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Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10

Contents
How to solve a problem in Physics
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2
Chapter 1 Force
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1 Formula Quick reference: Force
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3
2
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3
Chapter 3 Machines
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1 Formula and quick reference card:
...
2 Inclined plane and gear
...
7
Chapter 4 Refraction of Light
...
8
Chapter 5 Refraction of Light through a Lens
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9
Chapter 8 Current electricity
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1 Formula and quick reference card:
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2 Electro-Motive force, Terminal voltage and internal resistance of a cell
...
12
Chapter 9 Calorimetry
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2
...

4
...

6
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Read the problem at least twice
Write down what is given in the problem
Draw a diagram Ensure to draw the direction in case of ray diagrams and different forces
...

Simplify your answer
Don’t forget to write the units

Important terms and their units
Term
Length
Mass
Time
Force
Force SI unit to CGS unit conversion
Velocity
Acceleration
Moment of force
Moment of force
Remember

Energy of sub atomic particles

Description
Meters
Kilo gram
Seconds
Newton , CGS unit Dyne
1N = 105 dynes
Meters per second
Meters per second squared
In SI Units its Newton meter
In CGS Units its dyne centimeter
1Nm = 107 dyne cm
1kgf X m = 9
...
746 kW
1 joule = 1 newton X 1 meter
Electrical Energy is expressed as Kilowatt
hour
1eV = 1
...
1 Formula Quick reference: Force
Newton’s second law

Force is directly proportional to the rate of change
of momentum and indirectly proportional to rate
of change of time
Momentum is the product of mass and velocity

Page | 3
Momentum
Change in momentum
Rate of change of
momentum
Rate of change of
momentum

(

)

Force = Mass X Acceleration
1 N = 105 Dynes

Newton is the SI unit and Dyne is CGS Unit

Gravitational unit of
force
Equation of motion

1Nm = 107 dynes cm
1kgf X m = 9
...
1 Formula quick reference: Work power and Energy
Work

Work done = Force X
Displacement
When the work done by the force
when the displacement is not
along the force
When
, example Positive
work done by a force of gravity in
free fall

Work

Positive Work

Zero work done

Negative work done

, when

Work done when a coolie is
carrying some load on his head
moves horizontally
...

Work done is –ve when
Example when a ball is thrown up
in the air
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746 kW
The energy of a body is the ability to
do work
-1

X 3600 s = 3
...
6 X 106 J
Heat energy is usually measured in
calorie
...
5o C to 15
...
It is measured in terms of
electron volt (eV)
1eV = 1
...


Page 4

Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10
Proof

On Simplification
Page | 5
(
(
Types of Kinetic energy

)

)
(

)

Translational kinetic energy

Rotational kinetic energy
Vibrational kinetic energy

Potential energy
Forms of potential
energy

Car moving in a straight
path
Free falling object
Spinning top
Movement to and fro from
a mean position example
plucking a guitar string

Energy possessed by a body at rest
Mechanical potential energy
1
...
Elastic potential energy

Gravitational potential
energy
Energy degradation

Law of conservation of
energy

Conservation of energy and energy degradation
The gradual decrease of useful energy due
to radiation loss, frictional loss etc is called
degradation of energy
Energy can neither be created or
destroyed

Chapter 3 Machines
3
...
2 Inclined plane and gear
Inclined plane

Author Srikanth K S
All rights reserved

A sloping surface that behaves
like a simple machine whose
MA is always greater than 1

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Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10
MA and VR of an inclined plane

VR = MA =

This is true in the absence of friction

Gear

A wheel with teeth around its
rim

Gear Ratio

Gear Ratio =

Where Na is the number of teeth in the
driving and Nb is the number of teeth
in the driven

Page | 7
Relationship between number
of teeth, radius and the speed
of rotation

=

=

Pulley
Single Fixed Pulley

A pulley which has its axis of
rotation fixed in position is
called fixed pulley
MA =

Single Movable pulley

A pulley whose axis of
rotation is not fixed in
position is called a movable
pulley
...

An echo is heard only if the distance between the person producing the sound
and the rigid obstacle is long enough to allow the reflected sound to reach the
person at least 0
...
1 Formula and quick reference card:
Current

Rate of flow of charge

Unit of current

-1
Ampere
Coulomb
If n electrons pass through a cross
section of a conductor in time t, then
the total charge passed through the
conductor is given as

Unit of charge
Flow of current

Potential

Potential at a point

Direction of flow of charge when
two conductors are placed in
contact
...
2 Electro-Motive force, Terminal voltage and internal resistance of a cell
Electro motive force
(EMF)

When no current is drawn from a cell
that is the cell is open, the potential
difference between the terminal o the
cell is called electro motive force (ε)

The EMF of a cell is
defined as the energy
spent per unit charge
in taking a positive
charge around the
complete circuit
Terminal voltage of a
cell

ε =

Voltage drop in a cell
Representation of a
cell with internal
resistance

ε = V +v or V = ε - v

Resistors in series

Effective resistance R = R1 + R2 +
...
The
potential difference between the
electrodes is called terminal voltage
V=

Page 11

Physics Formula guide for ICSE standard 10
Resistors in Parallel

Effective resistance Formula
= + + + …
...

The average internal kinetic energy of molecules of a
substance
One calorie of heat is the heat energy required to raise the
temperature of 1g of water from 14
...
50C
One Kilo calorie of heat is the heat energy required to raise
the temperature of 1Kg of water from 14
...
50C
The heat capacity of a body is the amount of heat energy
required to raise its temperature by 10c or 1K

Specific heat capacity

c=

Principle of
calorimetry
Melting

C=

Heat energy lost by A is equal to the heat energy gained by B
m1c1 (t1 – t) = m2 c2 (t – t2)
Change of state from solid to liquid
...
The temperature at which
this state change happens is called boiling point

Boiling

Author Srikanth K S
All rights reserved

Joules/ kelvin

Page 12



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