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CROP FARMER’S GUIDE
Amaranthus (Amaranthus viridis)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

4kg/ha

Between
rows: 50cm

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...


Poultry Manure:
5 tonnes/ha
...

Urea: 50kg/ha
...

Spray at 3 to 4
leaf stage
...


Disease Control/
Management
No major disease of
economic
importance,
however in case of
wilt-dig out affected
plants and remove
from field
...
i at
20g/15L of water (Acephate
is sold as Orthene &
Sunthene)
Leaf miners and Aphids:
Spray Phyrethroids at
40ml/15L (Sold as Attack)
or Suncis at 12ml/15L of
water or Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water (Sold as
Rogor) or Suncloprid at
3
...
5ml/15L of water
or Bifenthrin at 14 to
18ml/15L of water
...
5ml/15L
or Superguard at 7
...


Harvest/Yield/Food
Value
Follow the waiting
period after spraying
...

Harvest when stems and
leaves are tender
...

Yield:
About 12 tonnes/ha
...

Food Value: Dietary
fibre, Potassium,
Calcium, Magnesium,
Iron, Vitamin A,
Vitamin B and Vitamin
C

Avocado Pear (Persia americana)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting Season:
February to April
Recommended
Varieties:
Local Selection

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed
Control/Management

Disease
Control/Management

Insect
Control/Management

Harvest/Yield/Food
Value

123
plants/ha

Plant 9m x 9m
apart and
away from
other trees and
buildings

NPK: 13:13:21 Younger plants
under five years,
230g/per plant in
1st year and
thereafter apply
230g/plant per
each year of the
plant
...
g
...


Paraquat at 100ml/15L
of water (Sold as
Gramazone, Agazone
& Royal paraquat)

Root Rot:
Apply Sundomil at
60g/15L of water
...


Planting
time: All
year round

Germination:
Seeds are
quick to
germinate

Heavy mulch
around the base of
the plant ensures
steady growth
...


Or
Glyphosate at 150ml
to 200ml/15L of water
(Sold as Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow & Rambo)

Maintain good
drainage
...

Prune regularly
...

Recommended
Varieties:
Local Selection
• Veimama
• Jaina balavu
• Jaina leka
• Lady finger

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/Food
Value

1666
suckers/ha

Between
rows: 3m

Banana usually
planted on fertile
soil for quality
fruits and high
yields
...


Fungal & Viral disease:
Remove infected plants & bury
...


Banana Aphid:
(Vector for
transmitting
virus)
...


Planting
time:
Recommended
from October
to March
otherwise all
year round
...

230g/plant at 3
split applications
per year
...


Black Sigatoka Disease: No
effective chemical control
...
g
...
For
Nematodes, treat soil with
Basamid at 60g per square
metre
...


Banana weevil:
Keep plantation
clear of any plant
debris and weeds
...
Good
husbandry
practices
...

Second year 2500
bunches if two
suckers are
maintained per spot
...

Urea: 100kg/ha
...


Root and Collar Rot:
Use disease free
planting materials and
make good drains
...
5g/litre
of water for 5 minutes
before planting
...
i
at 20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold as
Orthene & Sunthene)

Normally leaves
become ready after
7- 8 weeks
...


Planting time:
Can be grown
all year round
Planting
material:
Mature stems
are cut to a
length of 30cm
and planted
directly to
prepared soil
...

Site of
planting: Bele
should be
planted at an
area that is
well drained
and is close to
water source
...

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...

Spray directly on
weeds using a
spray shield
...

(Sold as Attack)
Or Suncis at 12ml/15L
of water
...


Harvest at 2 to 3
weeks interval
depending on
individual
preference
...


20 to 40 tonnes/ha

Plants within
rows: 12m
Root suckers
Root cuttings
Marcotting

Ring weed around
plants and spray
Glyphosate
between plants at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo
...


Planting time:
Planting is
recommended
during the wet
season
(November to
March)

NPK: 13:13:21 can
be used in small
amounts as basal
and side dress
Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...


Remove diseased
fruits to avoid spread
of disease
...

Food Value:
Fair source of
Vitamin C, rich in
Fibre and good
source of Iron and
Calcium
...


Local Selection
• Yolo Wonder B
• Yolo Wonder Y
• Hybrid Ace
• Summer Bell
• Blue Star

Planting time:
Cool season
(April to
September)
Can be grown
all year round
under sarlon
cloth
...

Rotovate the
soil before
planting if
Rotovator is
available
...

Transplanting:
Transplanting
can be done
during cloudy
days or late in
the afternoon
...
If
rainfall is not
sufficient,
irrigation should
start immediately
after
transplanting and
as needed
afterwards
...

Side dressed in 2
split applications 2
to 4 weeks after
transplanting
...

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...

A small power
tiller can be
used for inter
row cultivation

Disease Control/
Management
Bacterial Wilt: Use
Wilt resistant varieties
...

Follow crop rotation
...

Soft Rot: Avoid
planting during wet
weather
...
Avoid
damaging the crop
during weeding
...

Anthracnose: Occurs
when mature capsicum
begins to ripe
...
(Sold
as Benlate)

Insect Control/
Management
Mites & Aphids:
Apply Dimethioate
at 15ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Rogor), or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...
i
at 20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold
as Orthene &
Sunthene)
or
Suncis at 12ml/15L
of water or
Endosulfan at
10ml/15L of water
...

Yield: 8 to
12tonnes/ha
Food Value: Very
high in Vitamin C,
Vitamin A

Cardamom (Ellettaria cardamomum)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping season:
December

Local Selection
• Malaba
• Mysore

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/Food
Value

2500 plants/ha

Between rows:
2m

N:P:K: 13:13:21
-200kg/ha in
March/April

Plants within
rows: 2m

Paraquat at
100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone & Royal
paraquat)

Wilt
Cultural Control:
Remove diseased
plant from the field
and burn
...


Seedlings first
harvest in the 3rd
year
...


Practice good field
sanitation
...

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...


-Rhyzomes from
mother plants will
be ready for harvest
from 18-24 months
...
5-4kg/ha

Between rows:
50cm on raised
beds
...


Local Selection
• Chantenay
• Scarlet o’hara
• Baby carrot
• New Kuroda
• New Kuroda
Improved

Planting time:
Plant during the
cool season for
better yield
(April to
September)

Plants within
rows: 8cm
Sow thinly in
rows and later
thin to correct
spacing 7 to 10
cm
...

Top dress when
plants are about 35cm high, keep
Urea away from
the base of the
plant
...
5kg/ha
...

Dust seeds with
Mancozeb
...


Or Use Kocide at
30g/15L of water to
prevent fungal
infections

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...


Insect Control/
Management
Aphids: Spray
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...
i
at 20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold
as Orthene &
Sunthene)
Or Endosulfan at
10ml/15L of water
...

Harvesting
Forks are usually
used to dig the roots
from the ground
...

Carrots can be
stored for as long as
16 - 20 weeks at
0°C
...


Cassava (Manihot esculenta)
Cropping
Season/Recommen
ded Varieties
Cropping season:
All year round

Recommended
Varieties:
Local Selection
• Beqa
• Yabia damu
• New guinea
• Sokobale
• Nadalei
...


Mechanize:
Ridges:1m
between rows

N:P:K: 13:13:21
Poor soil:
200kg/ha at
planting

Paraquat at
100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone & Royal
paraquat)

Leaf Spot: Not an
economic disease
...


Planting time:
All year round
...


Mounds:
0
...

Urea: 100kg/ha at
split application
50% at planting
and 50% after 4
weeks
...


