Search for notes by fellow students, in your own course and all over the country.
Browse our notes for titles which look like what you need, you can preview any of the notes via a sample of the contents. After you're happy these are the notes you're after simply pop them into your shopping cart.
Title: Histology of nerve tissue and the nervous system
Description: Description of the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system. Embryological development of nervous tissue, Structure, function and classification of neurons (including resting potential, action potentials and synaptic communication). Structure and function of the six different types of glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems (astrocyte, microglia, eppendymal cell, Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte). Structure of the central nervous system including the meninges, blood brain barrier and choroid plexus. Structure of the peripheral nervous system, including myelination, neuron and ganglia structure and neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Clinical application notes included, along with figures and tables. Level: Undergraduate Medicine Years 1/2; Graduate Entry Medicine Year 1 (GEC/GEM)
Description: Description of the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system. Embryological development of nervous tissue, Structure, function and classification of neurons (including resting potential, action potentials and synaptic communication). Structure and function of the six different types of glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems (astrocyte, microglia, eppendymal cell, Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte). Structure of the central nervous system including the meninges, blood brain barrier and choroid plexus. Structure of the peripheral nervous system, including myelination, neuron and ganglia structure and neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Clinical application notes included, along with figures and tables. Level: Undergraduate Medicine Years 1/2; Graduate Entry Medicine Year 1 (GEC/GEM)
Document Preview
Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above
Nerve tissue and the nervous system
Nerve tissue comprised of neurons (nerve cells) and glial cells (supporting)
Neurons have long processes, function is to convey signals; excitable respond to stimuli by altering ionic gradient across the cell membrane
Glial cells have short processes, functions are protect, support, provide
nutrition to the nerve cells
Structural division of nervous system
o
CNS: brain and spinal cord
...
Receives and projects information from the CNS
Functional division of nervous system
o
Sensory: transmits impulses from peripheral structures to the CNS (CNS
and PNS components), from skin, joints and skeletal muscle (somatic
sensory) or from stomach/intestines (visceral sensory)
o
Motor: axons transporting impulses from CNS to muscle/gland (CNS
and PNS components), voluntary control of smooth muscle (somatic
motor system), or involuntary control of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
and glands (autonomic motor system)
Image taken from Mescher, Junquiera’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, 12th Edition
...
Structure of a neuron
Neurons consist of three parts:
o
Cell body (perikaryon): synthetic, trophic centre for nerve cell and
responsive to stimuli
o
Dendrites: elongated processes specialised to receive information from
environment, sensory epithelial cells, or other neurons
o
Axon: elongated process specialised for generation and conduction
of nerve impulses
Distal portion of the axon is branched at the terminal aborization; terminates
on the next cell at end bulbs (boutons)
Image taken from Mescher, Junquiera’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, 12th Edition
...
faculty
...
edu, Physiology, Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical
Signalling, available at
http://droualb
...
mjc
...
htm
Classification according to function
o
Motor (efferent); control effector organs
o
Sensory (afferent); reception of sensory stimuli
Interneurons establish links between other neurons
In CNS nerve cell bodies are located in grey matter, neuronal processes in
white matter
In PNS cell bodies are in ganglia and some sensory regions e
...
olfactory
mucosa
Cell body (prokaryon)
Chromatin in the nucleus is euchromatic, indicating high levels of protein
synthesis; prominent nucleolus
Lots of RER and polyribosomes (Nissl bodies); indicate lots of structural and
excretory proteins being synthesised
Golgi are only located in the cell body, but mitochondria can be located
throughout, particularly in axon terminals
Intermediate filaments are abundant, and known as neurofilaments
Telodendria – distal short branches of an axon that can branch into axon
terminals
Dendrites
Highly branched, covered with many synapses
Synapses converge on dendritic spines; short, blunt structures projecting from
dendrites
...
com, Sodium Potassium Pump, available at
https://www
...
com/sodium-potassium-pump
Taken from Wordpress
...
wordpress
...
org, Synaptic Transmission by Somatic Motorneurons, available at
http://antranik
...
g
...
Pseudounipolar neurons
Autonomic ganglia: efferent impulses from the CNS that effect activity of
smooth muscle, secretion of some glands, cardiac rhythm and other
involuntary activities involved in homeostasis
o
Small, bulbous dilatations in autonomic nerves
o
Some found in certain organs e
...
constitute intramural ganglia in
digestive tract
...
Mescher
...
Twelfth Edition
Title: Histology of nerve tissue and the nervous system
Description: Description of the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system. Embryological development of nervous tissue, Structure, function and classification of neurons (including resting potential, action potentials and synaptic communication). Structure and function of the six different types of glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems (astrocyte, microglia, eppendymal cell, Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte). Structure of the central nervous system including the meninges, blood brain barrier and choroid plexus. Structure of the peripheral nervous system, including myelination, neuron and ganglia structure and neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Clinical application notes included, along with figures and tables. Level: Undergraduate Medicine Years 1/2; Graduate Entry Medicine Year 1 (GEC/GEM)
Description: Description of the structural and functional divisions of the nervous system. Embryological development of nervous tissue, Structure, function and classification of neurons (including resting potential, action potentials and synaptic communication). Structure and function of the six different types of glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems (astrocyte, microglia, eppendymal cell, Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte). Structure of the central nervous system including the meninges, blood brain barrier and choroid plexus. Structure of the peripheral nervous system, including myelination, neuron and ganglia structure and neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Clinical application notes included, along with figures and tables. Level: Undergraduate Medicine Years 1/2; Graduate Entry Medicine Year 1 (GEC/GEM)