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Title: Climate change
Description: International Baccalaureate Biology SL Topic 4.4 2017 Clear and detailed notes of topic 4.4 from the book and lecture
Description: International Baccalaureate Biology SL Topic 4.4 2017 Clear and detailed notes of topic 4.4 from the book and lecture
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Climate change
Topic 4
...
4
Biology SL
○
Light-coloured objects have a high albedo, so very little light is absorbed
○
Dark-coloured substances have a low albedo and absorb lots of light and
convert it into heat
➢ Certain gases in the atmosphere filter out some of the more harmful radiation from
the sun preventing the surface from getting as hot as the Moon’s maximum
temperature
○
Ex: UV radiation
Climate change and greenhouse gases
➢ Climate refers to the pattern of temperature and precipitation that occur over long
periods of time
○
Climates usually don’t change within a human’s lifetime
➢ It doesn’t take much of a temperature drop to produce a glaciation
○
o
A global average temperature reduction of 5 C
➢ Earth has shown many fluctuations in global temperatures over millions of years
○
Happened long before humans started producing excessive greenhouse
gases
➢ The changes being observed now are alarming because they’re happening so
quickly and can’t be explained by natural phenomena
➢ Factors that contribute to global temperature changes:
○
Volcanic activity
○
Quantity of radiation
○
Oscillation in ocean
○
Inclination of its axis
currents
○
Position of the continent
○
Fluctuations in Earth’s
orbit
➢ Carbon dioxide concentration of ancient times can be deduced by drilling deep into
ice
➢ Atmospheric temperatures can be deduced by looking fossils from
temperature-sensitive organisms
Industrial revolution
➢ The level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased by more than 35%
compared with its pre-industrial revolution levels
➢ Number one source of carbon dioxide emissions as a result of human activity is
transport that is based on fossil fuels
➢ Other sources include, but are not limited to:
○
Deforestation
2
Climate change
Topic 4
...
They’re usually motivated
by economic arguments and by their affiliation with industries that produce large
quantities of carbon dioxide
○
Would lose revenue if limits were put on carbon dioxide emissions and
therefore they promote doubt and controversy
3
Title: Climate change
Description: International Baccalaureate Biology SL Topic 4.4 2017 Clear and detailed notes of topic 4.4 from the book and lecture
Description: International Baccalaureate Biology SL Topic 4.4 2017 Clear and detailed notes of topic 4.4 from the book and lecture