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Title: Goal-Setting in Sport
Description: - Psychological skills - Defining goal setting - Outcome goals, Performance goals and Process goals (Kingston and Hardy, 1997; Burton and Naylor, 2002) - Paradox of a 'process' goal - Goal setting (difficulty, specificity, proximity, goal-commitment)
Description: - Psychological skills - Defining goal setting - Outcome goals, Performance goals and Process goals (Kingston and Hardy, 1997; Burton and Naylor, 2002) - Paradox of a 'process' goal - Goal setting (difficulty, specificity, proximity, goal-commitment)
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Week 4
Psychological skills
Needs assessment (triangulation)
• Interviews (athletes, team, significant others)
• Performance profiling
• Observation
Characteristics needed by professional teams;
• Amount of effort
• The degree of perseverance
• Performance
Goal Setting;
“What an individual/team is trying to accomplish; the objective or aim of an action (Locke,
1981)
Goal setting à Direct attention, Mobilize effort & intensity, Encourage persistence ( leading
to performance), development of new learning strategies
Encourage persistence; (cognitive view)
• Motivation
• Anxiety
• Confidence
• Goal effects on GS style
Outcome goals (other-referenced)
- Winning, or beating an opponent
Performance goals (self-referenced)
- Exceeding personal performance standards
Process goals (self-referenced)
- Focus on aspects of the task
- Technique, self-regulation
(Kingston & Hardy, 1997; Burton & Naylor, 2002)
Self-referenced (performance) goals more adaptive than norm-referenced (outcome) goals
Title: Goal-Setting in Sport
Description: - Psychological skills - Defining goal setting - Outcome goals, Performance goals and Process goals (Kingston and Hardy, 1997; Burton and Naylor, 2002) - Paradox of a 'process' goal - Goal setting (difficulty, specificity, proximity, goal-commitment)
Description: - Psychological skills - Defining goal setting - Outcome goals, Performance goals and Process goals (Kingston and Hardy, 1997; Burton and Naylor, 2002) - Paradox of a 'process' goal - Goal setting (difficulty, specificity, proximity, goal-commitment)