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TCA CYCLE
Course: Elements of Biotechnology
Course code: BTH-312
Instructor: Mariam Saghir
TCA Cycle
*Also known as Krebs cycle
*TCA cycle essentially involves the oxidation
of acetyl CoA to CO2 and H2O
...
*Definition
*Citric acid cycle or TCA cycle or
tricarboxylic acid cycle essentially involves
the oxidation of acetyl CoA to CO2 & H2O
...
in
* Reactions of
TCA cycle
*Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to
acetyl CoA by PDH complex
...
Reactions of TCA Cycle
*Step:1 Formation of citrate
*Oxaloacetate condenses with acetyl CoA to
form Citrate, catalysed by the enzyme
citrate synthase
*Inhibited by:
*ATP, NADH, Citrate - competitive inhibitor
of oxaloacetate
...
*The formation of NADH & the liberation of
CO
occur at this stage
...
*Inhibited by NADH & ATP
* Step: 6
Conversion of a-ketoglutarate
to succinyl CoA
*Occurs through oxidative decarboxylation
catalysed by a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
complex
...
*At this stage of TCA cycle, second NADH is
produced & the second CO2 is liberated
...
*This reaction is coupled with the
phosphorylation of GDP to GTP
...
* Step: 8 Conversion of succinate to
fumarate
*Succinate is oxidized by succinate
dehydrogenase to fumarate
...
*Step: 9 Formation of malate
* The enzyme fumarase catalyses the conversion
of fumarate to malate with the addition of H
* Step:10 Conversion of malate to
oxaloacetate
*Malate is then oxidized to oxaloacetate by
malate dehydrogenase
...
*The oxaloacetate is regenerated which can
combine with another molecule of acetyl
CoA & continue the cycle
...
* Significance of TCA cycle
*Complete oxidation of acetyl CoA
...
*Final common oxidative pathway
...
*Fat is burned on the wick of carbohydrates
...
*Carbon skeleton of amino acids finally enter the TCA
cycle
...
*Operates only under aerobic conditions
...
*Therefore, citric acid cycle is strictly aerobic