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Chapter

1

The Living World
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1
...
Answer (3)
Growth, repair and reproduction are the result of cell division
...


Mark the incorrect pair
...
Answer (3)
Amoeba divides by binary fission
3
...
Answer (2)
Reproduction is absent in sterile organism like mule, hinny, sterile/infertile human couples, worker bees etc
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Mark the incorrect statement w
...
t
...

(1) Microbes exhibit the metabolism
(2) It is the property of all living forms
(3) The metabolic reactions can be demonstrated in-vitro
(4) It is not a defining feature of life forms

Sol
...

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The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

Non-living objects exhibit/show
(1) Property of self-replication

(2) Evolution

(3) Self-regulating interactive systems

(4) Reversible growth

Sol
...


Which statement is false about the growth shown by non-living objects?
(1) The growth occurs from outside
(2) The growth is reversible
(3) The growth is due to the accumulation of material on the surface
(4) The growth is intrinsic

Sol
...

7
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Answer (4)
Local names of various plants and animals are non-universal
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Which of the following is incorrect w
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t
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Answer (4)
In Binomial nomenclature, genus always starts with a capital letter
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What do A, B and C represent in the given scientific name respectively?
Mangifera

indica

Linn

C

B

A

(1) Generic name, specific name and author’s name
(2) Specific name, generic name and author’s name
(3) Author’s name, specific name and generic name
(4) Generic name, author’s name and specific name
Sol
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Which of the following is incorrect regarding scientific names?
(1) These are also known as common names
(2) These ensure that each organism has only one name
(3) These have two components – the generic name and specific epithet
(4) These are universally accepted names
Sol
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11
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Answer (2)
Every living organism has one scientific name with two components
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Which of the following is incorrect w
...
t
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Answer (2)
Two different species cannot breed together to produce fertile offsprings
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Taxonomy deals with
(1) Development of zoological parks
(2) Study of kinds and diversity of microorganisms only
(3) Evolutionary relationships between organisms
(4) Classification of diverse organisms in different taxa
Sol
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14
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Answer (3)
In scientific names author's name is optional and written in abbreviated roman
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4

The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

15
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Answer (4)
Correct sequence of taxonomic study is
Characterisation  Identification  Nomenclature  Classification
(First)

(Last)

16
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Answer (2)
Fact based
17
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(1) Division  Kingdom  Genus  Order

(2) Species  Genus  Family  Order

(3) Class  Order  Family  Division

(4) Kingdom  Class  Species  Order

Sol
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Species  Genus  Family Order
18
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Answer (1)
Mammalia

–

Class

Sapindales

–

Order

Primata

–

Order

Poales

–

Order

19
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(1) Class

(2) Genus

(3) Species

(4) Order

Sol
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Fill in the blanks A and B
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Answer (3)
Fact based
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Match the following columns
Column-I

Column-II

a
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Generic name

(ii) Muscidae

c
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Systema naturae
(1) a(i), b(iii), c(iii), d(ii)

(2) a(i), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)

(3) a(ii), b(i), c(i), d(iii)

(4) a(iii), b(i), c(ii), d(i)

(3) Order and Phylum

(4) Kingdom and Class

Sol
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Genus is a category which comes in between the
(1) Family and Species

(2) Class and Family

Sol
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Three different genera Solanum, Petunia and Datura are placed in the family
(1) Poaceae

(2) Anacardiaceae

(3) Hominidae

(4) Solanaceae

Sol
...
Cat and dog are placed in which families respectively
(1) Felidae and Hominidae

(2) Muscidae and Felidae

(3) Poaceae and Canidae

(4) Felidae and Canidae

Sol
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Which one of the following criteria is/are essential and form the basis of classical taxonomic studies?
(1) Ecological information of organisms

(2) Development process

(3) External and internal structure

(4) External structure

Sol
...

External and internal structure
Developmental process
Ecological information of organisms
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In which of the following pair of category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa
at the same level, thus the problem of classification becomes more complex?
(1) Genus and species

(2) Tribe and genus

(3) Division and phylum

(4) Species and family

Sol
...
In taxonomic hierarchy, which of the following group of taxa will have less number of similarities as compared
to other?
(1) Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae and Poaceae

(2) Polymoniales, Poales and Sapindales

(3) Solanum, Petunia and Atropa

(4) Leopard, tiger and lion

Sol
...

