing with the same fear
...
Decide that you will speak up at least one time in every group
discussion that you’re in
...
You’ll be improving your
public speaking skills and will feel more and more confident in sharing your opinions and
ideas in front of other people
...


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...
2
...
Or a walk, or a bike ride, or go work out in the
gym
...
You’ll feel proud as you
reach each milestone you set for yourself
...

Exercise not only relieves stress, but achieving your physical fitness goals is an excellent
way to feel better about your abilities
...
2
...
When you shift your focus
to what you give instead of what you get or how you are perceived, you will stop worrying
so much about yourself
...
For all of these reasons, focusing on what you contribute
will help to boost your self-confidence
...
com
34

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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Methods for Improving Self-Confidence

When you shift your focus to what you give instead of what you get or how you are
perceived, you will stop worrying so much about yourself
...
3 BUILDING SELF-ESTEEM AT WORK
Self-esteem is an excellent barrier to depression and other negative emotions
...
However, research has shown that the more roles
people fill in their lives, the more self-esteem they have
...

Our work role is an excellent opportunity for building self-esteem, yet the modern
workplace also provides challenges to maintaining our self-esteem
...
There are several
reasons for this, which can vary from workplace to workplace
...


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...
3
...
Take a few moments to read a favorite book, research your next
travel holiday, or touch base with a friend you haven’t talked to in quite awhile
...

Take a few moments out of every day to dedicate to something you are passionate
about – both at work and at home
...
Even if you can dedicate
only a few moments a day to learning something new about your job, it can help you to
find the passion that you once had for it
...

4
...
2 TRACK YOUR EFFORTS

It’s natural to forget what we actually accomplish in a week’s time
...
A great way to
help build your self-esteem at work is to keep track of what you actually achieve
...
’ Take a piece of paper and write it down whenever you give
100% effort to a work task
...
At the end of the
week, you’ll have 15 different reasons to be proud of yourself for that week
...
You can build your self-esteem by keeping track of what you actually achieve
...
com
36

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Methods for Improving Self-Confidence

4
...
3 SELF-ESTEEM BULLETIN BOARD

Another idea is to create a bulletin board or poster in your work space that details your
achievements so that you can see a physical reminder of what you have accomplished
...
You should put anything there that reminds
you of the people who love you, the people you love, and the things you have achieved
...
Be sure to update the bulletin board periodically
so that you don’t stop noticing your special bulletin board
...


4
...
4 STOP THE NEGATIVE TALK

We all do it
...
It’s our ‘inner critic
...
You want to learn
to stop the unproductive negative self-talk and instead, focus on what you can do to move
past the situation
...
You can even create a STOP sign and post it on your wall so that every time you
have a negative thought you can look up at it and say to yourself, “stop!” Then convert
that negative thought into something positive
...
Next time I’ll know not to do the same
...
But it will pass
...


Allowing negative thoughts to fester does nothing for your self-esteem and your ability to
function at work
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
4 ENHANCING YOUR SELF-EFFICACY
There are four ways to enhance your self-efficacy that have been well researched and verified
as being effective
...
They are:
•
•
•
•

Skills mastery
Modeling
Reinterpretation of signs and symptoms
Persuasion

4
...
1 SKILLS MASTERY

The most effective way to build your self-efficacy is by mastering new or existing skills
...

In fact, repeated, early failures can have a detrimental effect on self-efficacy especially if it
was not due to a lack of effort or severe, unusual circumstances
...


As you master more and more skills, you will find that you suffer occasional failure with
much more ease because you know that another success is likely not far behind
...
In this case, we see that by improving our strategy we can improve our results
...
Then successfully complete each smaller task
...
Set a reasonable goal for when you would like to master each piece of the larger
overall task and reward yourself as you achieve your goals
...
com
38

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Methods for Improving Self-Confidence

4
...
2 MODELING

A second means of enhancing self-efficacy is to provide a model for what you are aiming
to achieve
...
For example, if you are seeking to become a better
public speaker, look for someone who is an excellent speaker already
...
Or pay close attention to what it is that makes them good at public speaking
and attempt to do the same
...
They can provide inspiration and feedback to
help you move towards your goal faster
...


