Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

EX 111
Spring 2017
Chapter 10 Objectives:
 Be able to explain the four steps of the respiratory (and cardiovascular) system
o Internal vs
...
)
o Explain Fick’s Law and how that relates to diffusion of gases in the alveoli
 Fick’s law: diffusion rate through tissues is equal to the proportion
of the tissues’ areas, diffusion coefficient of gases, and diffusion in
partial pressures of gas, and inversely proportional to tissue
thickness (alveoli thickness is minuscule and has large surface
area, needs to diffuse fast)
o Explain Henry’s Law and how that relates to diffusion of gases into the
blood
 Henry’s law: gases dissolve in liquids in proportion to the partial
pressure of the gas (as long as temperature and solubility are more
or less consistent, O2 dissolves faster in deoxygenated blood)
o Be able to explain the diffusion of gases (including partial pressure
differences) at the following places:
 Oxygen exchange in the alveoli
 O2 moves into the alveoli and to the deoxygenated blood
because it has a smaller partial pressure in the blood,
follows the gradient
 Carbon dioxide exchange in the alveoli




CO2 moves to gaseous form from deoxygenated blood
because it has a larger partial pressure in the blood and
moves to the smaller pressure
 Oxygen exchange at the tissues
 O2 moves to the tissues from the blood because the tissues
have a partial O2 pressure that is smaller than in the blood
 Carbon dioxide exchange at the tissue
 CO2 moves into the blood because of the smaller CO2
pressure in the blood than in the tissue
Blood flow through the lungs:
o List the sequence of blood flow (chambers, valves, and vessels) from the
heart to the lungs and back to the heart
 Inspired air, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle,
aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins, right
ventricle, right atrium, vena cava, lungs, expired air
o What makes this system a “low pressure system”?
 There is low resistance in the flow of blood through the system
 How does exercise affect the pressure of this system?
 Further lowers the pressure, making resistance go down
because of the opening of vessels
o Define ventilation: the exchange of air between the blood and the lungs,
trading O2 for CO2 in the alveoli
o Define perfusion: blood flow (to the alveoli for gas exchange)
o What is the V/Q ratio?
 Ratio between blood flow and ventilation, ideally 1

---