Hand weeding is
also
recommended
...


Black Scale &
White Peach
Scale: Spray
Deltamethrin at
8ml/15L of water
(Sold as Turbo)
...

Use-Biological
control agent
Nephasis bicolor
active in field
...


Yield: With proper
management
-20-30 tonnes/ha
Food Value:
Source of Vitamin A
and Vitamin C
contains Starch
(Energy)
...


Planting time:
April to August
but performs
best during cool
and dry months
...


Plants within
rows: 40cm

Other varieties
available
• Silver moon
• Silver cup

Planting
Method:
Seeds are sown
in well prepared
seedbeds or
seedling trays
and
transplanted in
the field after 3
to 4 weeks or at
3 leaf stage

Germination:
3 to 5 days after
sowing
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
...

Poultry Manure:
5 tonnes/ha
...

Soil analysis
should be done
before fertilizer
application
...


Disease Control/
Management
Crown Rot: Spray
Dithane M-45 at
22g/15L of water
...
5ml/15L of
water only when
damage is visible
...
5ml/15L of water
...


Harvest/Yield/Food
Value
Yield: 10tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Dietary fibre, Folate,
Vitamin C, Thiamin,
Iron and Zinc
...


Planting time:
Grows well
during cooler
season (April –
August)

Plants within
rows: 15-25cm

Planting
Method:
Raise the
seedlings in
trays/seedbed
and transplant
after 4 weeks
...
Grows
well under sarlon
cloth and needs
optimum
temperature of
16 - 21ºC for
germination
...


Disease Control/
Management
Anthracnose: apply
Anatracol at 30g/15L
of water or Mancozeb
at 50g/15L of water
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
...


Yield: 8 - 10
tonnes/ha

Poultry Manure:
5 tonnes/ha
...


Food Value:
Protein, Iron,
Vitamin A & C,
Thiamin, Riboflavin,
Niacin, Potassium,
Calcium and
Magnesium
...


Chillies (Capsicum annuum)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

300g/ha

Between
rows: 1m

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha during
planting
...


Plants within
rows: 30cm

Can be
planted all
year round
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
...
Top
dress 2 and 4
weeks after
transplanting
...
Mix
well with the soil 2
weeks before
planting
...


Weed Control/
Management
Paraquat at
100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone & Royal
paraquat)
or
Glyphosate at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo)

Interrow
cultivation using
scarifier or small
power tiller
...

Downey Mildew:
Apply Dithane
M-45 at 22g/15L
of water

Insect Control/Management
Aphids & Mites: Apply
Dimethioate (Sold as Rogor)at
15ml/15L of water or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L
of water or Bifenthrin at 14 to
18ml/15L of water
...
i at 20g/15L of water
(Sold as Orthene & Sunthene)
White Fly: Spray Acephate 75%
a
...
Apply recommended
practices for quality produce
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Fruits appear 3 to
4 months after
planting and
harvest weekly for
one year
...

Economic Life:
one crop for one
year
...


Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

300g/ha

Between
rows: 75cm

Local Selection
• Pak Choy
Kwang Moon
• Wong Bok

Planting time:
Best if planted
during the cool
season but can
be grown
throughout the
year
...


Planting
Method: Seeds
are sown in well
prepared
seedbeds or
seedling trays
and transplanted
in the field after
3 to 4 weeks or
at 3 leaf stage
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
...

Top dress 2 and 4
weeks after
transplanting
...

Broadcast and work
into the soil 2 weeks
before transplanting
...


Weed Control/
Management
Fusilade at
45ml/15L of water
...

Practice manual
weed control
...

Soft Rot, White
Rust: Practice good
crop rotation

Insect Control/
Management
Lepidopteran pest,
Diamond Back moth,
Large cabbage moth,
Centre grub, Greasy
cutworm: Apply
Superguard at
7
...
5ml/15L
only when damage is
visible
...


Or Prevathorn at
15ml/15L of water

Food Value:
Source of Vitamin
A,
Vitamin B &
Vitamin C
...
75 to 7
...


Yield: 12
tonnes/ha

Citrus (Citrofolia sinensis)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting season:
All year round
depending on varieties
Lemon & Lime all year
round
...

Recommended
Varieties:
Orange (C
...
reticulate)
a) Satsuma
b) Emperor Lemon
Lemon (C
...
aurantifolia)
a) Seedless Lime
b) West Indian Lime
c) Rangpur Lime
Kamquat

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

277 plants/ha

For Meyer lemon
and seedless lime

NPK: 16:16:16
90g/plant at planting
...


Between rows:
7m

N
...
K 13:13:21 at
230g/plant at
every 6 months for
first year thereafter
300g/plant at 6 month
interval for the second
year
...
For
established trees,
375g/tree at 6 months
interval
...
Spray
white oil or spray
Copper
Oxychloride at
60g/15L of water
(Sold as KOPI)

Fruit Flies: Setup
protein bait traps
...


Grafted and
budded plants
bear fruits in 2–
2½ years

Plants within
rows: 6m (238
plants/ha)
Planting
Material:
Grafted/Budded
seedlings
enhance early
fruiting

Apply Urea at
250g/tree/year (2 split
applications every six
months)
Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...


Or use Kocide at
30g/15L of water
to prevent fungal
infections
...

Plant resistant
varieties
...

Biological control
agents released in
field to control the
pest
...


Yield: 2030tonnes/ha
...


Cocoa (Theobroma cacao)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping season:
October to April

Recommended
Varieties:
• Amelonado
• Trinitario
• Keravat

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

Direct
planting:
3 beans/stake
and thinning to
one plant after
3 months
...
5 square meter
system
...
i at
20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold
as Orthene &
Sunthene)

Harvest at 3
years after
planting
...

-200kg/ha in split
application
-50% in April
-50% in October
...

Fertilizer should not
be applied when it is
too dry

Or

Canker: Remove
and destroy
diseased plants
...

Plant the
recommended
Amelonado
variety
...


Remove black
pods regularly and
bury or burn
outside the
plantation
...
5
tonnes/ha wet
beans
...


cocoa branches
...
The nuts are
placed flat in the
bed with the broader
side on the ground
...
The
following straight
fertilizers are
applied:
Ammonium
Sulphate and
Super
Phosphate
...
Fiji Tall
b
...
Niu Leka
...
Niu ni magimagi
...
Niu drau
...
Niu Kitu
d
...

Introduced cultivars:
a
...

b
...

c
...
Malayan Red Dwarf
x Rotuman Tall
...
Malayan Yellow Dwarf
x Rotuman Tall

Planting time:
Wet Season:
Oct-April

Dwarf:
- 9m x 9m
(triangular)
...

Fertilizer should not
be applied when it is
too dry

Weed Control/
Management
Ring weeding
manually metre
radius around
palms for the
first 1 to 2
years
...

For Seedlings:
Monthly spray
with Mancozeb at
50g/15L water
or Dithane M-45
at 22g/15L of
water

Or
Glyphosate at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo)

-Remove and
destroy diseased
seedlings
...


Insect Control/
Management
1
...

2
...

Rhinoceros
beetle controlled
by biological
control methods,
using virus,
fungus and
pheromone traps
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Bearing:
Tall:
- 5-7 years to bear
nuts
...


- Hybrid:
- 3-4 years to bear
nuts
...
7 to 1
...

Food Value:
Source of Vitamin
C, Vitamin B1, B2
and Iron

Coffee (Coffea Arabica)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping season:
September to
October

Recommended
Varieties:
• Robusta

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

1,115
seedlings/ha

Between rows: 2
...


