Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

Parturition

Species

Breed of

Litter size

Cow 283 days

Nutrition

Dam & Sire Sex of foetus

Temperature

Sheep 147 Pig –
114 days
(3 mnths, 3 wks & 3 days )

Humans – 38 weeks

‘The calf determines the day and the cow determines the time of day’
Pathways to pregnancy and parturi tion
...

1
...
Increased reproductive tract secretions esp cervix
Through PGF2 α secretion

Hormones of Late Pregnancy and Birth:

E2 and P4
P4 block – prevents myometrial contractions

Hormones of Late Pregnancy and Birth:

Relaxin

1

Last few weeks of pregnancy
Oestrogen conc
...
PL Senger

Stages of Labour: Animals

2

Stage 1

Stage

Animal seeks solitude
Reduced appetite- ‘Sick for calving/lambing’
Restless- lie down and get up- frequent urination
Uterine contractions- cervix gradually dilates if rush and try to deliver calf
too early can damage cervix/calf

2-6 hours in cows

Rupture
chorioal
membra
beginnin
labour

May be longer in heifers

Stages of Labour: Animals

Stage

Stage 2
Rupture of chorioallantoic and
amniotic membranes
Animal usually lies down
Strong uterine and abdominal
contractions
Delivery of foetus should be front
hooves first with one in front of the
other and muzzle behind calf’s knees
30 mins to 4 hours

Stages of Labour: Animals
Stage 3

Reasons
or both

Delivery of placenta
Should occur 8-12 hours after calving may be retained esp
...

Assessment of the cause
...
60

2:1

3
...
00

B3 = 65-69

calf and potential damage to cow

1:1

B1 = 75-79

Know limitations call vet early to increase likelihood of live

4
...
80

C1 = 60-64

2:2

2
...
40

C3 = 50-54

3rd Honours 2
...
60

D2 = 35-44

Compensating fail

1
...
5 h total
Section A = Plant Physiology
Section B = Animal Physiology
4 essay type questions – Do 2
No choice within questions
Structure your answers well
Link events together

Use diagrams where appropriate
Good luck

4



---