28
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Answer (2)

Class
Order
Family

Lower to Class Rank

Genus
Species
29
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Answer (1)

Morphological feature
Similar

One biological species

Fundamentally
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A place used for storing, preservation and exhibition of both plants and animals is known as
(1) Herbaria

(2) Botanical Garden

(3) Museum

(4) Zoos

Sol
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Herbarium consists of
(1) Collection of living plants
(2) Collection of plant and animal specimens preserved in the containers
(3) Preserved insects in boxes after collecting killing and pinning
(4) Herbarium sheets carrying dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens on them
Sol
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32
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Answer (4)
NBRI is a botanical garden, collection of living plants for reference
...
Key is
(1) A form of herbaria
(2) A type of educational institute
(3) A taxonomical aid used for identifying various organisms
(4) Taxonomic category
Sol
...

34
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Answer (3)
Zoological parks, animals are kept in protected environments under human care
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For identifying organisms through key usually
(1) Two contrasting characters are used

(2) One similar character is studied

(3) Two or more similar characters are used

(4) Only one statement called lead is used

Sol
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Select correct statement for growth as one of the characteristic of living organisms
...
Answer (3)
Intrinsic growth is a characteristic of all living organisms while in non-living thing extrinsic growth is possible/
occurred
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Reproduction is synonymous with growth in
(1) Most of the fungi and Planaria

(2) Desmids, diatoms and protozoans

(3) Cyanobacteria, fungi and mosses

(4) Mosses, algae and hydra

Sol
...

3
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Answer (2)
Carolus Linnaeus’s contribution in taxonomy is – Binomial nomenclature
4
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Answer (4)
Binomial epithet has – two Latin names followed by author's name in Roman
...


Systematics is the study of
(1) Diversity amongst groups of organisms

(2) Grouping of organisms

(3) Identification and grouping of organisms

(4) Identification, classification and taxonomy

Sol
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6
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

The Living World

9

Sol
...


Which one of the following is the first publication of Carolus Linnaeus?
(1) Systema Naturae

(2) Classes Plantarum

(3) Hortus Cliffortianus

(4) Hortus Upplandicus

Sol
...


Scientific name Rattus rattus is an example of
(1) Binomial nomenclature

(2) Tautonyms

(3) Synonyms

(4) Both (1) & (2)

Sol
...


Given organisms belongs to how many genera?

Wheat, Brinjal, Potato, Lion, Dog, Tiger
(1) Three

(2) Two

(3) Four

(4) Five

Sol
...
Organisms which can freely interbreed and produce fertile offspring and have similar coded information or blue
print for making these organisms are called
(1) Species

(2) Tribe

(3) Genus

(4) Sub-genus

Sol
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10

The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

11
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Answer (2)
Hierarchy of taxonomic categories
Kingdom  Division  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species
12
...
Answer (2)
Reproductively isolated two species – Not interfertile
13
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Answer (1)
Polytypic genus – A genus having many species
14
...
Answer (4)
Orders have less similarities than family, genus and species
...
In which of the following pair of category, greater is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa
at the same level, thus, the problem of classification becomes more complex?
(1) Genus and species

(2) Variety and genus

(3) Division and phylum

(4) Species and family

Sol
...

16
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Answer (1)
Rice, Cereals, Monocots, Plants
Species Family

Class

Kingdom

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The equivalent rank of Carnivora in taxonomic categories of man and housefly is respectively
(1) Homo and Musca

(2) Hominidae and Muscidae

(3) Mammalia and Insecta

(4) Primata and Diptera

Sol
...
All given are suffixes used for category class, except
(1) -phyta

(2) -opsida

(3) -phyceae

(4) -ae

Sol
...
Biological concept of species was given by ________ and it is based on ________
(1) Lamarck; physiological isolation

(2) Linnaeus; morphological isolation

(3) Ernst Mayr; mechanical isolation

(4) Ernst Mayr; reproductive isolation

Sol
...
Which category comes after phylum in descending order in taxonomic hierarchy?
(1) Genus

(2) Family

(3) Class

(4) Species

Sol
...
Order primata and carnivora are placed in the same class, i
...

(1) Hominidae

(2) Mammalia

(3) Insecta

(4) Chordata

Sol
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Fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds are kept in the same
(1) Order

(2) Class

(3) Genus

(4) Phylum

Sol
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12

The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

23
...
r
...
Panthera leo
(1) Common name of tiger

(2) Panthera represents generic name

(3) leo represents specific epithet

(4) Panthera represents higher level of taxon than leo

Sol
...