Rust: No
effective
fungicide control

Shot Hole Borer:
- Remove & Burn
dead and dying
wood
...


Planting time:
August to
November

Plants within
rows: 3
...
P
...

- 50% in April
- 50% in October
...

Fertilizer should not
be applied when it is
too dry

Paraquat at
100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone & Royal
paraquat)
Or
Glyphosate at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo)
Or Diuron 80 -at
120g/15L of water
...

Food Value:
(Powder) Protein,
Iron, Riboflavin,
and Calcium
...

(Nutritionally a
good source but
the quantities are
too small to be
significant)

Corriander (Coriandrum sativum)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

10kg/ha

Between rows:
22
...


Germination: 6
to 10 days after
sowing

Urea: 100kg/ha
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...

Carry out
inter-row
cultivation

Disease Control/
Management
Susceptible to
fungus disease
especially in moist
conditions
...

Yield: 6 to 8
tonnes/ha
...

Food Value:
(Leaves) Calories,
Protein, Iron,
Vitamin A, Thiamin,
Riboflavin, Niacin,
very high in Vitamin
C, Potassium,
Calcium,
Magnesium
...


Cowpea (Vigna uguiculata)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:
• Tara
• Mana
• Rachna
• Shikhar

Tara & Mana 28kg/ha
...
(Lower rates
on more fertile soil)
and Foliar application
of BioBrew growth at
the rate of 300ml/15L
of water at 6 leaf
stage
...

Shikhar - 25kg/ha
...


Apply BioBrew
harvest at the rate of
300ml/15L of water
from flowering
onwards every
fortnight
...


Weed Control/
Management
Hoeing or
mechanical
inter row
cultivation

Disease Control/
Management
Cercospora leaf spot,
Round spots, reddish
brown or purple in
colour
...

Chemical Control:
Apply Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...

Cultural Control:
Crop rotation and
general field
sanitation
...


Insect Control/
Management
For control of Maruca
testulalis (Pod Borer)
apply Lannate at
30ml/15L of water
...

Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water or
Bifenthrin at 14 to
18ml/15L of water
...

Dry seed: 80 -90
days
...

Dry seed: 1
...
0
tonnes/ha
...


Maruca are noticed on
flower buds
...


Paraquat at
100ml/15L of water
(Sold as Gramazone,
Agazone & Royal
paraquat)

Disease free but
fungus may attack
the leaves during
prolonged wet
weather

Generally it is
pest free

Harvest when
plants give good
size leaves
...


Economic life
span: 5 to 6 years

Or
Glyphosate at 150ml
to 200ml/15L of
water (Sold as Round
up, Champion 450,
Rainbow & Rambo)

Food Value: Food
flavour

Cucumber (Cucumis sativas)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

2kg/ha

Between
rows: 1m

• Early Set
• Cascade
• Bountiful No
...


Plants within
rows: 30cm

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha basal
application before
sowing
...


Depth: 1218mm
...
At 2
& 4 weeks after
planting
...

Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...

Weed Control:
Weeds are hoed
out when the
plants are still
standing
...

Practice staking
for quality
fruits
...

Spray Dithane M-45 at
22g/15L of water
...

or Bravo at 45ml/15L
of water
...
Picking
continues for 3
weeks
...
75 to
7
...


Economic Life
span: for one crop
– 3 months
Food Value:
Vitamin C
...


Paraquat at
100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone &
Royal paraquat)

Corm Rot:
Improve drainage
...

Planting Time
Main Season:
July to January
Off-season:
March to June
Wet Zone:
Throughout
the year
Intermediate
Zone:
Sept - March

Mechanize:
- Between
rows: 1m
- Between
plants: 0
...

Urea: Apply 45g
(46% N) per plant in
3 split applications
after planting at 15g
after 5, 10 & 15
weeks
Poultry Manure:
10 tonnes/ha
Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


Shot hole Leaf
Spot: A seasonal
disease
...

- Good
husbandry,
regular weeding
and proper
fertilization helps
to minimize the
disease
...
i at
20g/15L of water (Acephate is
sold as Orthene & Sunthene)
Or Spray Phyrethroids at
40ml/15L of water (Sold as
Attack)

Optimum Yield:
20 to 25 tonnes/ha

Or Diazinon at 60ml/15L of
water

Food Value:
Contains large
amount of Vitamin
A, Vitamin B1,
Vitamin B2 and
Vitamin C
...
75 to
7
...


or Bifenthrin at 2
...


Between
rows: 1m

N:P:K: 13:13:21
200kg/ha - Basal
application

Recommended
Varieties:

Planting Time:
January
to December
...


- Hand Weed
...


Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

Plant Hoppers and
Cutworms: Apply
Malathion at
30ml/15L of water
Or Diazinon at
60ml/15L of water
when appropriate
...

Food Value:
Source of Vitamin
B, Vitamin C,
Starch and Protein
...


Recommended
Varieties:
• Local Selection
(Morinaga
oleifera
Sym
...

Pterygosperma)

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/Food Value

1111plants/ha

Between
rows: 3m

Insignificant

Plants within
rows: 3m

Hand weeding
around plants and
application of
Glyphosate:150ml to
200ml/15L water
(Sold as Round up)

Insignificant

Planting
time: All
year round

NPK: 13:13:21
at the rate of
200kg/ha during
planting
...
Pods usually bear in
the dry cool months on the
year
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


Food Value:
Protein, Dietary fibre,
Potassium, Calcium,
Magnesium, Iron, Vitamin
A, Vitamin C, Riboflavin,
Niacin
...


Recommended
Varieties:
•
•
•
•
•

Baribari
Duruka leka
Wainikoro
Thick White
Pitpit Red

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/Food
Value

12,821
cuttings/ha

Between
rows: 1
...


Inter row cultivation
...


Brown Hoppers:
Not a problem
when population
is low
...


Planting
time: All
year round

Plants within
rows: 0
...
With 60kg/ha of
potash at 8 weeks
b
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


Uproot diseased
plants and burn
them
...

Pitpit Red variety
is tolerant to Fiji
Disease
...
i at
20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold
as Orthene &
Sunthene)

Yield:
On average 1200
bundles/ha
...


English Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var
...

Basal application at
planting
...

Spray at 4-5 leaf
stage of grass
weeds
...


Black Rot: Dithane M-45
at 22g/15L of water or
Use Kocide at 22g/15L of
water
...
5ml/15L of water
or

Harvest at 60-90
days after
planting
...


Plants within
rows: 4560cm
Germination
:
4 – 6 days
after sowing
...

Irrigate crop
at 4 to 6 days
interval in dry
weather
...

Poultry Manure:
5 tonnes/ha
...


Manual hand
pulling and use hoe
for small area
...


Buy seeds from reliable
dealers
...
Under
favourable conditions spots
merge causing leaf to dry
out and appear burnt
...
Practice crop
rotation
...

Upper leaf surface turns
yellow to pale brown spot
...

Practice proper sanitation
in seedling stage
...
5ml/15L
of water only when
recent damage is
visible
...


water
...
5m

Planting
Time: All
year round
but best
during the hot
wet season
...
5m

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha Basal at
planting

• Chahat
• Sigatoka Beauty
• Pritam/Long
purple

Sowing: Seed
boxes or
seedling trays
are
recommended
for seedling
production
...


Land Preparation:
The field should be
prepared very well
...

Germination: 6 –
10 days after
sowing
...
Transplanting
should be done
during cloudy days
or late in the
afternoon
...

