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Title: Matter, Energy, and Change
Description: Chemistry matter, energy, and change. Chapter 1.
Description: Chemistry matter, energy, and change. Chapter 1.
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Chapter I
Matter, Energy, and Change
Chemistry studies…
1
...
2
...
3
...
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
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Solid has a definite volume and a definite shape
...
Liquid has a definite volume, but an indefinite shape
...
Gas has an indefinite volume and an indefinite shape
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Plasma is produced at very high temperatures
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Bose-Einstein Condensate can only exist at very low temperatures
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Mass is the amount of matter present
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Weight can change
...
Forms of Energy…
1
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Electricity
3
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Mechanical
5
...
Nuclear
Types of energy…
1
...
2
...
The Law of Conservation of Energy - Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but
only changed from one form to another
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All matter has two kinds of properties physical and chemical
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EX
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Extensive Physical properties depend on the amount of matter present
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Mass, Volume, Lengths
b
...
EX
...
EX
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1) A Physical Change can be a change in appearance or physical state, but
not a change in identity
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Reactants are the substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction
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Reactants > Products
Evidences of Chemical Reaction…
1
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2
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3
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4
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Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions…
1
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2
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Respiration – Exothermic
C6H12O6 + 6O2 > 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Photosynthesis – Endothermic
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy > C6H12O6 + 6O2
Classification of Matter
1
...
The components of a mixture can be separated by some type of physical means
...
a
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EX
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A heterogeneous mixture has more than 1 phase (a portion of
matter with the same properties)
...
Homogeneous Mixtures (Solutions) have uniform composition and properties
throughout the mixture
...
Salt Water and Air
2
...
a
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It is made up of only one kind of atom
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Carbon and Hydrogen
b
...
It is made up of two or more elements that are
chemically linked together
...
Water and Sugar
Periodic Table of Elements
- Elements 1-92 are naturally occurring
- Elements 84-92 are radioactive
- Elements 93-118 are man-made and radioactive
- Black elements are solids, blue are liquids, and red are gases
Chemical Symbols to Know
- Sodium – Na
- Potassium – K
- Iron – Fe
- Copper – Cu
- Silver – Ag
- Lead – Pb
Classes of Elements
1
...
Nonmetals
- Dull, Brittle, Non-Conductors of Heat, Non-Conductors of Electricity
3
...
Nuclear change is one in which the identity of
the element itself is changed
...
an atom of Polonium (Po) decays to an atom of Lead (Pb)
...
Title: Matter, Energy, and Change
Description: Chemistry matter, energy, and change. Chapter 1.
Description: Chemistry matter, energy, and change. Chapter 1.