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Title: History Overiew 1900-2000
Description: description of all political events taking place from 1900-2000, including WWI and WWII, the Cold War, and Recontruction.
Description: description of all political events taking place from 1900-2000, including WWI and WWII, the Cold War, and Recontruction.
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I
...
Hitler's Rise to Power
● Totalitarianism is a type of government where one person takes over
This was very successful in the 1920s and 1930s because these countries like germany were
recovering from WWI, and were very vulnerable to people, saying they could fix anything to take over
● The legacy of Treaty of Versaille was that it was a complete fail, it oppressed Germany and made them
turn to the fascist government, because it was so vulnerable
● Benito Mussolini: he was the fascist leader in Italy, like others he had youth programs to influence
people, he was not liked by many people so he was overthrown
● Adolf Hitler: he was the leader of the the nazi regime, he was elected although he quickly manipulated
germany into hating communists and jews
● The Weimar Republic was germany in the period after WWI and before WWII, though during its time
it had many failed leaders
...
It failed because they were so vulnerable it was very easy for Hitler to turn
Germany into a fascist state
...
They created books for children to influence them
Ghettos, and Concentration camps: Jews and other targeted groups were first separated into ghettos,
however they were then furthered moved into either Concentration camps (work camps) or
Extermination camps (gas chambers) both of these had terrible conditions, and because of it many
people died from disease and starvation
The Final solution
● Upstanders: people who stand up for what is right, and revolt
● Bystanders: People who stand by while injustices are happening, they are bad people because they ar
letting others commit these acts
● Perpetrators:
● Victims:
● Rescuers
● Resisters
● The Nuremberg Trials were the trials after the war that were put in place to prosecute the nazi’s who
were apart of the war, most of them were hanged and the rest imprisoned, this was important because it
was the first established international court
● They were tried against crimes of Humanity, crimes against peace, and war crimes
II
...
● Japan conquered
● The Code of Bushido was the code of japanese honor, this stated Death Before Dishonor that japanese
soldiers should kill themselves before they die, the code also talks about how the japanese are warriors,
and they must fight with all of their might
● Before the attack on Pearl Harbor was the result of bad diplomacy between Japan and America:
1
...
S placed an embargo on Japan, This especially hurt them
because they had no natural resources
2
...
They weren’t invited to the Treaty of Versaille
● An Embargo is a ban on a type of export to a certain country
II
...
S got involved in the the war to set
guidelines at the end of the war, to try and stop another treaty of versaille mistake from happening
again
● FDR’S Attempt to Get the U
...
Seuss to create cartoons that pushed
america to be internationalist, also Charles Lindbergh created the America First Committees that were
the opposite of FDR’s goals, they tried to stop America from getting involved in the war
● The Attack on Pearl Harbor: The Attack on Pearl Harbor happened on December 7th, 1941 in the
________ base, from it 188 planes were destroyed and 18 ships
...
Policy of Appeasement
● Appeasement happens when a leader gives in to belligerent leader, so that he can avoid war at all costs
Churchill Appeasement Position
Chamberlain Appeasement
Position
He did not want to appease Hitler,
he thought that if we have him
want we wanted, then he would
just keep taking
He wanted to appease Hitler by
giving him Czechoslovakia, and
letting him violate the Treaty of
Versaille and build up his army
● The Munich Conference was a meeting held before WWII, where Chamberlain gave hitler
Czechoslovakia, this started the, power hungry regime of Hitler
● Anschluss happened when Germany combined with Austria, before WWII Austria openly accepted this
and Germany said that Austria has German blood and they should be united
● After Anschluss, Hitler had another expanisihts goal, that was Lebensraum, which is translated into
living space, Hitler tried to take the slavic countries like poland, to create a living space for germany
II
...
Beginning of The War
●
Allied Powers
Axis Powers
America (later)
Great Britain
France
China
Soviet Union
Canada
Japan
Italy
Germany
● One of the German strategies was called Blitzkrieg the goal was to quickly swipe through the city, a
lightning attack, they did it so quickly to save as many lives on their side and to do it so quickly so they
couldn’t give a counter attack
● Blitzkrieg worked in france and the french government fell, being split up into free france, and
occupied france
● Although free France, was not really free it was operated by The Vichy Government that was
controlled by the Germans
Petain
Degaulle
He was the leader of the Vichy Government, and he He was not under the Vichy government, he led the
said the germany was just the new chapter for france, french resistance from england, and did not want to
and that we should accept our fate
...
S it allowed them to push on the
japanese and become more offensive
Battle of Okinawa, and
Battle of Iwo Jima
The battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, was a strategic victory, so they
attacked the island, it was a brutal battle many of the Japanese living
there committed Kamikaze before surrendering
...
s would have a hard time invading the country
● Japanese POW camps were especially bad because of the Code of Bushido, they did not like people
who surrounded, and tortures was very bad, at the end of the war they had something called the KILL
ALL ORDER which meant that they must kill everyone because they knew they were losing the war
● VE Day was victory day in Europe May 8th, 1945
II
...
S at Home
● FDR after Pearl Harbor he created something called Executive Order 9066 this order, was in place to
place Japanese into camps, because people thought they were a threat to American security, this
destroyed families and lives, when people returned from the camps they had nothing left
● After The interment a trial was brought by the Supreme Court, the trial Korematsu Vs
...
S
...