Poultry Manure:
10 tonnes/ha
Broadcast and mix
well in the soil 2
weeks before
planting
...


Weed Control/
Management
Apply Paraquat
at 100ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Gramazone,
Agazone &
Royal paraquat)
Inter row
cultivation

Hoe in the rows
carefully
...


Disease Control/
Management
Bacterial Wilt:
Practice crop rotation
with grain and avoid
solanaceous crops
(tomatoes, chillies &
tobacco)
...

Plant on well-drained
soil
...
Collect all
mature fruits and
dispose off
...


Tobacco Flea
Beetle:
Apply Malathion at
30ml/15L of water

For local market
harvesting can
continue for a longer
period
...
i at 20g/15L
of water (Acephate
is sold as Orthene
& Sunthene)

Yield: 20 - 25
tonnes/ha

Weed and avoid soil
infested with Root
Knot Nematode

Thrips:
Apply Confidor at
5ml/15L of water
or

Use Kocide at
30g/15L of water to
prevent fungal
infections

Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L

Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
Vitamin C
...


French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Recommended
Varieties

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

45 to 50kg/ha
Recommended
Varieties:
• Contender
• Butter bean
• Labrador

Seed Rate

Between rows:
50cm

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha during
planting
...


Plants within
rows: 15 -20cm
Germination: 3
to 6 days after
sowing
...

Top dress 2 to 4
weeks after
planting
...
Mix
well in the soil 2
weeks before
planting
...


Weed Control/
Management
Fusilade at
45ml/15L of water
...
Spray at 4
to 5 leaf stage of
weeds
...


Disease Control/
Management
Powdery Mildew:
Apply Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...

Rust, Root Stem rot,
Angular leaf spot: Apply
Benomyl at 10g/15L of
water (Sold as Benlate)
or Mancozeb at 50g/15L
water
...

(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...

Picking continues
for 4 to 6 weeks
...

A 100g – portion is
a rich source of
folate; a source of
Vitamin A (as
carotene) and
copper, provides 3g
of dietary fibre,
supplies 7kcal
(30kj)
...


Apply Linuron as a
pre-emergence
apply 1
...


Planting
Time: May to
August
...


Thrips:
Use Confidor at
5ml/15L of water
or

Recommended
Varieties:

Downey Mildew:
Avoid close planting,
make good drains and
use areas with lighter
soil texture
...


• Anoka
• Philippines
Selection
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...

Spray Mancozeb at
50g/15L of water
...
75
to 7
...

Aphid: apply
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L
(Sold as Rogor)

or

Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...


Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Cropping
Season/Recomme
nded Varieties
Cropping season:
• Green ginger:
March
• Mature Ginger:
July

Recommended
Varieties:
• White Ginger
(canton)
• Red Ginger

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

Green:
7
...


Poultry manure: 10t/ha
...


Altrazine:
3
...
5g/L
water for 5 min
...
Root knot nematode &
Burrowing nematode - hot
water treatment of planting
material at 52º C for 10
minutes
...

-Proper selection of seedchoose healthy seeds
...

Pre-Plantation treatment
1) Use clean planting
material and dip in
Ridomil and water
...

Dipping of rhizomes in
Diazinon at 60ml/15L of
water before planting
...

Planting
Time:
September

Mature: 60cm
between rows
and 20cm
plants within
rows

Flat
land/Semi
Mechanized:
Green 90cm
between rows
15cm plants
within rows
...
Apply
500kg/ha at planting and
500kg/ha at 3 months
after planting
...
Top
dress immature and
premature in 3 split
applications of 100kg/ha
first at 2 to 3 leaf stage,
second at 8 wks after first
application and third at 4
wks after second
application
...

Soil analysis should be

Spray
immediately
after planting
...

Spray when the
soil is moist

-spray affected plants
with Sundomil at
50g/15L of water

Bacteria Rot
(Erwnia): 52º C treat
planting material 3
...

- Remove & destroy
disease plants
...


Mature:
10 months from
planting
Yield:
Green: 20-25
tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Good source of
energy,
potassium,
calcium and
sodium
...


done before fertilizer
application
...


Hoe or hand
weed
...


Fruits after 7 weeks
from planting
...


Squash Bugs:
Lannate at 30ml/15L
of water
...


Planting Time:
All year round
...

Suitable for
planting on trellis

Urea: 100kg/ha
Side Dress 3-4 weeks
after planting
...

Mix well in the soil
before planting
...


or Suncis at
12ml/15L of water
...


Herbs (Family Cucurbitaceae)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:
• Herbs in addition to
Mint, Coriander and
Parsley
...


Chives are
grown from
seeds or bulbs
...


• These include many
plants, which have
highly flavoured
leaves
...

• Most fish, meat and
vegetable dishes
become more
appetizing when
blended with the right
condiment
...


Plant in a welldrained area
...

The young
leaves have a
flavour of onion
...


Weed Control/
Management
May be grown
from seed or
cuttings
...


One bush is
sufficient for an
average sized
family’s supply
...


Replant when
necessary

Replant every year
...

Plant when one to
two inches high
...

Replant every two
years
...

Sprinkle on a
prepared seedbed
...

Thymes may also be
grown from cuttings
and they thrive well
in fairly dry
position
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Other herbs known
to do well are
Borage, Savoury
lemon balm,
Tarragon, Fennel,
Mint and
Coriander
...


Kawai (Dioscorea esculenta)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping Season:
July to September

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

10,000
mounds/ha
...


Pre emergence
Altrazine at
120ml/15L of
water

No major insect
problem
...


Dioscorea Leaf
Spot:
If need be spray
with Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...


Traditional:
4 tonnes/ha
Recommended
Varieties:
• Kawai tabua
• Kawai cagocago
• Tabo dina
• Sarau dra
• Kawai cikobia

Mechanized:
16,700 sett/ha

Plants within
rows: 0
...


Food Value:
Source of Vitamin
E, Vitamin C,
Thiamin and
Riboflavin
...
8

N:P:K: 13:13:21
100kg/ha at planting
...


Kumala Scab:
Plant resistant or
tolerant varieties
such as Talei and
Vulatolu
...


16-20 weeks from
planting
...

- Hill up tubers
...


Mechanize:
-33,000 -plants/ha

Plants within
rows: 0
...

Mechanize:
Between
rows:1m
Plants within
rows: 0
...


Length of vine:
40cm

Urea: 100kg/ha
at 6 weeks after
planting
...


Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
potassium,
Vitamin C
...

Contains Sodium &
Minerals
...


Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

625 seedlings/ha

Between rows:
4m

No economic pests

Fruiting will start at
13 - 15months after
transplanting
...
No
herbicides to be
used if grown
organically
...


Kura is grown
naturally
(organically) to be
planted in new areas
...


Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...


Yield: 1
...
5kg/tree/week
under optimum
management
practices
...


Lablab Bean (Dolichos lablab)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping Season:
October to April
...


Weed between
rows
...


Bean Pod Borer:
Spray Phyrethroids
at 40ml/15L (Sold
as
Attack)
...


Planting Time:
All year round but
best in cool season
...

Germination: 68 days after
sowing
...

Poultry Manure:
broadcast, mix well
before planting
...


Fusilade at
45ml/15L of
water
...

Hand weed or
hoe when
required
...


Aphids:
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L of
water
...

Food Value: Good
source of Protein,
Energy, and
Calcium, Iron,
Zinc, Vitamin B
complex and
Vitamin C
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
Top Dress 2 & 4
weeks from planting
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...