4
...
3 REINTERPRETATION OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

In the research conducted on patients in physical rehabilitation, this method of building
self-efficacy was meant to teach patients which of the signals they were receiving from
their body in the form of symptoms were perfectly normal
...

For example, feeling a high level of stress under high-pressure scenarios is normal
...
Then take steps to reduce your stress so that you can
keep moving forward
...
com
39

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Contents

Recognize that your emotional signals and symptoms are perfectly normal reactions to
your situation, and then determine what you need to do to keep moving forward
...
Your emotional reactions, sometimes including symptoms like headaches, backaches,
or stomach upset, are completely natural when you face upsetting situations
...
Instead, you can acknowledge your emotions and your right to
feel them, and still choose the action that will help you move forward in getting your job
done
...

4
...
4 PERSUASION

Persuasion is the final method for enhancing self-efficacy
...
In this sense, persuasion means the act of convincing someone that they
are actually capable of doing what they have set out to do
...
Some ideas might be giving yourself a pep talk, reminding yourself of your related
past successes, or asking others to tell you what they see as your strengths
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
1 REASONS WE LOSE MOTIVATION
It’s not always easy to stay motivated
...
Even if external factors cooperate – we don’t lose our job even though
the economy tanks, we have a boss that supports us in reaching for goals and we have
colleagues, family, and friends that help to keep us focused, we can still struggle to stay
positive and moving forward
...
But what separates the truly successful person from the average person is the
ability to understand why you are feeling de-motivated, respond to that reason, and then
keep on moving forward
...


There are three main reasons that people tend to lose motivation from time to time
...
’ These are:
• Lack of confidence – why would you continue to try to do something if you don’t
believe that you can do it? You would only be setting yourself up for failure
...
But
you will need to boost your confidence level if you are going to regenerate your
motivation and get back on track
...
You may
need to concentrate your efforts so that you can begin making achievements – even
if they are small – which will encourage you to move on to the next goal and the
next and so on
...

But sometimes just staying in action can be important – even if you aren’t exactly
sure which actions to take
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
’
5
...
1 ADDRESSING LACK OF CONFIDENCE

We’ve already spent a great deal of time in this ebook looking at ways to address your
lack of confidence, but there are a few more pointers to include here
...
1
...

There is so much going on that we can get anxious, distracted, and lose our ability to focus
...
We are afraid to lose our jobs
because we are afraid of being poor
...
We are afraid of taking a risk at work because we can’t guarantee
that the outcome will be positive
...


This kind of fear scatters our focus and makes it difficult to achieve anything because we
get stopped by the fear
...
The way
to defeat your lack of focus is to set goals for yourself that are clear and achievable
...
Instead of worrying about random possible events in the
future, you can focus on what you can do at the moment to improve your situation
...
com
42

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

How to Improve Your Motivation

5
...
3 ADDRESSING LACK OF DIRECTION

Let’s say that you have developed your goals so that you have something to focus on, and
you feel pretty confident that you can achieve the goal
...
You might be procrastinating instead
...
It requires taking your goal
and breaking it down into the daily strategy that you will use to achieve it
...
When you sit down to work, pull out your to-do list and get started and you
will find that you now have a clear direction to move forward in
...
2 BUILDING SELF-DISCIPLINE
For some of us, discipline is a dirty word
...
But believe it or not, self-discipline
actually offers you a sort of freedom
...
If you lack self-discipline, you may be
aimless, wandering, starting one thing without finishing it and moving on to something
else
...

Self-discipline requires the ability to act according to what you are thinking rather than
what you are feeling at the time
...
Sure, we have days when we don’t want to go to work,
but we know that if we don’t, there will be consequences
...
The same is true when we lack
self-discipline in reaching for our goals
...
If I am not practicing the piano, I’m wasting the money I’m spending
on lessons and I also have the consequence of not being able to play the instrument
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
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...
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...
You can learn to be more self-disciplined by practicing each of these aspects
...
2
...
You need to determine what kind of
behavior, choices, standards, goals, and values are the best choices for you and your future
...

