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Title: Chemistry and Environment Brief Questions and Answers
Description: Environment constitutes air, water, soil, the atmosphere and the plants that are around us. Environmental chemistry deals with the chemical phenomena taking place around us, and the impact it has on the environment. It is also related to biology, agriculture, medicine and public health. In recent years air, water and soil are polluted heavily due to human activity causing threat to the very existence of life on the planet, earth. Earth is the only planet in the solar system having conditions required for the survival of the living organisms.
Description: Environment constitutes air, water, soil, the atmosphere and the plants that are around us. Environmental chemistry deals with the chemical phenomena taking place around us, and the impact it has on the environment. It is also related to biology, agriculture, medicine and public health. In recent years air, water and soil are polluted heavily due to human activity causing threat to the very existence of life on the planet, earth. Earth is the only planet in the solar system having conditions required for the survival of the living organisms.
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Chemistry
1
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Mention the two causes of pollution
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Human activities, and
2
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What are the main reasons for pollution?
Increase in population, urbanization, deforestation etc
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3
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The medium which reacts with pollutant is called sink
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g
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Thus, the pollutant is removed by micro – organisms
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4
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There are quickly degraded by natural means
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These pollutants are disposed off by microbial action and radiation
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What are non biodegradable pollutants? Explain how they acts as pollutants
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D
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, arsenic salts of
heavy metals, glass or tin containers, radioactive materials, and plastics are the pollutants
of this category
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6
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These persist in the form in which they are added to the environment
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7
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8
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) in which it
occurs or according to the pollutants by which pollution is caused
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How do you classify pollution according to environment?
When different spheres of the environment are affected by pollution, they can be
categorised as, (i) air pollution, (ii) Water pollution and (iii) Soil or land pollution
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How does planting more trees control air pollution?
Trees use carbon dioxide and release oxygen
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Certain plants ( phaseolus vulgaris, Coleus bulmeri) can fix carbon
monoxide, and some plants (Pinus juniperus) can metabolise nitrogen oxides
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11
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Mention the processes involved in the separation of pollutant from air
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(ii)
Industrial smoke should be filtered before releasing it into, the air to remove
particulate matter
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Define water pollution
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13
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Some pollution occurs naturally too
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Decaying of organic matter also
pollutes water
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Mention the effect of water pollution
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Polluted water cannot be used for drinking and cooking
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Polluted water leads to diseases like cholera, jaundice, typhoid and diarrhoea
3
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15
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1
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2
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16
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Here, soil productivity includes both the quantity and
the quality of the produce
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What are soil pollutants?
18
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Mention one effect of soil pollution
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This may
kill essential soil organisms which contribute to the structure and fertility of soil
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Explain how chemicals and pesticides influence the soil pollution?
The chemicals and pesticides may also make the soil toxic for plant growth
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The use of inorganic fertilizers
spoils the quality of the soil in the long run
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What is pyrolysis?
It is the process of burning of materials without oxygen
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What is the benefit of recycling wastes?
It not only reduces the amount of residue but also conserves the natural resources
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Explain how agricultural wastes are recycled?
Agricultural wastes including paddy husk, corncobs, remains of crushed
sugarcane, fibrous coat of coconuts, tobacco waste, cereal stems and others are converted
into paper and board
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It is estimated that recovery of one tonne of paper can save 17 trees
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What is composting? Mention its use
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24
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Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound at a wrong place, at the wrong time
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How is sound is measured?
Loudness of sound is measured in decibels (dB)
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Indicate the decibel range that causes heavy impairment
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Noise causes hearing impairment, dizziness, disorientation, stress, nausea and
vomiting
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Following measures may be taken for an effective control on noise pollution
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1
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2
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What is meant by Conservation and preservation of environment?
Conservation means ‘to keep safe’ whereas preservation means ‘to maintain the
environment as it is’
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Why is it necessary to conserve and protect our environment?
It is necessary to conserve and protect our environment because the natural
resources are getting depleted and environmental problems are increasing day by day
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Mention two practices which can help conserving and protecting our environment
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2
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Judicious use of fertilizers, intensive cropping, proper irrigation and drainage
help in the conservation of soil
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What step you will take conserve ground water?
Harvesting of rain water helps in the conservation of ground water
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Why should we conserve energy?
Due to limited supply and rising demand, the price of energy sources is steadily
increasing
...
35
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Green chemistry is defined as the designing of chemical products and processes
that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substance
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What is the aim of green chemistry?
The ultimate aim of green chemistry or environment friendly chemistry is to
prevent pollution at the source
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Define pollution
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It may also be defined as an addition or excessive addition of undesirable materials
to the physical environment (air, water, and land)
...
38
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For example: two
primary pollutants, namely, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, from motor vehicles, react
in the presence of sunlight to form two secondary pollutants, viz
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39
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Air pollution refers to the release into the atmosphere of materials that are
harmful to man, animals, plants and buildings or other objects
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What are the changes that occur in water due to pollutants?
If the pollutants are present in water, the following changes occur
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2
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4
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Mention the types of soil pollutants
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These include –
1
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Pesticide,
3
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4
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Discarded materials
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Noise pollutants are those which cause temporary or permanent hearing
impairment
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Title: Chemistry and Environment Brief Questions and Answers
Description: Environment constitutes air, water, soil, the atmosphere and the plants that are around us. Environmental chemistry deals with the chemical phenomena taking place around us, and the impact it has on the environment. It is also related to biology, agriculture, medicine and public health. In recent years air, water and soil are polluted heavily due to human activity causing threat to the very existence of life on the planet, earth. Earth is the only planet in the solar system having conditions required for the survival of the living organisms.
Description: Environment constitutes air, water, soil, the atmosphere and the plants that are around us. Environmental chemistry deals with the chemical phenomena taking place around us, and the impact it has on the environment. It is also related to biology, agriculture, medicine and public health. In recent years air, water and soil are polluted heavily due to human activity causing threat to the very existence of life on the planet, earth. Earth is the only planet in the solar system having conditions required for the survival of the living organisms.