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Microbiology Practice Test 1
1) The significance of the plasma membrane is that
A) it selectively allows some molecules to pass into the organism
B) it prevents movement of molecules out of the organism
C) it is the site of protein synthesis
D) all of the above
2) The most commonly encountered bacteria are roughly spherical
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What is the function of ribosomes?
A) Site of energy production
B) Site of protein synthesis
C) Site of genetic reproduction
5) What is a plasmid?
A) Self-replicating segment of double stranded DNA
B) Self-replicating segment of single stranded RNA
C) A bacterial chromosome
6) Bacteria do not always swim aimlessly but are attracted by such nutrients such as sugar and amino
acids, and are repelled by harmful substances and bacterial waste products
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B) have large amounts of teichoic acids
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D) all of the above are true
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B) lipoproteins stretch the outer membrane
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D) the core polysaccharide spans the lipid bilayer
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B) protect the cell from osmotic pressures
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D) block the effects of antibiotics like penicillin
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B) They can prevent desiccation of bacteria cells
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D) They help bacteria resist phagocytosis by macrophages
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B) cause bacteria move through fluids
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D) are pathways for the secretion of exoenzymes
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B) They are constructed largely of a single protein called flagellin
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D) They use cytoplasmic ATP as their primary energy source
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B) The speed of rotation is faster when the bacterium is headed the correct way
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D) The bacterium does not control the direction of its swimming
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B) Making long, uninterrupted runs when conditions are good
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D) Stopping movement when conditions are good
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B) Help the bacterium to differentiate into faster growing stages of bacteria
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D) Allow the bacterium to survive extended periods of heat or dryness
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B) heating media prevented microbial growth
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D) the experimenter could look for contamination without disturbing the experiment
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B) Louis Pasteur for the prevention of rabies
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D) Robert Koch for the prevention of tuberculosis
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B) isolate microorganisms from diseased animals
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D) develop vaccines for specific diseases
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B) the microorganisms is always found in diseased animals
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D) the microorganism must secrete a toxin in culture
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B) ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins
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D) endocytic vacuoles fuse with lysosomes
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B) allow ribosomes to enter the nuclear matrix
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D) structurally reinforce the nuclear membrane
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B) eucaryotes only
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30) The flow of genetic material in microbial cells usually proceeds from
A) Proteins through RNA to DNA
B) RNA through DNA to proteins
C) DNA through RNA to proteins
31) A new copy of a DNA molecule is precisely synthesized during a process called
A) translation
B) transcription
C) replication
32) The enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA is called
A) helicase
B) DNA gyrase
C) DNA Polymerase III
D) RNA Polymerase
33) The actual process of protein synthesis takes place on ribosomes that serve as workbenches, with
_____________ acting as the blueprint or template
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2
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4
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6
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8
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Believed microbes developed spontaneously from chicken broth
10
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First vaccine – smallpox
12
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Semmelweis
B
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Needham
D
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Fleming
F
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Jenner
H
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Hooke
J
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van Leeuwenhoek
L
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Fungi

Protozoa

Archaea
Eukaryotic

Algae

Viruses

Bacteria

Parasitic Worms

Prokaryotic

Non-living

Match the Bacterial Shapes & Arrangements
_____ Division in one plane; cocci arranged in pairs
_____ Division in one plane; cocci arranged in chains
_____ Division in two planes; cocci arranged in a square of four
_____ Division in one plane; rods completely separate after division
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bacillus
B
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spirochete
D
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vibrio

_____ Division in one plane; rods arranged in chains
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streptococcus

_____ A comma shaped bacterium
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staphylococcus

_____ A thin, flexible spiral
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Draw & Label
Gram – Positive Bacteria:

H
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tetrad
J
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Diagram the process of sporulation

Short Answer Questions
1
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What are the advantages of sporulation?

3
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If E
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Look at the primary structure of amino acids below
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Highlight the peptide bonds
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How many water molecules would be produced from the dehydration synthesis reaction?
c
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