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INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

People and organizations need each other
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The
manager needs to understand the main influences on behaviour in work organizations and the
nature of the people– organization relationship
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Nature of an organization
➢ A group of people who work together to achieve some specific purpose
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The organization is made up of individuals
and groups
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Structure is created by management to establish relationships between individuals and groups, to
provide order and systems and to direct the efforts of the organization into goal-seeking activities
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Behavior is affected by patterns of organization structure,
technology, styles of leadership and systems of management through which organizational
processes are planned, directed and controlled
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CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ORGANISATION

There are 4 key elements of an organization
An organization is a social entity: It is composed of individuals, groups and their roles and functions
and through interaction and interdependence they perform the essential activities of the
organization;
An organization is goal directed: It exits to achieve a goal and has a clear mission statement which
is the blueprint of the objectives of the organization
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Organizations have identifiable boundaries
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Produces specific products and provides specific services
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Organizational Behaviour involves the analysis of how people behave both
as individuals and as members of groups and organizations (Wagner & Hollenbeck, 2010)
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(Mullins, 2010)
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➢ individuals,
➢ groups, and
➢ Structure

OB is not studied in isolation but to help us in our understanding of individual and group behaviour
and patterns of structure towards improving organizational performance and effectiveness
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Psychologists are generally concerned with the study of individual human behaviour and the
personality system
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The main focus of
attention is on the analysis of social structures and positions in those structures – for example, the
relationship between the behaviour of leaders and followers
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Focus of
attention is on the cultural system, the beliefs, customs, ideas and values within a group or society,
and the comparison of behaviour among different cultures – for example, the importance to
Muslim women of wearing trousers to work
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A
knowledge of OB should enable you to explain and predict human behaviour in organizations and
even control it if appropriate
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Individual: Organizations are made up of their individual members
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Where the needs of the individual and the
demands of the organization are incompatible, this can result in frustration and conflict
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Groups exist in all organizations and are essential to their working and performance
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Informal groups arise from the social needs of people within the
organization
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Group pressures can have a major influence over the behaviour and
performance of individual members
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3
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Structure is created by management to establish relationships between individuals
and groups, to provide order and systems and to direct the efforts of the organization into goalseeking activities
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Behavior is affected by patterns of organization
structure, technology, styles of leadership and systems of management through which
organizational processes are planned, directed and controlled
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The Environment: The organization functions as part of the broader external environment of
which it is a part
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The effects of the operation of the organization within its environment are reflected in
terms of the management of opportunities and risks and the successful achievement of its aims
and objectives

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