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UNIVERSITY OF THE PEOPLE

BIOL 1121 Health Biology
Written Assignment 5
Anonymous
5/12/2020

Introduction:
Endocrine signals are signals from distant cells, which are from the endocrine cells located in
the endocrine gland
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The endocrine signal released a hormone called insulin
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Insulin
also helps in the storage of nutrients in the form of glycogen, lipids, and protein and failure to
control the level of nutrients can lead to diabetes
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d
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Because of the
large distance to cover, the hormones become diluted and present in low concentrations when
acting on their target cells
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Glucose disposal into muscle is the major component
of insulin action that prevents postprandial hyperglycemia
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(Hooper, 2019)
Calcium (Ca2+) is essential for numerous physiological functions, which include intracellular
signalling processes, neuronal excitability, muscle contraction and bone formation
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Ca2+ makes its way
into the endocrine system through TRPV5, Ca2+ bound to calbindin-D28K diffuses to the basolateral
side, where it is extruded into the blood compartment through NCX1 and to a lesser extent PMCA1b
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In the blood compartment, PTH, 1,25(OH)2D3 and estrogen increase the transcription and
protein expression of the luminal Ca2+ channels, calbindins, and the extrusion systems
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d
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Available online at http://cnx
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85:1
Hooper, C
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Overview of insulin signalling pathways
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abcam
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genome
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kegg
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0&map=map04961&keyword=endocrine%20signalling
https://www
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jp/keggbin/search_pathway_text?map=map&keyword=endocrine+signalling&mode=1&viewImage=
true



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