Inter row
cultivation

Disease Control/
Management
Soft Rot:
Practice crop
rotation Benomyl at
10g/15L water (Sold
as Benlate)
Or Mancozeb at
50g/15L of water
...
Later
turns brown, soft
and slimy
...
Remove all
left over crops after
harvesting
...


Use Kocide at
30g/15L of water to
prevent fungal

Insect Control/
Management
Thrips: Apply
Confidor at
5ml/15L of water
...
75 to 7
...

Cutworm
Caterpillars:
Apply Malathion at
30ml/15L of water
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
8 to 10 weeks after
planting
...


Yield: 8 - 10
tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
source of Vitamin
A, Vitamin B and
Vitamin C
...

Performs best
during hot and
wet season
...

200kg/ha

Germination: 3-6
days after sowing
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress 2 & 4
weeks after planting
...

Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...

Spray when grass
weeds are at 4-5
leaf stage
...


Disease Control/
Management
Rust: Apply
Benomyl at 10g/15L
of water (Sold as
Benlate)
or Copper
Oxychloride at
60g/15L of water
(Sold as KOPI)

Insect Control/
Management
Bean Pod Borer :
Spray Phyrethroids
at 40ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Attack)
Or Lannate at
30ml/15L of water
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
After 6-8 weeks
from planting, pick
pods when still
tender and
harvesting
continues for about
2-3 weeks
...

Plough plant remains
properly after
harvest, rotate with
vegetable like
cabbage, eggplant,
tomato
...


Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
Vitamin C,
Niacin, Vitamin B
complex, Iron and
Zinc
...
L)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Variety:

18kg/ha

Between rows:
75cm

NPK: 13:13:21
300kg/ha at planting
...


Wet Zone:
February to
March

Poultry Manure:
10 tonnes/ha at 2
weeks before planting
Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...

Inter-row
cultivation at 4
weeks after
planting
...


Insect Control/
Management
Corn Earworm,
Corn leaf hopper
and Maize Aphids:
Spray Acephate
75% a
...

Yield: 2 to 3
tonnes/ha for dry
grains
...


Mango (Mangifera indica)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting Season:
Local varieties
from August to
January Hybrids
from September
to March
...

Recommended
Varieties:
• Kensington
• Tommy
Atkin’s
• Mapulehu
• Edward
• Mexican Kent
• Parrot
• Mango Dina
(Pickling)
• Peach
• Baramasia

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

123 plants/ha

Between rows: 9m

NPK: 13:13: 21
110kg/plant at
planting
...

Keep the
surroundings clean
...

Pick all the fallen
fruits and clean the
surrounding
...
Yields vary
depending on the
varieties, age of
tree and weather
conditions at
flowering
...

Grafted plants can
be procured from
reliable nursery few
days before
transplanting
...

Bearing trees: 2kg
to 3kg annually
...


Apply these
herbicides
carefully around
the plants

Spray Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...


Mango Stone
Weevil: Good field
sanitation
recommended
...


Estimated yields:
25-80kg/tree in 5th
to 7th year
...

Food Value:
Rich in Vitamin A
as well in Vitamin
C
...

Recommended
Varieties:
• Local Selection

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

Grows from
cuttings or root
...


No major disease
of economic
importance

Planting time:
All year round
...


Germination:
8 -10 days after
sowing

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...
i at 20g/15L
of water (Acephate
is sold as Orthene &
Sunthene) and also
follow instructions
on the label
...

Food Value:
Flavour for soups,
fish and meat
dishes
...
(Lower
rates on more fertile
soil)
...

Planting
time:
Planting
season is
from
February to
October
...


Germination: 4 to
6 days after sowing
Crops should be
irrigated after
planting
...

Apply BioBrew
harvest at the rate of
300ml/15L of water
from flowering
onwards every
fortnight
...


Weed Control/
Management
Hoeing or
mechanical
inter row
cultivation
...
The plant is stunted
Rogue off infected plants
and destroy away from
field
...
(Sold as Benlate)
or Mancozeb at 50g/15L of
water
or Bravo at 45ml/15L of
water
...
Clean seeds
should be used
...

or
Spray Phyrethroids
at 40ml/15L (Sold
as Attack)
Spray when eggs of
Maruca are noticed
on flower buds
...
75
to 7
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Harvest dry pods
70 to 90 days from
planting
...
0 to 1
...


Food Value:
Good source of
B-complex group
of Vitamins,
Vitamin C
...


Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

8kg/ha

Between rows:
1m

• Clemson
Spineless
• Local Long
white
• Dwarf Longpod

Planting
Time: All
year round
but better
during hot
months
...

Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress 50kg/ha
at 2 weeks &
50kg/ha at 4 weeks
after planting
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


Disease Control/
Management
Powdery Mildew:
Spray Apply Benomyl at
10g/15L of water (Sold
as Benlate)
or Copper Oxychloride
at 60g/15L of water
(Sold as KOPI)
Rotate with crops of
different family such as
eggplant, beans, and root
crops
...

To avoid this problem
plant Clemson
Spineless from
October to March or
plant other varieties
...
i
at 20g/15L of water
(Acephate is sold as
Orthene & Sunthene)
Rose Beetle: Apply
Malathion 30ml/15L of
water
...
75 to
7
...

Snails and Slugs: Use
Blitzem Pellets
...

Crop rotation can also
help reduce pest and

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
2 to 3 months after
sowing
Yield: 15 tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Dietary Fibre,
Potassium,
Calcium,
Magnesium,
Vitamin C
...


Onion (Allium cepa)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

4kg/ha direct
seeded
...


• Tropic Red
• Texas Early
Grano
• Superex
• Gladallan Brown

2
...


Plants within
rows: 5-10cm
...


Germination:
7-14 days after
sowing

Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress 4-6
weeks after
planting
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...
5kg/ha
Weed or hoe
where
necessary and
mulch with
straw materials
...


Insect Control/
Management
Onion Thrips:
Apply Confidor at
5ml/15L of water and
follow label
instructions
...


Yield: 12 - 15
tonnes/ha
...


or Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water

or Sundomil at 60-75g in
15L of water
...


Alternaria Leaf Spot:
Not an economically
important disease for
chemical spraying
...


Parsely (Petrosellinum crispum)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Variety:

3kg/ha

Between rows:
45cm

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha
Basal at planting
...

Poultry Manure:
5tonnes/ha
Broadcast and mix
well in the soil
...


Weed Control/
Management
Hand pull or
weed as
necessary

Disease Control/
Management
Root Knot
nematodes:
Rotate with non host
plants or tolerant crops
like English
Cabbage
...


Insect Control/
Management
Aphids: Apply
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water or
Bifenthrin at 14 to
18ml/15L of water
...

Yield: 5tonnes/ha
Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
Potassium,
Calcium, Iron,
Vitamin C (very
high), Thiamin,
Riboflavin
...

Recommended
Variety:
• Local Yellow

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

666 seedlings
/ha
(544 trellis
posts/ha)

Between rows:
3m

Red Spider mite:
Controlled by
spraying
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor)

1st year:
12-18 tonnes/ha

Posts:
3m between
rows
...

Hilling around the plants
is very important
...


Planting
Time: Best
planting time
is in the cool
and dry
months (April
to September)

NPK: 13:13:21
90g/plant at
planting, 230g/plant
every 3 months
interval for 1st year
and 300g/plant
every 3 months
interval for 2nd and
3rd year
...
2m within
rows

Germination:
Seeds
germinate in 10
days after
sowing and
within 6-8
weeks, plants
are ready for
transplanting
...


