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Title: Carbohydrates
Description: The basics on carbohydrates, including: Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides Oligosaccharides
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Module: BIOM – 1006

Lecturer: Dr Rushworth

Date: 03/11/16

Carbohydrates
o

Carbohydrates are compounds made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon
...

 A monosaccharide can be in either acyclical or cyclical form, and example is
glucose, see right:
 some common monosaccharides include:
 Glucose
 Fructose
 Galactose

o

Disaccharides
 These are 2 monosaccharides bonded
together using glyosidic bonds
 They can be made from, for example:
 Glucose + Glucose
 Maltose
 Glucose + Galactose
 Lactose
 Glucose + Fructose
 Sucrose

o

Polysaccharides
 These are 2 or more disaccharides joined together to form a chain
 These chains can be either:
 Branched such as:
o Amylopectin
o Glycogen
 Unbranched such as:
o Amylose

o

Oligosaccharides
 These are short polysaccharides of ~4/5 monosaccharides
 These are used in the Golgi apparatus to modify other molecules into communication
molecules such as:
 Glycolipids
 Glycoproteins
o Such as the CD4+ receptor on TH cells

Title: Carbohydrates
Description: The basics on carbohydrates, including: Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides Oligosaccharides
Buy These NotesPreview