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Keefe Ng 16S74
Hwa Chong Institution
H2 Biology
Chapter 1: Lipids
Learning Outcomes:
I
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II
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III
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IV
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Introduc3on
Lipids are insoluble in water but highly soluble in non-polar solvents
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Glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol with each carbon bearing a hydroxyl group (OH)
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They have long carbon skeletons, with many non-polar C–H bonds
giving it its hydrophobic nature
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There is a kink whenever a
double bond occurs
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1 – saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
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Last Modified: 22/07/2017
2
Keefe Ng 16S74
Hwa Chong Institution
H2 Biology
Figure 1
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The melting point increases with the hydrocarbon chain length due to the stronger hydrophobic
interactions between the chains
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Table showing the structures of triglycerides and their respective functions
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energy upon oxidation and are efficient
energy stores
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have extra weight from hydration
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around vital organs, protecting against
impact
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The two fatty acids are linked to the alcohol via ester
linkages while phosphate group is linked via phosphoester linkage
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3 – structure of a phospholipid
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Structure
Function
1 Phospholipids are amphipathic – with
Phospholipids may form:
1
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2
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hydrophilic phosphate ‘heads’ and
hydrophobic fatty acid ‘tails’
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3 Most phospholipids contain choline
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[KIV Chapter 6: Cell Membrane
and Transport Across Membrane (Page)]
Choline is important for synthesis of
acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter