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EDEXCEL HIGHER GCSE BIOLOGY TOPIC 8£6.25

Title: Plant & Leaf Notes
Description: These are notes of the basic levels of Plants and Leafs. They consist of information such as the internal organs of a plant and the layers of a leaf.

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Living Environment 2
Mr
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● Phloem aso makes food
...

Most photosynthesis happens in the Mesophyll, the biggest cells
within a leaf
...

● The thicker the cuticle near the lower epidermis, the more
water that can be conserved
...

● Can be bisexual (Male and​ Female)

● May also be individualized (Male or​ Female)

Male part of the Flower - Stamen
● Stamen is divided into:
○ Anther
○ Filament
Female part of the Flower - Pistil
● Ovule - Female Egg
Pollination
● Transfer of Pollen grains from an anther to a stigma
...

○ Two different types of Pollination
◆ Self-Pollination:
● Pollen transfer within the same flower
...

◆ Epicotyl:
● Forms leaves and upper stem
...

◆ Germination:
● Growth of a plant - occurs in meristems
...

◆ Lateral Meristems:
● Increase diameter of roots and stems
○ This results in a wider plant
...

● Aerobic Respiration:
○ Occurs in Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
○ Mitochondria produce - Energy (ATP)
○ C​6​H12​O6​ + O​2​ → 36ATP + CO​2​ + H​2​0


● Anaerobic Respiration:
○ 2 forms of Anaerobic Respiration
◆ Does not​ use oxygen
...

◆ C​6​H12​O6 ​→ Lactic Acid + 2ATP + CO​2​+ H​2​0


○ 2: Alcohol Fermentation:
◆ Alcohol is produced as a byproduct of making
energy (yeast)
● Makes cheese, bread, yogurt, wine,
beer
◆ C​6​H12​O6 ​→ Alcohol + 2ATP + CO​2​+ H​2​0


● Cotyledon: The first leaves to appear from an embryonic
stage developed seed after fertilization
Title: Plant & Leaf Notes
Description: These are notes of the basic levels of Plants and Leafs. They consist of information such as the internal organs of a plant and the layers of a leaf.