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Title: Atomic Orbitals, Valence Electrons and Ionization
Description: This summary tells us the how electrons are orbiting atoms as well as what happens to them and the atom on the outer most shell and what happens when electrons are removed or added
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Module: BIOM - 1007

Lecturer: Dr Bhambra

Date: 07/10/16

Atomic Orbitals, Valence Electrons, and Ionisation
o

Protons, neutrons and electrons are organised spatially inside the atom
...
This forms an electron cloud, the
electrons themselves however are confined to certain orbitals
 There are 4 types of electron orbital: s, p, d and f
 Each orbital has a different number of lobes (see below)









o

The orbitals vary in shape and the electrons in each have a different distance from the
nucleus
These are further grouped into shells with different numbers of each orbital:
 Shell 1
 1x s orbital
 Shell 2
 1x s orbital and 3x p orbitals
 Shell 3
 1x s orbital, 3x p orbitals and 5x d orbitals
 Shell 4
 1x s orbital, 3x p orbitals, 5x d orbitals and 7x f orbitals
Orbitals can only hold a maximum of 2 electrons, so shell 1 can hold 2 electrons, shell 2 can hold 8
etc
...
g
...
g
Title: Atomic Orbitals, Valence Electrons and Ionization
Description: This summary tells us the how electrons are orbiting atoms as well as what happens to them and the atom on the outer most shell and what happens when electrons are removed or added
Buy These NotesPreview