Notesale: Turn your study into money

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• The creation of new cells is at the moment impossible
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• Spontaneous generation is the formation of living organisms from non-living matter
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Viruses are produced form simpler subunits but they don't consist of cells
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• Louis Pasteur boiled water containing yeast and sugar
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• He passed air through a pad of cotton wool in a tube to filter out microscopic particles which
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included bacteria and fungi spores
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In another experiment Pasteur placed samples of broth in flasks with long necks and then melted
the glass of the neck in different shapes
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The broth in the boiled flasks were in contact with air but nothing grew on it
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The mixture was thought to be

representative of the Earth’s early atmosphere
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They found that amino acids and other carbon compounds needed for life were
produced
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Assembly of carbon compounds into polymers: A possible site for the origin of the first
carbon compounds is around deep sea vents
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These chemicals represent readily access of energy, a source of energy for these carbon
compounds
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Formation of membranes: If phospholipids or other amphipathic carbon compounds were
among the first carbon compound they would have been naturally assembled into bilayers
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This would have allowed different internal chemistry from that of the
surroundings to develop
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Development of a mechanism for inheritance: Living organisms currently have genes made
of DNA and use enzymes as catalysts
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However, for enzymes to be made, genes are needed
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It
can store information as DNA and it is both
self-replicating and can itself act as a catalyst
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• Mitochondria were once free-living prokaryotic organisms that had developed aerobic
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respiration
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The larger prokaryote and the mitochondria were once in a mutualistic relationship which both
benefited
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Endosymbiosis also explains the origin of chloroplasts
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