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Title: Concurrent Engineering
Description: This is the lecture note for concurrent engineering.
Description: This is the lecture note for concurrent engineering.
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5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering:
Is a strategy where all the tasks involved in product
development are done in parallel
...
• Customer research
• Designers
• Marketing
• Accounting
• Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
Suppliers
Commercial
Design Process
Competitors
Concurrent Engineering
Customers
R&D
Idea
Generation
Marketing
Product or Service concept
Feasibility
Study
Performance Specifications
Linear Process
Preliminary
Design
Form Design
Techniques:
Revising and testing
prototypes
Functional
Design
Production
Design
Design
Specifications
Manufacturing
Specifications
•Perceptual mapping
•Benchmarking
•Reverse Engineering
Pilot run and final
tests
Final Design
and process
plans
Product Launch
1
5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
Perceptual Mapping
Benchmarking
• Get the best product available
• Base performance specifications for new product
on it
Good
Taste
Coco Pops
Low
Nutrition
Cheerios
Rice Krispies
High
Nutrition
Shredded Wheat
Bad Taste
Reverse Engineering
• Dismantle and inspect competitors product(s)
• Select features to incorporate into new product
•Compares customers perception of available products
•Identifies gap in market
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
Demand for the proposed product?
Cost of developing and producing the product?
Does company have manufacturing capability?
Skilled personnel?
Form Design: Physical appearance of the product
Functional Design: Performance of the product
Production Design: How to manufacture product
2
5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
•Prototype produced
•Adjustments made
•Final specification agreed
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
•Manufacturing process commences
•Product is marketed to buying public
Concurrent Engineering
Why Concurrent Engineering?
•Pace of market change has increased
•Companies must keep pace with changing
markets
Traditional Process = Linear
Vs
Concurrent Engineering = Team collaboration
•Decisions made sooner rather than later
•Reduces/eliminates repetition of tasks
•Reduces waste and reworking of design
•Product quicker to market
•Maximises company profit
•Company operates more efficiently
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5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
To make decisions concurrently:
• Team knows the design goals/objectives
• Team is aware of the interrelationships between
all aspects of the design process
Concurrent Engineering
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Collection of matrices that converts the needs of the
customer into technical specifications at all stages of
the design and manufacture process
...
Customer requirements
prioritised (scale or %)
2
...
Engineering characteristics
4
...
Relations between engineering
characteristics
6
...
Identify customer requirement and prioritise them
(scale or %)
3
4
1
2
6
4
5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
3
4
A
X
Durable
15
A
B
X
B
X
25
++
+
Durable
15
Attribute
A
X
Inexpensive
25
B
A
Makes a loud noise
10
+
Small
10
B
A
X
Inexpensive
25
--
Looks Good
15
B
X
A
Small
10
-
Looks Good
15
+
--
+
Concurrent Engineering
+
Durable
15
Makes a loud noise
10
+
Inexpensive
25
--
Small
10
-
Looks Good
15
Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency
++
Interpreting the matrix
Sensitivity to water level is likely to be very dependent on complexity
of circuit
Complexity of circuit
Complexity of circuit
25
Cost of Sensor
Weighting
Sensitive to water level
Material for casing
4
...
Legend:
Positive correlation +
Strong positive correlation ++
None
Negative correlation Strong Negative correlation - -
-
Weighting
Concurrent Engineering
++
+
Sensitive to water level
25
++
+
Durable
15
Makes a loud noise
10
+
Inexpensive
25
--
Small
10
-
Looks Good
15
Increasing the noise level could
reduce the energy efficiency
Attribute
Cost of Sensor
10
5
Material for casing
2
B
Cost of Sensor
Energy Efficiency
1
25
Material for casing
Sensitive to water level
Competitive
Assessment
Sensitive to water
level
Makes a loud noise
Complexity of circuit
Attribute
3
...
Compare product to competitors
Attribute
++
+
+
+
--
++
+
+
--
+
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Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
++
+
-
5
...
Cost of Sensor
Energy Efficiency
25
Material for casing
Complexity of circuit
The choice of material will affect the
durability of the product
Weighting
A complex circuit and quality sensor could increase cost of product
Attribute
Sensitive to water level
Durable
15
Makes a loud noise
10
+
Inexpensive
25
--
Small
10
-
Looks Good
15
++
+
+
Increasing complexity
of circuit could
require a more costly
sensor
A good quality
sensor could
improve energy
efficiency
Complex circuit
(more parts) could
reduce energy
efficiency
--
+
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
6
...
7
5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
Design for Environmental Manufacturing:
Concurrent Engineering
Design for Environmental Packaging:
•Non-toxic processes & production materials
•Minimum of packaging materials
•Minimum energy utilization
•Reusable pallets and packaging
•Minimize emissions
•Recyclable packaging materials
•Minimize waste, scrap & by-products
•Bio-degradable packaging materials
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
Design for Disposal & Recycling:
Design for Disposal & Recycling:
•Re-use/refurbishment of components & assemblies
•Material identification to facilitate re-use
•Material selection to enable re-use (e
...
, thermoset
plastics vs
...
g
...
bonding)
•Avoid use of adhesives
•Minimum number of materials/colours to facilitate
separating materials and re-use
•Limit contaminants - additives, coatings, metal plating of
plastics, etc
...
g
...
Use:
•Low power consumption
•Serviceable items rather than replaceable e
...
disk drive, peripherals etc
...
•Identify materials used for recycling
•Minimise mixed materials to facilitate separation later
Concurrent Engineering
Role of Testing in Product Design
Possible tests:
•Product meets performance specifications
•Expected life of product
•Likely cause of failure
Accelerated testing
•Changes cannot be made easily
•Speeds up design and prototyping processes
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5/09/2018
Concurrent Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
Performance test: Pond Alarm
Test
Procedure
Minimum
performance
Casing Seal
Submerge in water for
8 hours
Remove, Dry,
disassemble and
inspect
No evidence of water
ingress
Sensitivity of sensor
Submerge probes to
8mm in sample of pond
water
Retract
Alarm should trigger
before 8mm is reached
Alarm should reset
within 1 min
Battery life
Trigger alarm and
measure time until
battery depletes
...
g
...
Expected typical household use: three times a week for a wash
cycle that will last for 2 hours on average
...
Run the machine constantly for
3120 hours
Concurrent Engineering
Sample Paper: HL
Explain why accelerated testing is used on some products
...
What type of accelerated testing
will determine the lifetime of the washing machine?
Quantitative test – data is used to determine expected normal life
time of product
During testing, the washing machine ran for 3000 operating
hours before failing
...
2hrs/day x 3days/week = 6hrs/week
3000/6 = 566
...
67/52 = 10
...
11
Title: Concurrent Engineering
Description: This is the lecture note for concurrent engineering.
Description: This is the lecture note for concurrent engineering.