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To maintain diffusion of gases across the alveolar epiInspiration:
thelium, air is constantly moved in and out of the lungs
Breathing is an active process (uses energy):
through ventilation (breathing)
...


When the air pressure in the lungs is greater than that
of the atmosphere, air is forced out of the lungs = expi-

1
...

3
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The diaphragm muscles contract, causing it to
flatten, which also increases the volume of the
thorax
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The Diaphragm: a sheet of muscle that separates
the thorax from the abdomen

The increased volume of the thorax results in
reduction of pressure in the lungs
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Atmospheric pressure is now greater than pulmonary pressure so air is forced into the lungs
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1
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Pulmonary ventilation rate is the
total volume of air that is moved into
the lungs during 1 minute
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2
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3
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Volume of
thorax is therefore further decreased
...


The decreased volume of the thorax increases the
pressure in the lungs
...


The pulmonary pressure is now greater than that
of the atmosphere = air is forced out of the lungs

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