Notesale: Turn your study into money

Document Preview

Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above

---

​TRAUMA 

28/11/17
Week 6: The Trauma Patient
AM - Trauma:

-

Introduction:
Definition: A blunt or penetrating external force exerted on the body resulting in injury ​or
serious and often multiple injuries where there is a strong possibility of death or disability
Facts: 12,500 people die yearly after injury, it is the leading cause of death among children and
young adults of 44 years and under, there are also millions of non-fatal injuries each year
...


-

Trauma Centers:
Major trauma centers were set up to provide specialised trauma care and rehabilitation
There are 27 major trauma centers in England that treat adults and children
Patient's who have ISS greater than 8 are treated in a MTC

-

​TRAUMA 

28/11/17

-

-

-

-

-

-

The Trauma Team:
Team leader
Anaesthetic Assistant
Orthopaedic Surgeon
Two/three nurses
Porters, haematologist

- Anaesthetist
- General Surgeon
- Emergency Room physician
- Radiographer scribe (nurse/doctor)
- Biochemist
https://youtu
...
Airway (maintenance) and cervical spine protection
2
...
Circulation with hemorrhage control
4
...
Exposure and Environmental Control (e
...
9% Normal Saline is another alternative, too much shouldn’t be used otherwise
it can result in metabolic acidosis

28/11/17

-

​TRAUMA 

​ econdary Survey and Management:
S
After life threatening injuries have been treated then a secondary comprehensive survey is completed
Detailed A&E Assessment
Use of AMPLE to obtain comprehensive data required for treatment and admission details
Full pain assessment

PM - Musculoskeletal System & Fractures:

-

-

-

-

Introduction - Facts​:
206 bones in the adult human
The skeleton, the joints, tendons, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels and nerves work
together to provide basic movement and protection
Ligaments = bone to bone
Bone Anatomy:
Covered with periosteum, a tough fibrous connective tissue that contains blood vessels
which transport blood and nutrients into the bone to nurture the bone cells
Periosteum also contains lymph vessels and nerves
...
g sacro-iliac joint and synovial e
...

Growth and Repair:
- It is living tissue and requires oxygen for metabolism, nutrition for growth and repair
Fracture:

28/11/17

-

-

​TRAUMA 

- A break in bone continuity,
- Classified according to type, complexity and location of break
...
(simple, comminuted and open fractures)
Symptoms:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Deformity
- Bony tenderness and/or bruising at the fracture site
- Crepitus (grating sound)
Stages of Bone Healing:
1
...
Soft callus formation (when swelling is decreased)
3
...
Bone remodelling

Treatment of fractures:
- Reduction to restore normal alignment of the bone
- Immobilisation to ensure reduced position is maintained till bone union has occurred

---