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Carbohydrates: are digested my using the amylase enzymes present in the mouth where it changes
the carbohydrate to glucose, this can be noticed my keeping a piece of bread long enough in the
mouth as it starts to get sweet
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There
is no further digestion of chyme, as the stomach produces acid which destroys bacteria in the food
and stops the action of the salivary amylase
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In response to chyme being in the duodenum, the pancreas releases the
enzyme pancreatic amylase, which breaks the polysaccharide down into a disaccharide, a chain of
only two sugars linked together
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The monosaccharide are
single sugars that are then absorbed in the small intestine
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Most common type of
lipids are fats and they are mainly dealt with and digested in intestines and more specifically the
small intestine
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Which breaking the lips into these
droplets the surface area increases as new sides are introduced
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The
enzymes of the small intestine are responsible for almost all of the fat digestion
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These products are much easier for your small intestine to handle,
and they have very little trouble being absorbed out of your digestive tract
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k12
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us, (2015)
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[online] Available at: http://www
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k12
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us/academics/bio/
skinny/lipids
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2015]
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The proteins
are used by the body to fix damaged tissues and cells in the body, but before it can do so it needs
to be digested into amino acids and peptides which are the much simpler
version of proteins
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Also the help of pepsin enzyme which takes advantage of
the large surface areas and starts breaking the proteins down
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From there, amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported
throughout the body
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The assimilated materials cross the mucosa into the blood, mostly,
and are taken away in the circulatory system to different parts of the body
for capacity or further substance change
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Extrinsic (outside) nerves come
to the digestive organs from the unconscious part of the brain or from the
spinal cord
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Acetylcholine causes the muscle of the digestive organs
to squeeze with more force and increase the "push" of food and juice
through the digestive tract
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Adrenaline relaxes the muscle
of the stomach and intestine and decreases the flow of blood to these organs
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The macro-nutrients include carbohydrates,
proteins and fats
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When it comes to a healthy diet, balance is the key to getting it
right
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Most adults in Europe are either overweight
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And it's
not just food: most drinks are also high in calories
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All the food we eat can be divided into five groups
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The five groups are:
· Fruit and vegetables
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(bread, rice, potatoes)
·
Eggs, meat, fish (sources of protein)
·
Milk and dairy foods
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1
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Most fruits and vegetables are
low in calories and fat, and high in fibre – three essential ingredients for losing weight
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2
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This means we should base our meals on these foods
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Leave the skins on where possible to keep in
more of the fibre and vitamins
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Try to choose wholegrain or whole-meal varieties of starchy foods, such as brown rice, whole-wheat pasta and brown
whole-meal bread
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3
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They are also good
sources of a range of vitamins and minerals
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It is also one of the main sources
of vitamin B12
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Eggs and pulses (including beans, nuts and seeds) are also great sources of protein
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4
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They also contain calcium, which helps
to keep your bones healthy
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5
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Fats and sugar are both sources of energy for the body, but when we eat too much of them we consume more energy
than we burn, and this can mean that we put on weight
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But there are different types of fat
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It can raise your blood cholesterol
level and increase your risk of heart disease
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Unsaturated fats, on the other hand, can help to lower cholesterol and provide us with the essential fatty acids needed to
help us stay healthy
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Sugar occurs naturally in foods such as fruit and milk, but we don't need to cut down on these types of sugar
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It's also
contained in some ready-made packed foods such as pasta sauces and baked beans
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Instead of a fizzy drink, for example, try sparkling water



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