Hand pollination to be
practiced to get
maximum yields
...

Integrate apiculture
farming with passion fruit
for pollination purpose

Collar rot: The
disease can be
controlled by good
site
selection and
planting on raised
beds

2nd year:
20-25 tonnes/ha
3rd year
10-12 tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Good source of
Iron and Vitamin
C
...


Papaya (Carica papaya)
Cropping Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping Season:
All year round
under irrigation
Recommended
Varieties:
• Sunrise Solo
(Export Variety)
• Waimanalo
(Local markets)

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

1,667
plants/ha

Between rows:
3m

NPK: 13:13:21
90g/plant at
planting
...


Ring weed around
and in between
the plants during
early stages of
growth
...


Anthracnose: Attacks ripe
fruits, sunken brown spots
that enlarge and results in rot
as fruits ripen
...


Fruit fly: Female
flies lay eggs under
the skin of ripe,
fallen, damaged or
rotten fruits and
deteriorate the
quality of fruits
...


Harvest at colour
break, spray
Protein bait &
Malathion at
30ml/15L of water
on plants
...


Good field
sanitation, remove
and bury fallen
fruits
...


Plants within
rows: 2m
Planting
Time: Can be
planted all
year round
Planted
during
October to
March
enhance plant
growth
during wet
season
...
In
cooler seasons it
takes longer 18
to 21 days
...


Borax: 10g/plant at
planting and
10g/plant after 4 to
5 months and
thereafter 10g/plant
every 6 months
...


Plastic mulching
at planting
...

Phytophthora stem and fruit
rot: Apply Mancozeb at
50g/15L water or Kocide at
30g/15L of water to prevent
fungal infections or
Sundomil at 50g/15L of
water on the ground around
the root area
...


Vitamin C
...

(Lower rates on more
fertile soil)
...

Planting Time:
February to
October is the
best planting
time
...

Peanut grows
well on sandy
soils
...

Apply BioBrew
harvest at the rate of
300ml/15L of water
from flowering
onwards every
fortnight
...


Weed Control/
Management
Hoeing or
mechanical inter
row cultivation
...

Chemical
Control:
Benomyl (Benlate) at
10g/15L of water
...
Use clean seeds
...


Insect Control/
Management
Cutworm: The
younger plants
are severed or
partially at
ground level
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Vishaal and
Volasiga 16 - 18
weeks from
planting
Local Spanish - 15
weeks from planting
...

Yield:
Local Spanish and
Vishaal - 1
...
8
tonnes/ha
Volasiga - 2
...
6
Food Value:
Good source of
B-complex group of
vitamins,
Vitamin C, Iron,
Zinc and Calcium
...

(Lower rates on more
fertile soil) and
Foliar application of
Molybdenum powder
(1kg/ha) at 2wks and
5wks after planting on
red soils only
...


Disease Control/
Management
Damping Off:
Attacks seedlings
1- 3 weeks old
...


Insect Control/
Management
Bean pod borer
(Maruca
testulalis):
Apply Lannate at
30ml/15L of
water

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
Dry Seeds - harvest
120 to 150 days
from planting
...

(Sold as Benlate)

or

Green Pods - harvest
95 -120 days from
planting
...

Non Seasonal February to October

Plants within
rows: 10cm
Germination:
5 to 7 days after
sowing
...


Foliar application of
BioBrew growth at
300ml/15L of water at 6
leaf stage
...

Soil analysis to be done
before fertilizer
application
...


Spray
Phyrethroids at
40ml/15L (Sold
as Attack)
Spray when eggs
are noticed on
flower buds
...
0 to 4
...


Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting Season:
Main season:
November to
January

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

Sloppy Land
37,037 Stand/ha
(Suckers, slips,
crown)

Slopy land
1
...
6m between rows per
ridge and 0
...


Heart & Root rot:
Planting during the
dry season with
good field
drainage
...
75 to
7
...


Sloppy land
Plant crop: 40 to 60
tonnes/ha with
average fruit weight
1
...
5kg

Mini season
March to April

Sloppy land
Super phosphate:
250kg/ha at planting
...

NPK: 13:13:21 at
250kg/ha at 4 months
interval after planting
...

On flat lands
use raised beds
in wetter
months
...


Flat land
1m between ridges,
0
...
3m between
plants (Double rows)
Crown (tops), slips &
aerial suckers
...

Quartered plantlets from
nursery
...
Apply dose in
the centre of plant at
50ml/plant
...
Harvest 5
months after hormone
application
...

Soil analysis should be
done before

Then use
herbicides to
control weeds
...


Base rot: Dip the
planting material in
fungicide
before planting
...


1st ratoon:
30 to 40 tonnes/ha
with average fruit
weight 1
...
5kg
2nd ratoon:
20 to 25 tonnes/ha
with average fruit
weight 1
...
2kg
Flatland
60 to 70 tonnes/ha at
a fruit weight of 1
...
5kg for plant
crop

Food Value: Good
source of Vitamin C
and Vitamin B1 and

approach
...


also contains fibre
...

Fruiting time
may vary
depending on
variety
Recommended
Varieties:
• Horn type
(Qamure)
• Red “Vudi”
(Damuloa)
• Green tall
• Green thick
finger
• Paka (Blue
java)
• Black leaf
midrib
• Vudi mami

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

1666 suckers/ha

Between rows: 3m

Banana usually
planted on fertile soil
for quality fruits and
high yields

Carefully ring
weed around the
plants and spray
Glyphosate at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water between
plants (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo)

There are a number
of fungal and viral
diseases in banana
...


Banana Aphid:
(Vector for
transmitting virus)
...
75
to 7
...


Fruits appear after 9
to 10 months from
planting and ripens
about 3 months from
fruit set
...

230g/plant every
4months
...


Sigatoka Disease:
Apply Punch
fungicide (Bell
injection) at
80ml/15L of water
...
Practice good
field sanitation
...


Banana weevil:
Keep plantation
clear of any plant
debris and weeds
...
Good
husbandry practices
...


Food Value: Source
of dietary fibre,
Potassium, Calcium
& Magnesium

Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
Cropping
Season/Recomm
ended Varieties
Cropping
Season:
Cooler months

Recommended
Varieties:
• Red Rascal
• Dalisay
• Sebago

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

1
...
Avoid
planting too late
into the season
...


Tuber moth: Apply
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor)

Three months after
planting
...


or Spray Acephate
75% a
...

Poultry Manure:
10 tonnes/ha
Broadcast rotovate
into the soil well
before planting
...


Yield: 12-15
tonnes/ha
...

Lady bird beetle:
Spray Malathion at
30ml/15L of water

or Nitofol at
27ml/15L of water
...


Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

1
...
8m apart

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha basal at
planting
...

Poultry Manure:
12tonnes/ha
Mix well in the soil
Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...

Intercropping
with maize to
control weeds and
provide additional
income

Disease Control/
Management
Powdery mildew:
Apply Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
(Sold as Benlate)

Insect Control/
Management
Pumpkin Beetle:
Malathion 30ml/15L
water or Spray
Acephate 75% a
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
12 to 15 weeks after
sowing
...

Yield: 10 to 15
tonnes/ha
...


Radish (Raphanus sativus)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

10kg/ha

Between rows:
50cm

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha
Basal at planting
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress 2 weeks
after planting
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...

Take care not to
damage the plants
...


Insect Control/
Management
No serious pests
...