S got involved in the war, we started something called Collectivisation this means that
people must work together to help the war effort
Rationing
This means federally regulating how much food you can buy, you would be
given a ration card and they would cash it in to get food
Scrapping
Salvaging raw material for the war, boy and girl scouts would hold scrapping
drives where people will send in their scrapes
Victory Gardens
People would grow their own food instead of buying it, so more food could
go to the troops
Women in the Workplace
Since most of the men went to war, many of the jobs were open to women,
so people created a character called rosie the riveter, although when all of the
men came back they were pushed out of their jobs
● Minorities in the War
Double V Campaign
Normally people had a V campaign for victory abroad, however
AfricanAmericans had a campaign for victory at home (prejudice) as well,
making a double V
Native Americans
During the war a big help the the Americans was the Navajo Code Talkers,
because their language was so unique they were able to translate in code
unable to be cracked by the Japanese
Japanese Americans
Although Japanese Americans were interned they were allowed to fight in
the war, their squadron the 442nd was one of the highest achieving
squadrons in the war, although when they came back they were not
recognized by the american gov
...
The End of the War
● The Yalta Conference was a conference that happened before the war ended, between FDR, Stalin,
and Churchill, during this conference they compromised on how Germany would be controlled post
war, THE KEY POINTS WERE:
■ They would divide up the land, however they would have common policy within each
section, which means they would have common laws
■ The Soviet Union promised to have free elections in Eastern europe
● The Potsdam Conference was a conference that happened after the Yalta one, however FDR had died
and because of it more there was hostility between the three, the MAJOR CHANGES WERE:
■ It would still be divided into zones, however there would be no common policy
■ There was no required free elections in eastern europe
● The Manhattan Project was a secret government organization, that was founded when Albert Einstein
came to America, saying that Germany was building an A Bomb and that we should to, they created the
bombs Fat Man and Little Boy, however they didn’t realize the effects of radiations
II
...
The Cold War
● Satellite Nations these were nations that seemed to be independent however were really controlled by
another nation
● While Russia gained influence in eastern europe, churchill gave a speech where said that europe had an
Iron curtain this meant that russia controlled eastern europe and other people had know idea what was
going on down there
● Stalin's response to Churchill was by putting up the satellite countries in eastern europe
● Presidents during the Cold War
●
Truman
1
...
He also created the Marshall Plan, which was a plan to aid europe, although Russia thought that
this was a ploy to put democratic influence in eastern europe, its goal was to prevent another country
from being oppressed and turning to a totalitarian government and to help defend each other, from
communism
3
...
The Berlin Blockade happened when Russia put a blockade on all of the supplies going in and out
of western germany, increasing tension
5
...
The Domino Theory, was a theory that if one country fell in the pacific theater then all of the
other countries would fall to communism, THIS WAS NOT TRUE
2
...
S Highway System, this was created to help
the infrastructure of the country, however its secret goal was for an efficient way for people to leave
town if a nuclear bomb is going to be dropped
3
...
Mccarthyism SEE BELOW
5
...
Space Race SEE BELOW
Kennedy
1
...
Cuban missile crisis SEE BELOW
3
...
Vietnam War SEE BELOW
Johnson
1
...
Moon Landing SEE BELOW
● The Warsaw Pact was the opposite of NATO, it was an alliance against America, although many of
the signers were satellite nations of russia
● During the Cold War when both sides have developed nuclear weapons people coined the term MAD
or Mutually Assured Destruction This means that if one person shot a missile in the sky, another
country would respond and it would be total destruction
○ This affected americans, by a new way of preparing for emergency, you would practice nuke
drills in school and people made the term Duck and Cover, where whenever you saw a flash you
should find cover
● There was a Nuclear Arms Race because since there was no direct fighting the two sides kept upgrading
their arm trying to one up each other, seeing who had the best weapons
● After Tensions rose between America and Russia, and people started fleeing to west berlin, almost
overnight the Soviets put up the Berlin Wall to stop people from leaving the country and to separate
the two countries
● Proxy Wars were wars fought not directly by the to sides, but in other countries and with other armies,
so examples of these were Vietnam, and Korea
II
...
This paranoia sept across America, and people turned on everyone
...
The movement ended when when he accused the military of being communists,
and people finally realized that this was insane
● This was called the Second Red Scare, because soviets were often referred to as Reds
● While he had his reign of terror he gave a speech called “the enemies from within” this speech stated
that communism had infiltrated the government and he had names of people who were communists
● He also created the HUAC, or the House UnAmerican Committee which was a committee of people
who decided if you were communist or not, they would ask you questions like: Do you have modern art
in your house?
III
...
The Vietnam War
● The Vietnam War took place during November 1955 April 1975, it was a proxy war between Russia
and America, the fighting took a long time and ended in a stalemate
...
S got involved they also got involved, when the
war ended and the Americans left Russia steamrolled through and changed the whole country ro
communism
V
...
S moon landing and the
technological advance of America
VI
...
When the U
...
S because of their act
...
S demanded the removal of the weapons, but
the Cubans refused, there many close encounters, however in the end the U
...
S tried to invade the Communist Cuban government
○ Kennedy didn’t want use the air force, but when they got attacked from the ground they got
slaughter
Title: History Overiew 1900-2000
Description: description of all political events taking place from 1900-2000, including WWI and WWII, the Cold War, and Recontruction.
Description: description of all political events taking place from 1900-2000, including WWI and WWII, the Cold War, and Recontruction.