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Title: Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Description: A quick 4 page typed notes of the special senses. Touch, taste, smell, etc.
Description: A quick 4 page typed notes of the special senses. Touch, taste, smell, etc.
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Chapter 17:
The Special Senses
17-1
Olfaction, the sense of smell, involves olfactory receptors
responding to chemical stimuli
Olfaction) the sense of smell
...
They are
made up of 2 layers: the olfactory epithelium and the lamina propria
...
Olfactory epithelium) contains the olfactory receptor cells: supporting cells, and
basal cells: for regenerating
...
Olfactory glands) consists of areolar tissue, numerous blood vessels, and nerves
...
Olfactory Receptors
These are highly modified neurons
...
The knob is a base for up to 20 cilia-shaped dendrites
that extend into the surrounding mucus
...
1
Chapter 17:
Olfactory Discrimination
The human olfactory system can distinguish about 2000-4000 chemical stimuli
...
Mercaptan) the odorant commonly added to natural gas, propane, and butane
...
Are distributed over the superior surface of the tongue
and adjacent portions of the pharynx and larynx
...
An adult has about 10,000 taste buds
...
↓
↓
The 4 types og lingual papillae:
1
...
Fungiform:
3
...
Follate:
Provide friction that helps the tongue move objects around in the mouth, but
do not contain taste buds
...
Each large, contains as
many as 100 taste buds
Folds found on the lateral margins of the posterior tongue
2
Chapter 17:
Taste Receptors
Each taste bud contains about 40-100 receptor cells and many small stem cells, called basal cells
...
Gustatory receptor cells) what the cells ↑
at the last stage are called
...
Taste pore) a narrow opening
...
Gustatory Pathways
Taste buds are innervated by cranial nerves VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus)
...
Gustatory Discrimination
Primary Taste Sensations:
• Sweet
• Salty
• Sour
• Bitter
Two Additional Taste Sensations:
•
Umami: (Japanese for deliciousness) is a pleasant savory taste corresponding to the flavor of
beef broth, chicken broth, and Parmesan cheese
...
Sensory output of these receptors is processed in the
hypothalamus
...
Our eyes contain our visual receptors
...
These structures include
the eyelids, and the superficial epithelium of the eye, as well as structures involved with the production,
secretion, and removal of tears
...
Their continuous blinking keeps the surface of
the eye lubricated
...
4
Title: Chapter 17 The Special Senses
Description: A quick 4 page typed notes of the special senses. Touch, taste, smell, etc.
Description: A quick 4 page typed notes of the special senses. Touch, taste, smell, etc.