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Description: These notes cover the definitions for the main parts of the Z80 Microprocessor including the stack and the stack pointer etc.
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1
MICROCOMPUTER TERMINOLOGY
A microprocessor is a VLSI device which operates according to a program
...
e
...
A microprocessor is effectively a CPU on a chip
...
The MPU
performs all the basic functions of a traditional CPU except that it is less powerful
...
The microprocessor instructions are coded in binary form and reside in the computer
memory
...
There are
collective names for groups of binary digits:i)
a byte is a group of 8 binary digits
...
b7 is the most significant bit and b0 is the least significant bit
...
There are two nibbles in a byte
...
It may be one or more bytes
...
To say that a word is the width of the data bus
is not necessarily true in all cases
...
We shall say that a word is the maximum number of bits which the CPU
can handle in parallel in any given operation such as addition
...
Each microprocessor has its own instruction set which is determined by the manufacturer
...
An 8051 microcontroller is similar
...
An instruction is typically one, two or three bytes but consists of two parts
...
g
...
code) defines the task or operation to be performed ( eg
...
2
The operand defines the data or the address relating to the data which is to be used by the
operation
...
b15
0
b14
0
b13
0
b12
1
b11
0
b10
0
1
b9
1
b8
0
b7
0
b6
0
2
b5
1
b4
1
b3
0
b2
1
3
High order byte
b1
0
b0
0
4
Low order byte
However, a typical PIC microcontroller instruction is a 14 bit word and contains the op
...
b13
b0
A mnemonic is an aid to memory
...
The instruction set of a microprocessor can contain hundreds of different instructions
...
memory
hex
...
A machine
code program is, strictly speaking, a series of binary instructions though for convenience we
generally call a hex
...
The microprocessor can only respond to
machine code instructions
...
Description: These notes cover the definitions for the main parts of the Z80 Microprocessor including the stack and the stack pointer etc.