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Title: Aggression (A2 Physical Education)
Description: An in-depth account of the types of aggression, the theories that cause aggression and strategies to increase or reduce aggression. Specifically for students studying A2 Physical Education (AQA) or Psychology in general.
Description: An in-depth account of the types of aggression, the theories that cause aggression and strategies to increase or reduce aggression. Specifically for students studying A2 Physical Education (AQA) or Psychology in general.
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Aggression
Aggression is intentional behaviour which harms another human being and which is outside
the rules and regulations of the sport
...
There are 4 types of aggression:
o Hostile aggression – Aggressive behaviour which is outside the rules and with
a purpose to cause harm or hurt
...
Eg injuring a player in rugby with an over
powerful tackle
...
Assertive behaviour is using physical force and is deemed acceptable and even
encouraged as it is in the rules of the sport and so it is accepted
...
There are 5 different theories as to why we become aggressive
...
Instinct theory: Created by Sigmund Freud it is the idea that aggression is
inherited and that we all have the potential to be aggressive
...
These impulses can either be
released in a positive way (sport) or a negative way (criminal activity)
...
2
...
It then goes on to say that if aggression occurs it then
offers a cathartic release and so frustration is also lowered
...
3
...
(you are aggressive in
particular situations) For example a coach encouraging aggressive behaviour
or perhaps an object such as a baseball bat or a sport which could promote
aggression
...
Social Learning theory of aggression – This is where we observe others
carrying out aggressive behaviour then when we repeat this depending on
the feedback (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and
punishment) from peers we will either repeat or not repeat this aggressive
behaviour
...
Deindividuation theory – Individuals will act differently within a crowd and
usually take on the behaviour of that crowd without taking responsibility for
their own actions
...
Aggressive behaviour can be reduced firstly by punishing the aggressive behaviour by peers
discouraging it or fines issued
...
Or perhaps assertive behaviour could be reinforced by praising others or rewarding
the team and bringing in assertive role models
...
Arousal level can be reduced by channelling aggression and being aware of
aggressive cues for the individual
...
The governing bodies could
educate the referees into how to reduce aggressive cues or maybe educate coaches on how
to reduce aggression levels in players
...
The coach could implement this but substituting players or
moving a player to a different situation
...
Reduces aggression
Allows a cathartic release for individuals
(instinct theory) to release their aggression
in a positive way
...
Increases Aggression
Can attract over stimulated fans who can be
vulnerable to become aggressive
Sport can cause the individual to become
frustrated when goals are not reached which
leads to aggression
Sports can provide cues to become
aggressive (boxing, rugby)
The competition in sport can often turn sour
which can lead to aggressive behaviour as
one side must lose
Title: Aggression (A2 Physical Education)
Description: An in-depth account of the types of aggression, the theories that cause aggression and strategies to increase or reduce aggression. Specifically for students studying A2 Physical Education (AQA) or Psychology in general.
Description: An in-depth account of the types of aggression, the theories that cause aggression and strategies to increase or reduce aggression. Specifically for students studying A2 Physical Education (AQA) or Psychology in general.