Try writing out a list of your goals or dreams, or even write a personal mission statement
...

Self-knowledge will help you understand what is important to you and to identify the
areas where you’ll want to spend the most time and energy
...
2
...
But before you can
become more disciplined, you need to pay attention to what you are already doing and
not doing
...
The better you get at identifying the areas where you lack discipline,
the faster you will get at nipping that unproductive behavior in the bud
...

Before you can become more disciplined, you need to pay attention to what you are
already doing and not doing
...
com
45

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

How to Improve Your Motivation

5
...
3 COMMITMENT

Without commitment to your goals and values, your self-discipline won’t last
...
If you find that
you can’t commit to a goal that you’ve set for yourself, go back to the self-knowledge step
...

We may think we should want to reach a goal, say, at work we might think we should want
a promotion, but perhaps we aren’t committed to it because deep-down, we don’t really
want it
...
Though commitment can take work, you can also tell a lot about what is truly
important to you by how strong your commitment is
...

If you find that commitment is wavering, you might need to go back to the self-knowledge
step and make sure that your goal is something you truly want
...
2
...
You may have to negotiate
with your spouse or other loved ones to pursue your goal, such as if you decide you want
to go back to school at night
...
For example, maybe you’ve always been the life of the party and
now you have decided to focus on eating right, limiting alcohol, and getting a full-night’s
sleep every night, so your friends start wondering who you are
...
But if you are committed to something important to you, you’ll
need to find the courage to say ‘no’ to things that attempt to dissuade you from your course
...
But if you are committed to something
important to you, you’ll need to find the courage to say ‘no’ to things that attempt to
dissuade you from your course
...
com
46

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

How to Improve Your Motivation

5
...
5 INTERNAL COACHING

The self-disciplined person also needs to discipline the negative voice that is in their head
...
So when you face a challenge to your
self-discipline, that critic will start shouting things at you like, “See, I knew you couldn’t
do it!” or “Go on, just skip the gym this one time!” Instead, you want to start training that
‘internal critic’ to become your ‘internal coach
...
Think
about how you would talk to a friend or child you were encouraging to achieve their goals,
and be at least that kind and supportive to yourself!
To help your self-discipline, you’ll need to turn that ‘internal critic’ into your ‘internal coach
...
com
47

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Personal Change and Goal Setting

6 
PERSONAL CHANGE AND
GOAL SETTING
6
...
You’ll want to understand the factors involved in change and how to take
action to strengthen your chance for success
...


6
...

C=D×M×P
C stands for Motivation to Change
D stands for Dissatisfaction
M stands for Model
P stands for Process
Figure 4: A Formula for Motivation to Change

The translation of the formula is that motivation to change occurs when you have a level
of dissatisfaction with the way things are, a model for how you want them to look instead,
and a plan or process for getting to that model result
...
But unless you have a vision for
how you would prefer things to look and a way that you believe will get you there, you
are unlikely to be truly motivated to make a change
...
com
48

PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Personal Change and Goal Setting

• In any case of change, all three elements (D, M, and P) must be present
...

• When the amount of motivation to change is high, the amount of at least one
of the elements on the other side of the equation must be high if the equation is
going to balance out (if change is going to be successful)
...

The equation means that motivation to change comes from having a level of dissatisfaction
with the status quo, a vision for something better, and a plan for how to get there
...
If you lack the model for what you want things to look like, you will
have nothing to direct your activity towards
...


6
...


Figure 5: The Process of Change

Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
3
...
There may be a general
attitude of denial
...
’ In this way, the focus is on the past
...
You might still be in denial of the need for the change
...
3
...
You might start wondering what you
are doing and your motivation to make the change will be absent or will lapse
...
Some of the behaviors or ‘symptoms’ you might experience at this stage
could include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Suffering, anger, or stress
Loss of productivity
Confusion over roles and future
Self-sabotage of the change
Bargaining
Loss of commitment
Lethargy

6
...
3 EXPLORATION

The next stage occurs when you begin to accept that the future will involve the change
...

