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The Living World 1

Points to Remember
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3
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Reproduction and growth are NOT de®ning properties
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Living organisms are self-replicating, evolving and self-regulating
interactive and systems capable of responding to external stimuli
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Biodiversity : Term used to refer to the variety of microorganisms, plant
and animals on earth
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Need for classification : To organise the vast number of microorganisms,
plants and animals into categories that could be named, remembered, studied
and understood
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Three Domains of Life : Proposed by Carl Woese in 1990 who also proposed
the six kingdom classi®cation for living organisms
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1 Kingdom
Archaea 1
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Eutacteria
of life 3
Eukarya 3
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Fungi
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Animalia
2 Biology Class - 11

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Terms was proposed by Carolus
Linnaeus who wrote ‘Systema Naturae’
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Concept of Species : All the members that can interbreed among themselves
and can produce fertile offsprings are the members of same species
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e
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11
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Kingdom

Phylum /Division

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species
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Binomial Nomenclature : Given by Carolus Linnaeus
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)
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)
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First word is genus, second word is species name
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First word starts with capital letter while species name written in small
letter
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Scientific names of some organisms :
Man
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Musca domestica
Mango
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Triticum aestivum
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The Living World 3

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Example : Royal Batanical garden Kew (England), National Botanical
Research Institute (Lucknow), Indian Botanical Garden Howrah
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Keys (Used for indenti®cation of plants and animals on the basis of similarities
and dissimilarities
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Couplet are the two alternate characteristic statement used in key to identify
organisation
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Each Statement of the key is called a lead
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Flora (Index to plant species found in a particular area
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Manuals (Provide information for identi®cation of name of species in an
area
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Mongoraphs (Contain information on any one taxon

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