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Title: Population Genetics and Speciation
Description: For first year beginners. Notes include information over population genetics, the Hardy-Weinberg principle, mechanisms of evolution, types of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, biological species concept, speciation, types of isolation, and rates of speciation.
Description: For first year beginners. Notes include information over population genetics, the Hardy-Weinberg principle, mechanisms of evolution, types of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, biological species concept, speciation, types of isolation, and rates of speciation.
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Population Genetics and Speciation
Chapter Sixteen
● What is Population Genetics?
○ Population genetics is the study of evolution from a genetic point of
view
...
■ For example, a natural disaster
● Mutation
○ Mutation is a mechanism of evolution where there is a change in a
nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
○ For example, UV radiation can alter genes responsible for regulating cell
division
● Gene Flow
○ Gene flow is a mechanism of evolution where genes move from one
population to another
■ Immigration is the movement of individuals into a population
■ Emigration is the movement of individuals out of a population
● Nonrandom Mating
○ Nonrandom mating is a mechanism of evolution in which individuals
choose their mates and produce offspring
○ For example, humans have a tendency to choose their mates
● Biological Species Concept
○ The Biological Species Concept states that a species is a population of
organisms that can successfully interbreed but cannot breed with other
groups
...
However, as it started to dry
up, small bodies of water formed
● Reproductive Isolation
○ Reproductive isolation results from barriers to successful breeding
between population groups in the same area, which leads to sympatric
speciation
...
● Rates of Speciation
○ Speciation sometimes requires millions of years, but some species can
form more rapidly
○ The idea that speciation occurs at a regular, gradual rate is called
gradualism
○ The idea that speciation occurs when a drastic event happens and is then
followed by long periods of time with little or no change is called
punctuated equilibrium
Title: Population Genetics and Speciation
Description: For first year beginners. Notes include information over population genetics, the Hardy-Weinberg principle, mechanisms of evolution, types of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, biological species concept, speciation, types of isolation, and rates of speciation.
Description: For first year beginners. Notes include information over population genetics, the Hardy-Weinberg principle, mechanisms of evolution, types of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom mating, biological species concept, speciation, types of isolation, and rates of speciation.