You may begin enjoying some of the benefits of the change, even if you’re not completely
convinced yet that this is something you can do
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
What will the strengths
of the new change be? Will you be able to speak a language you couldn’t before? If it’s at
work, will the change position you to be stronger against the competition in the future,
which will in turn foster job security? What benefits and opportunities will there be that
there haven’t been before the change?
6
...
4 COMMITMENT

In the final stage of the change process, you have become committed to the change and
to the remainder of the process in getting there
...
You may even find
that you are becoming a model for others
...
4 SETTING GOALS
To maintain motivation, we need to have goals to focus on
...

There is one method that has stood the test of time – the SMART method
...
4
...
If you can’t say specifically what you want to achieve, then how can you
expect yourself to achieve it? A specific goal will answer the questions:
•
•
•
•
•
•

Who? Who is taking action or is affected?
What? What is the result I want to achieve?
Where? Is there a specific location?
When? When do I want to complete this goal?
Which? Are there restraints or requirements that have to be met?
Why? Why is this important? What specifically is the benefit of achieving this goal?

Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
That’s not specific enough
...
I will know this is happening when
I receive at least 20% more inbound customer calls each month
...

• Where – In the five states where I currently have customers
...

• Which – Starting with customers that I haven’t heard from in more than a year
...

6
...
2 MEASURABLE

Each goal that you set should be measurable so that you have a means of ascertaining how
far along you are in reaching the goal as well as when the goal will be complete
...

So, for our example above, 750 customers need to be emailed and then called in enough
time that we see a 20% increase in the amount of inbound calls within six months
...
Let’s assume that we can complete 50
emails in a day in addition to maintaining normal customer service
...
But, we might not want to wait three
weeks between emailing and calling
...

In the first week, we decide to only email 100 people
...
Then we alternate doing the same thing over the following weeks until we have
completed our list
...


Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
4
...
But before you begin working, you need to be certain that
the goal is truly attainable
...

6
...
4 REALISTIC

If a goal is to be realistic, it must be something that you are willing and able to work
towards
...
It just means that
you have done a thorough analysis of the task at hand and you have come to the conclusion
that the goal is realistic
...
) to reach the goal?
Do I have the support of others?
What knowledge or expertise am I lacking that I will need to locate or learn?
Have I prioritized this new goal with existing goals?

In some version of SMART goals, the R actually stands for ‘relevant
...
Is the goal something that you should actually be completing or is
it better suited for someone else? Will it improve your overall skills and ability to do your
job? If not, why are you pursuing it?

Download free eBooks at bookboon
...
4
...
’ Without adding a time
restriction to your goals, you don’t have the necessary motivation to get going as soon as
possible
...
Since organizations and people change regularly, so can goals
...


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PERSONAL CONFIDENCE & MOTIVATION

Resources

7 RESOURCES
Arrod
...
uk
...

http://www
...
co
...
php
Businessballs
...
David McClelland
...
McClelland’s Motivational Needs Theory
...
businessballs
...
htm
Businessperform
...
Change Management
...

http://www
...
com/change-management/resistance_to_change
...
emory
...
Self-Efficacy
...
des
...
edu/mfp/BanEncy
...
ca
...

http://lin
...
pdf
Mindtools
...
Personal Goal Setting
...
Live Life Your Way
...
mindtools
...
html
More-selfesteem
...
Self-Motivation – How Can You Improve Yours?
http://www
...
com/self_motivation
...
com
...

http://www
...
com/mgmt/ob/motivation/herzberg/
Pickthebrain
...
10 Ways to Instantly Build Self-Confidence
...
pickthebrain
...
com
...

http://www
...
com/blog/self-discipline/
Psychologytoday
...
Self-esteem at Work
...
psychologytoday
...
com
55



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