24
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Answer (2)
Potato and Brinjal are a group of related species
...
Class mammalia consists of
(1) Order carnivora only

(2) Families like felidae and canidae only

(3) Related orders like carnivora, primata, etc
...
Answer (3)
Order

Class

Carnivora

Mammalia

Primata
26
...
Answer (3)
Class

Division

Dicot

Angiosperm

Monocot

Angiosperm

27
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Answer (3)

28
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Answer (2)
Various taxonomic categories are distinct biological entities
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Plants belonging to different classes, with a few similar characters are assigned to a category called
(1) Phylum

(2) Order

(3) Division

(4) Genus

Sol
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Amongst the given taxonomic aids, how many are associated with preservation of specimens?
Monograph, Flora, Key, Museums, Botanical
gardens, Catalogoue, Herbarium, Manual

(1) One

(2) Three

(3) Two

(4) Four

Sol
...
Which of the following chemicals is used for poisoning the specimens in herbarium technique?
(1) Hg2Cl2

(2) AgNO3

(3) HCl

(4) HgCl2

(3) 42 × 20 cm

(4) 39 × 28 cm

Sol
...
The international size of herbarium sheet is
(1) 41 × 29 cm

(2) 40 × 30 inches

Sol
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Find the correct sequence of various steps of herbarium technique
a
...
Poisoning

c
...
Labelling

e
...


Deposition

g
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Answer (1)
Correct sequence
Collection  Drying  Poisoning  Mounting  Stitching  Labelling  Deposition
34
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Ex-situ conservation

(i) Central national Herbarium

b
...
Preserved plants and animals

(iii) Flora

d
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14

The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

Sol
...
Live specimens are used for reference in taxonomic studies in
(1) Museum

(2) Zoological parks

(3) Botanical gardens

(4) More than one option is correct

Sol
...


Which one of the following is not a correct statement?

[NEET-2013]

(1) Botanical gardens have collection of living plants for reference
(2) A museum has collection of photographs of plants and animals
(3) Key is a taxonomic aid for identification of specimens
(4) Herbarium houses dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens
Sol
...

2
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Answer (4)
3
...
Answer (4)
Increase in mass from inside only is an exclusive characteristic of living things
...


The living organisms can be unexceptionally distinguished from the non living things on the basis of their ability for
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Growth and movement
(2) Responsiveness to touch
(3) Interaction with the environment and progressive evolution
(4) Reproduction

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Answer (2)
Defining features are
 Metabolism
 Consciousness
 Cellular structure
5
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Answer (3)
ICBN  International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
...


Two plants can be conclusively said to belong to the same species if they:

[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]

(1) Have same number of chromosomes
(2) Can reproduce freely with each other and form seeds
(3) Have more than 90 per cent similar genes
(4) Look similar and possess identical secondary metabolites
Sol
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7
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Answer (3)
Biosystematics – Classification based on their ontogeny and phylogeny
...


The common characteristics between tomato and potato will be maximum at the level of their
(1) Genus

(2) Family

(3) Order

(4) Division

Sol
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9
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Answer (1)
Taxonomic hierarchy, step-wise arrangement of all categories for classification of plants and animals
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16

The Living World

Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

10
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Answer (2)
Taxon is the unit of taxonomy
...
The closely related morphologically similar sympatric populations, but reproductively isolated, are designated
as
(1) Clones

(2) Sibling species

(3) Clines

(4) Demes

Sol
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Which of the following is least general in characters as compared to genera?
(1) Species

(2) Division

(3) Class

(4) Family

Sol
...

13
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Answer (1)
Species is real basic unit of classification
...
Which of the following is not true for a species?
(1) Members of a species can interbreed
(2) Gene flow does not occur between the populations of a species
(3) Each species is reproductively isolated from every other species
(4) Variations occur among members of a species
Sol
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15
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Answer (3)
Botanical gardens – Ex-situ conservation of germplasm
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Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)

The Living World

17

SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1
...

R : Species is the basic taxonomic category
...
Answer (2)
Assertion & Reason both are corect but not explanation of assertion
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A : Panthera is a polytypic genera
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Sol
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3
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R : The families of an order show close resemblance in certain fundamental features and also in evolutionary
trends
...
Answer (1)
Assertion and reason both are correct and also correct explanation
...


A : Biological concept of species is based on reproductive isolation
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Sol
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5
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R : Out of the two or more scientific names given to the organism, the oldest name is recognized as valid name
and other names are recognised as synonyms
...
Answer (1)
Assertion and Reason both are correct and correct explanation
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A : Botanical gardens are ex-situ conservation strategy of plants
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Sol
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7
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R : Both A and B are different in correlated characters
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Answer (1)
Assertion and Reason both are correct and also gives correct explanation
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18
8
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R : Because the reproductive isolation constitutes the most important boundary between different species
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Answer (1)
Species is a genetically closed system because the reproductive isolation constitutes the most important
boundary between different species
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A : Scientific names for plants have been standarized through ICBN
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Sol
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10
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R : It protects the specimen from the moisture
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Answer (3)
HgCl2 protects the specimen from the microbes
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