Food Value:
Dietary Fibre and
Vitamin C

Rice (Dryland) (Oryza sativa)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Cropping
Season:
November to
May

80100kg/ha

Between
rows: 20cm

Superphosphate at
20kg/ha at planting

Plants
within
rows: 15cm

Muriate of potash at
75kg/ha at planting

Recommended
Varieties:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Bold Grain
Star
Maleka
Totoka
Uttam
Nuinui
Deepak

Planting
time:
Nov to
Feb

Drop seeds
in furrows
or use seed
drill at a
depth of 46cm
...


Nitrogen at 50kg/ha
in split applications,
25kg at 20 days after
seeding and 25kg in
between panicle
initiation and booting
stages
Urea at 50kg/ha in
two split applications
at 21 days after
germination and
25kg at 45 days after
germination for Star,
Maleka, Totoka and
60 days for
Boldgrain, Uttam,
and Nuinui
...


Weed Control/
Management
i) Narrow Leaf
weeds
a) Apply Propal
(9L/ha) at
340ml/15L of water
at 3-4 leaf stage
...

iii) All Weeds
a) Basagran PL2 at
4L/ha at 3-4 leaf
stage
...


Disease Control/
Management
1
...

2
...

3
...

4
...

5
...

There are no serious
diseases in Fiji
...
Plant hopper: Spray
Acephate 75% a
...

2
...

3
...
P
...
12kg
a
...
Spray Acephate 75%
a
...


85g per 3kg seed

water
...


Superphosphate at
20kg/ha at planting

Broad Leaf:
- MCPA 2
...


There is no
serious disease in
Fiji
...
i at 20g/15L of
water (Acephate is sold as
Orthene & Sunthene) or
Diazinon at 60ml/15L of water
or Apply Malathion at
30ml/15L of water
...

Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...
i 5
...
61 – 8
...

Spray 3-7 days after
transplanting
...
83 11
...

- Propal 340ml/15L of
water when using
knapsack
...


Rice Leaf Roller:
Apply Carbaryl at 40g/15L of
water) (Sold as Sevin) or
Diazinon at 60ml/15L of water
Rice Armyworm: Spray
Dipterex 80% W
...
1
...
i/ha or 30ml/15L of water
using knapsack sprayer, and use
81ml/10L of water in a Mist
blower
...
i at 20g/15L of water using
knapsack sprayer and 75g/10L
of water when using a Mist
blower or Diazinon at
60ml/15L of water or Apply
Malathion at 30ml/15L of
water
...
Improved
varieties- 2-3
crops under
irrigation
Food Value:
Source of
Thiamin,
Riboflavin,
Niacin
...
5kg/ha

Between
rows: 2m

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha basal
application at planting
...

Poultry Manure:
10 tonnes/ha
...

Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...


Disease Control/
Management
Powdery mildew:
Apply Mancozeb at
50g/15L water
...
75 to
7
...


Harvest/Yield/
Food Value
12 to 16 weeks
after sowing
Yield: 8 to 12
tonnes
...


Inter row
cultivation

No major disease of
economic
importance

Aphids and Birds
damage is
negligible
...


Plants within
rows: 15 cm

Urea: 150kg/ha
apply after 4 weeks of
planting
...
2 tonnes/ha
Ratoon 1 tonne/ha
...


Economic life, one
ratoon crop
recommended
Food Value:
Protein, Dietary fibre,
Iron, Niacin

Soursop (Annona muricata)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting Season:
October to April

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

500 plants/ha

Between rows:
4
...


Fruiting starts in 2 to
4 years after planting
...
5m

Ring weed the
plants and spray
Glyphosate at
150ml to
200ml/15L of
water (Sold as
Round up,
Champion 450,
Rainbow &
Rambo)

Root rot can be a
problem if grown in
waterlogged areas
...

230g/plant at every
3 months up to 3
years after planting
...


Avoid planting in
poorly drained sites
...


Germination:
Propagated by
seeds, cuttings or
grafted on same
rootstock
...


Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


Expected yields:
8 to 10 tonnes/ha/year
after 3 years from
planting
...

Food Value: Fair
source of Protein,
Dietary fibre,
Potassium and
Calcium
...
max)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Variety:

28kg/ha

Fertile soils:
Between rows:
45cm

• Kalokalo

Planting time:
All year round
...

(Lower rates on more
fertile soil) and Foliar
application of
BioBrew growth at the
rate of 300ml/15L of
water at 6 leaf stage
...


Plants within
rows: 20cm
Poor soils:
Between rows:
45cm
Plants within
rows:15cm
Depth: 2-4cm
Germination: 4 to
6 days after sowing
Crops should be
irrigated after
planting
...

Soil analysis should be
done before
fertilizer application
...


Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management
Pod sucking Bugs
& Maruca
testulalis:
Apply Lannate at
30ml/15L of water
...

Regular inspection
of pests during
flowering and after
each harvest is
necessary
...

Yield: 3 to 5
tonnes/ha
...


Spring Onion (Allium cepa)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

4kg/ha

Between rows:
50cm

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha basal at
planting
...


Plants within
rows: 8cm
Germination: 6 to
10 days after
sowing
...

Poultry Manure:
5 tonnes/ha
Mix well in the soil 2
weeks before planting
...


Weed Control/
Management
Mulch with straw
materials
...


Disease Control/
Management
Powdery
Mildew:
Mancozeb at
50g/15L water
or Apply
Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...


Insect Control/
Management
Damage caused is
negligible
...


Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
Cropping
Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping
Season:
All year round

Recommended
Varieties:
• Nadiri
• Aiwa
• Beqa
• Galoa
• Kaba
• Mali
• Mana
• Ragna
• Vatu
• Vomo
• Waya
• Yasawa

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Varies from 3 to 8
tonnes depending on
planting method
...


The spacing should be
1
...
5 feet) but it
also depends on the
variety planted
...


Fiji Disease,
Downey Mildew,
Yellow Spot:

Planting Time:
Where soil is free
draining, as on the
hills, can plant
during rainy months
(December March)
...


The bottom trough of
the drill should be
around 15 - 20cm
below the ground
level
...
This depends on
the quality of the seed
cane, land preparation
and prevailing
weather conditions
...


Use resistant
varieties
...


Food Value:
Carbohydrate

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
Cropping
Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping
Season:
May to October
Recommended
Varieties:
• Alton
• Redland
Summer taste
• Alafua Large
• Valley Pride
• Raising Sun
No
...
75m to 1
...


Anthracnose: Apply
Mancozeb at 50g/15L of
water
...


Spider (Tomato)
Mite: Apply
Malathion at the rate
of 30ml/15L of water
...


Inter row
cultivation
when plants are
still small
...

Dig, remove and destroy
infected plant
...

Use a two-year rotation
and use resistant
varieties
...


Off season
from
November to
April

Between rows:
1
...


Poultry Manure:
12 tonnes/ha
Broadcast 2 - 3 weeks
after planting
...


Practice
mulching to
control weeds
and retain soil
moisture
...

Leaf mould Mosaic/
Blossom end Root Rot:
Have your soil tested for
corrective measures
...

Fruit worm or Fruit
Borer:
Steward at 7
...

Or Delfin at 14g/15L
of water
...


Yield:
10 to 15 tonnes

Food Value:
Source of
Potassium,
Calcium, Sodium,
Dietary fibre and
Protein
...
Root knot nematode
& Burrowing nematode
- hot water treatment of
planting material at 51
C for 10 min
...

- Proper selection of
seed-choose healthy
seeds
...


10 months after
planting

Planting
time:
September to
October

Plants within
rows: 40cm
Germination:
Require free
drainage

Urea: Apply twice,
second and third
months after planting
and before hilling at
the rate of 312kg/ha)
Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...


