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Dr
...
It is normal for blood pressures to change when you sleep, wake up, or
are excited or nervous
...

However, once the activity stops, your blood pressure returns to your normal baseline range
...
Newborn babies often have very low blood
pressure numbers that are considered normal for babies, while older teens have numbers similar to
adults
...
The following table outlines and defines high blood pressure severity levels
...


Systolic (top
number)

Normal

Less than 120

Diastolic
(bottom
number)

and

Used to be <130
Prehypertension

Less than 80

Stage 2 hypertension
The Stage 3
hypertension

Keep up the good work!

Used to be <85

120-139

or

80-89

Change health habits
...
Reduce salt
in your diet
...
Moderate alcohol
consumption might help, too
...


140-159

or

90-99

Change health habits and take a
blood pressure medication,
probably starting with a diuretic
...
) then a
different drug (beta blocker,
ACE inhibitor, etc
...


160 and higher

or

100 and higher Change health habits and take
two blood pressure medications,
Used to be 100- usually a diuretic and something

Blood pressure in this
category used to be
considered highnormal
...
AF

category has been
eliminated
...


Only one of the numbers has to be higher or lower than it should be to count as either high blood
pressure or low blood pressure:






90 over 60 (90/60) or less: You may have low blood pressure
...

More than 120 over 80 and less than 140 over 90 (120/80-140/90): You have a normal blood
pressure reading but it is a little higher than it should be, and you should try to lower it
...

140 over 90 (140/90) or higher (over a number of weeks): You may have high blood pressure
(hypertension)
...


So:





If your top number is 140 or more - then you may have high blood pressure, regardless of your
bottom number
...

If your top number is 90 or less - then you may have low blood pressure, regardless of your
bottom number
...
In most people, systolic blood
pressure rises steadily with age due to increasing stiffness of large arteries, long-term build-up of
plaque, and increased incidence of cardiac and vascular disease (American Heart Association, 2014)

Dr
...
g
...
g
...

- Suspected pheochromocytoma ( headaches, palpitations/ pallor)
- Consider the need for the specialist investigations in people with signs and
symptoms suggesting secondary cause of hypertension
- For people aged under 40 years with stage 1 hypertension and no evidence of target
organ damage, cardiovascular disease, renal disease or diabetes, consider seeking
specialist evaluation of secondary causes of hypertension and a more detailed
assessment of potential target organ damage
...
AF

Antonio Emanuele Vona
-

D027

Patients with hypokalaemia/increased plasma sodium (e
...
Conn's syndrome)
Haematuria or proteinuria
Raised serum creatinine
Young age (any hypertension under 20 years: needing treatment < 30 years)
Sudden-onset or worsening hypertension
Hypertension that is resistant to multi-drug regimen, that is, >= 3 drugs
For the evaluation of therapeutic failures or problems
Special circumstances e
...
pregnancy, possible white coat hypertension, unusually
variable blood pressure (Mc Morran, j
...
C
...
, 2011)

References:
American Heart Association, 2014, Understanding Blood Pressure Readings, [Online], Available from:
http://www
...
org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/AboutHighBloodPressure/Underst
anding-Blood-Pressure-Readings_UCM_301764_Article
...
V_5FBct0yUk, Accessed on: 02/10/2016
Blood Pressure Association, 2008, Blood pressure chart, [Online] Available from:
http://www
...
org/BloodPressureandyou/Thebasics/Bloodpressurechart, Accessed
on: 02/10/2016
Harvard University ,2013,Harvard Health Publications, [Online] Available from:
http://www
...
harvard
...
, Blood pressure chart by age, [Online] Available from:
http://www
...
com/blood-pressure-chart-by-age/, Accessed on: 02/10/2016
Mc Morran, j
...
C
...
, 2011, Referral criteria from primary care – hypertension,
[Online] Available from: http://www
...
co
...
cfm?ID=114294857, Accessed
on: 2/10/2016
NIH, 2015, Description of High Blood Pressure, [Online] Available from:
https://www
...
nih

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