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Molecular Biology Study Guide
Vocabulary

Lesson Summary

Study Tricks

Cohesion​: attraction
of molecules for other
molecules of the
same kind
Surface tension​: the
tendency of a liquid’s
surface to resist
rupture when placed
under tension or
stress
...
Kind
...

Heat of vaporization​:
# of heat needed to
change one gram of
liquid substance to
gas at constant temp
...

Cohesion​ causes
surface tension​
...

Adhesion ​enables
water to climb up
through thin glass
tubes placed in a
beaker of water
...

Water has ​high
specific heat
capacity​ bc heat is
used to break
hydrogen bonds
between water
mlcules, It has high
heat of vaporization
bc hydrogen bonds
must be broken to
turn into gas
...


Cohes​ion-cohesive(to
be united)
Ca​pillar​y-pillars are
tall and going
upwards
Surface tensionTen​sion- ​ten​dency
surface- liquid’s
surface
Tension-placed under
tension
Think of hydrogen
bonds as factory glue
- strong
intermolecular force
This sticky glue
causes water to have

Diagrams

Solvent​: a substance
that can dissolve
solutes
Solution​: a
homogeneous
mixture of solvent
and solute
aqueous solutions​:
solutions with water
as the solvent
Hydrophilic​:
All substances that
dissolve in water are
hydrophilic
Polar molecules,
charged particles
Hydrophobic​:
Substances that don’t
dissolve in water are
hydrophobic
Nonpolar molecules
such as oils and fats

Lesson 02: More
Water
Water polarity results
in its ability to form
hydrogen bonds
...
2 J g​-1​ °C -1​
​ )
High heat of
vaporization
(2257 J g​-1​)
High melting and
boiling points
(0 °C, 100 °C)
Methane
Does not form
hydrogen bonds
Low specific heat
(2
...

Nonpolar substances
without charges are
insoluble in water
...

Carbon Compounds:
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Lipids
amino acid
protein building block
Amino acids are
made up of 3 parts:
Amine
group,Carboxyl group
Variable group/side
chain

Monosaccharides
monomers (building
blocks) of
carbohydrates;
simple sugars
Disaccharides: 2
monosaccharides
bonded together
formed by a
condensation
reaction(water is the

Lesson 04:
Carbohydrates
Monosacharides​:
glucose, fructose,
galactose, ribose
Disaccharides​:
Lactose(glucose +
galactose),
Sucrose​(glucose +
fructose),
Maltose​(glucose +

product)

Polysaccharides:
three or more
monosaccharides
bonded together

glucose)
Polysaccharides:

Cellulose​- Polymer
of B-glucose;
molecules oriented
in opposite
direction;
unbranched; made
in plant cells
Starch​- Polymer of
a-glucose; made in
plant cells;
amylose​ in one
form of starch
amylose​(linear)
and ​amylopectin
(branched)
Gylycogen- highly
branched; made my
anias and fungi,
stored in human
liver



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