Yield: 15 to 25
tonnes
Food Value:
(Powder)
Dietary fibre,
Potassium, Iron,
(very high),
Calcium, Calories,
Magnesium,
Vitamin C,
Thiamin,
Riboflavin, Niacin
...


Urd (Vigna mungo)
Recommended
Varieties

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Recommended
Varieties:

17kg/ha

Fertile soils Between rows:
45cm

Mixture of Blend A &
B at 200kg/ha of each
blend applied as basal
...


• Kiran
• Raikivi

Treated seeds
can be kept
up to six
months
...


Germination:
4 to 6 days after
sowing
Crops should be
irrigated after
planting
...

Soil analysis should be
done before fertilizer
application
...


Disease Control/
Management
Powdery Mildew:
Small white powdery
spots on the upper leaf
surface
...
Pods are
malformed and leaf
defoliation occurs
...
(Sold
as Benlate) twice at 1014 days interval
...

Aphids: Apply
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water or
Bifenthrin at 14 to
18ml/15L of water
...

Yield: 1
...
8
tonnes/ha

Food Value:
Good source of Bcomplex group of
vitamins, Vitamin
C, Iron, Zinc and
Calcium
...
5m – 2
...

(Coconut husk, dry
grass & leaves and
rotten decaying timber
can be safely used as
mulch)

Suppress weeds
with addition of
heavy mulch
...
Poty Virus:
Remove & destroy
infected plants
...


Hand weed
around the plant at
least four times a
year
...


Poor Soil: Apply 20
to 30g of nitrogen and
phosphorus and 60 –
100g potash per vine
per year besides the
organic mulch
...


Wash hands after handling
infected plants
...


Harvest
3 years after
planting continues
to increase in
production for 4 to
5 years when it
reaches peak
production
...


Planting
time:
Can be
planted all
year round
but the best
time is at the
beginning of
the rainy
season where
adequate
moisture
exists in the
soil (January
to March)
...
5m –
3m
(for
shade/support
trees)
...
5m long
sprout in 15-20
days after
planting
...

Fertilizer should not
be applied when it is
too dry
...
Brown stem rot & Rot
of cuttings, Anthracnose,
Root Rot, Tip Rot & Black
Rot: Spray with Ridomil at
60g/15L of water if needed
...


Keep ground clean
...


Yield: 300-600kg
cured beans/ha
...


Remove waterweeds
by hand
...


Germination: 2
weeks after
planting
...


Yield: 5 to 8 tonnes

Food Value:
Dietary fibre,
Potassium,
Calcium, Iron,
Vitamin A and
Vitamin C (very
high)

Watermelon (Cirtullus lanatus)
Fruiting Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Fruiting Season:
Dry Season
Recommended
Varieties:
• Charleston
Grey
• Sugar Baby
• Sugar Delicata
• Farmers Giant
• Empire No
...
5kg 2
...

Mulching with
black plastic or
grass, this will
retain moisture and
also control weeds
...


Aphids: Spray
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...


Planting
Time:
April to
September
during the cool
season but can
be grown all
year round
...

Germination: 6
to 10 days after
sowing

Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress at 2 and 4
weeks after planting
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...

Keep your crop free
from insects to avoid
spread of viral
diseases
...
75
to 7
...

Pumpkin Beetle:
Apply Malathion at
30ml/15L of water
...


Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
Cropping
Season/Recomme
nded Varieties
Cropping
Season:
October to April
or hot/wet climate

Recommended
Variety:
• Local Mumu

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

15kg/ha

Between rows:
3m

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha
Basal at planting

Hand weed or
hoe where
necessary
...


10 to 12 weeks after
planting, pick pods
when still tender
...


Aphids & Red
Spider Mite:
Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water
(Sold as Rogor) or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of
water or Bifenthrin
at 14 to 18ml/15L of
water
...


Germination: 1012 days after
sowing
...

Poultry Manure: 5
tonnes/ha
Mix well in the soil
before planting
...


Yield: 7 to 10
tonnes/ha
Food Value: (Baked)
Protein,
Dietary fibre,
Magnesium, Iron,
Thiamin,
Riboflavin, Niacin,
Vitamin B-complex,
Vitamin C, Zinc and
Calcium
...


Super phosphate:
-200kg/ha and
Murate of potash
200kg/ha at planting
...


Yam Anthracnose &
Dioscorea leaf spot:
If need be spray with
Mancozeb at 50g/15L
of water
...


When vine turns
brown and dies
...

(Sold as Benlate)

(Ridges)
- 200 250g/pieces

Recommended
Varieties:
All Zone
a
...
Vurai Leka
Late Season Wet
Zone:
Kivi, Murapoi,
Uvi-Ni-Futuna,
Beka, Taniela,
Damuni, Viwa,
Vulaleka
Late Season dry &
intermediate zone:
Uvi-ni-Futuna, Kivi,
Murapoi, Beka,
Taniela Vula Leka,
Viwa & Damuni
...
8m

Urea:
200kg/ha in 3 split
applications at 8, 12,
16 weeks after
planting
...


or hand
weeding

Tuber Rot:
Treat wounded ends of
seeds with Mancozeb
at 50g/15L water
...


or Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
...

Apply powder just to
cover the wounded
ends
...

-Dipping of planting
material in Diazinon
at 60ml/15L of
water before
planting
...


Yaqona (Piper methysticum)
Cropping
Season/
Recommended
Varieties
Cropping
Season:
All year round
Recommended
Varieties:
White Varieties:
a
...
Loa kasa balavu
c
...
Dokobona leka
e
...
Matakaro
balavu
g
...
Damu
i
...


Hand
weeding is
recommended

Kava Die Back
Disease:
Use traditional
growing methods:
- remove and destroy
infected plants by
burning & burying
...


Planting time:
All year round
when adequate
moisture exists
in the soil
...


Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer application
...


Grow only on good
soils, with adequate
shade
...

Avoid nematode host
plants
...


- Harvest to
individual
preference
...


Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo)
Cropping
Season/Recomme
nded Varieties
Cropping
Season:
Cool dry but can
be grown all year
round

Recommended
Varieties:
• Marrow
• Black Jack

Seed Rate

Spacing

Fertilizer/Manure

Weed Control/
Management

Disease Control/
Management

Insect Control/
Management

Harvest/Yield/
Food Value

3kg/ha

Between
rows: 1m

NPK: 13:13:21
200kg/ha
Basal at planting
...


Powdery
Mildew:
Apply Benomyl at
10g/15L of water
(Sold as Benlate)

Squash Bug
and 28 Spotted Lady Bird
beetle: Spray Malathion at
30ml/15L water or
Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water or
Bifenthrin at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...


Urea: 100kg/ha
Side dress 3 to 4
weeks after
germination
...

Soil analysis should
be done before
fertilizer
application
...


or Copper
Oxychloride at
60g/15L of water
(Sold as KOPI)

Downey Mildew:
Apply Antracol at
30g/15L water
or Mancozeb at
50g/15L water
...
i at
20g/15L of water (Acephate
is sold as Orthene &
Sunthene)
Aphids: Dimethioate at
15ml/15L of water (Sold as
Rogor) or Suncloprid at 3
...
5ml/15L of water or
Bifenthrin at 14 to 18ml/15L
of water
...
i at
20g/15L of water (Acephate
is sold as Orthene &
Sunthene)

Yield: 8 to 10
tonnes/ha

Food Value: Dietary
fibre, and Vitamin C

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