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Title: Homeostasis
Description: These notes outline & describe homeostasis. They also include example questions & answers relating to homeostasis. These notes helped me get a first in the module Exercise Physiology in my first year at University studying Sport and Exercise Science.
Description: These notes outline & describe homeostasis. They also include example questions & answers relating to homeostasis. These notes helped me get a first in the module Exercise Physiology in my first year at University studying Sport and Exercise Science.
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis = the maintenance of a constant internal environment despite fluctuations in external
environment
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How Homeostasis is Achieved
• Intracellular control systems regulate:
o protein synthesis + breakdown
o energy production
o maintenance of stored nutrients
• Organ systems replenish O2 & CO2
o pulmonary system
o cardiac system
Biological Control System
A gain of a control system is the degree to
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Control centre à integrates response
larger the gain the greater the control
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Positive Feedback = response increases initial disturbance in homeostasis
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How does it differ from the term steady state?
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment about a set point, despite
fluctuations in the external environment
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Cite an example of a biological homeostasis control system
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A change in
blood glucose concentrations is detected by alpha and beta cells in the islets of Langerhans, which are
found in the pancreas
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When blood glucose concentration is too low, then alpha cells
release glucagon which causes gluconeogenesis & glycogenolysis so that more glucose is produced and
blood glucose concentration returns to normal
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Briefly explain the role of the sensor, the integrating centre, and the effector organ in a biological control
system
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The sensor (receptors) detect stimuli
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The effector organ produces the desired effect
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Give a biological example of negative feedback
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An example of this is when core body temperature gets too high, thermoreceptors detect the rise in body
temperature and the hypothalamus is the control centre that coordinates the response
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Responses include sweating, skin blood vessels dilating,
and skin hairs lying flat to promote heat loss
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Discuss the concept of gain associated with a biological control system
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The larger the gain, the greater
the control of homeostasis
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Title: Homeostasis
Description: These notes outline & describe homeostasis. They also include example questions & answers relating to homeostasis. These notes helped me get a first in the module Exercise Physiology in my first year at University studying Sport and Exercise Science.
Description: These notes outline & describe homeostasis. They also include example questions & answers relating to homeostasis. These notes helped me get a first in the module Exercise Physiology in my first year at University studying Sport and Exercise Science.