Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

Alternative Sources of Energy
1
...

They include coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity
...
At the same time, it is becoming increasingly difficult to discover
new deposits
...

b) Non-conventional sources of energy:
 Solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, geothermal energy, bio-energy and energy we are
getting from wastes are renewable sources
...

 These forms of energy are abundant, renewable, pollution free and eco-friendly
...

 Use of non-conventional forms of energy can serve two purposes:
o Supply of energy in a decentralized system
...

2
...
It reaches the earth from
a distance of about 150 million kilometres, in the form of small wave packets called photons
...

c) Solar Constant: The amount of solar energy reaching per square meter of Earth’s atmosphere is called
Solar Constant
...
36kw in 12 hours of time
...

Conversion of solar energy into heat energy:
o Solar collectors: Solar energy falling on the surface of the earth can be converted
into thermal energy
...
It can be
utilized for various purposes such as heating of water and cooking of food
...

o Solar pond: Is one of the most promising technology in harnessing solar energy
...

India was the first Asian country to have established a solar pond in Bhuj, in
Gujarat
...

Conversion of solar energy into electrical energy:
o Solar Cell: Electric cell that converts energy from sun into electrical energy
...

Uses: Used in the traffic signals in cities, lightening lamps and pumping water and
for other purposes in rural areas
...
Bio-energy:
a)

It includes those process where biological matter such as plants and plant products provide the basis
for energy and its conversion
...


c)

Page | 2

Uses: It maintains an unpolluted environment and reduces the carbon di oxide content in the
atmosphere
...

d) Biogas:
o It contains nearly 70% of methane, an inflammable gas
...

o It helps in obtaining both cooking fuel and enriched manure
...

o How is biogas converted into energy?
Combustion pyrolysis: It is a process of chemical decomposition at high temperature
in total or partial absence of air
...


Bio gasification: It is a process of anaerobic digestion of biomass to produce a
combustible gas called biogas, containing methane and hydrogen
...

e) Bio alternative to diesel:
o Jatropha:
It requires the conversion of crude oil from the seeds to a commercially useful fuel
...

Jatropha is a hard plant which can grow on any type of soil, under any kind of agroclimatic conditions
...
It
grows very fast
...

4
...
Hence, wind energy is a converted form of solar
energy
...

c) Wind turbines are used for the purposes of obtaining wind energy
...

5
...

b) This energy can be converted into mechanical energy and electrical energy
...

d) The cost of conversion per unit, is very high since it requires many special equipment’s to be created
near the sea
...
Give reason
...

6
...
from the surface
...

Geothermal energy has a temperature of about 13000C
...


7
...
Such
wastes can also be converted into energy
...
Choose the correct answer from those given, for the following questions:

Page | 3 1
...
Natural gas
...
c
...

3
...
It increases pollution
...
b
...

II
...
Photo voltaic effect
...
Trans esterification
...
Solar energy
...
Geothermal energy
...
Answer the following questions:
1
...

They include coal, petroleum, natural gas and electricity
...
At the same time, it is becoming increasingly difficult to discover new deposits
...

2
...

3
...

The heat generated can be stored in solar collectors
...

Solar Cells: Electric cell that converts energy from sun into electrical energy
...


4
...
Uses: It maintains an unpolluted environment and reduces the carbon
di oxide content in the atmosphere
...

5
...

6
...
from the surface
...

c) Geothermal energy has a temperature of about 13000C
...


Amit S Mahadik (8867556907, 9901906170)
Belagavi, Karnataka

---