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Title: Antigen and Antibody Reaction
Description: A. Lock and Key Concept The combining site of an antibody is located in the Fab portion of the molecule and is constructed from the hypervariable regions of the heavy and light chains. our concept of antigen-antibody reactions is one of a key (i.e. the antigen) which fits into a lock (i.e. the antibody).
Description: A. Lock and Key Concept The combining site of an antibody is located in the Fab portion of the molecule and is constructed from the hypervariable regions of the heavy and light chains. our concept of antigen-antibody reactions is one of a key (i.e. the antigen) which fits into a lock (i.e. the antibody).
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Antigen and Antibody Reactions
Ab has a Valence of 2
TWO Identical ANTIGEN BINDING SITES
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH3
v Antigen antibody reactions in vitro are known as
serological reactions
...
v One of the two components has to be known
...
Obtained from injecting an
animal (horse, rabbit, goat) with antigen (snake
venom, botulism or diphtheria toxin)
...
vSerum Sickness
What are the limitations?
v Cross reaction between similar antigens/ antibodies
...
v Presence of antibodies even after cure of disease
NATURE OF ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY
REACTIONS
A
...
v our concept of antigen-antibody reactions is one of a
key ( i
...
the antigen) which fits into a lock ( i
...
the
antibody)
...
Non-covalent Bonds
vBonds:
•
•
•
•
Hydrogen
Ionic
Hydrophobic interactions
Van der Waals forces
v Each bond is weak; many are
strong
To “hold” they must be close
requiring high amonts of
complementarity!
C
Title: Antigen and Antibody Reaction
Description: A. Lock and Key Concept The combining site of an antibody is located in the Fab portion of the molecule and is constructed from the hypervariable regions of the heavy and light chains. our concept of antigen-antibody reactions is one of a key (i.e. the antigen) which fits into a lock (i.e. the antibody).
Description: A. Lock and Key Concept The combining site of an antibody is located in the Fab portion of the molecule and is constructed from the hypervariable regions of the heavy and light chains. our concept of antigen-antibody reactions is one of a key (i.e. the antigen) which fits into a lock (i.e. the antibody).