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I
...
Geriatric
2
...
Gerontics
• the nursing care and
the service provided
to older adults
4
...
Gerontophobia • fear of aging and
the
refusal
to
accept
2
...
Age
Discrimination
CATEGORY OF THE AGING
POPULATION
Age
55 to 64 Older
65 to 74 Elderly
75 to 84 Aged
85 and older
Or
60 to 74 Young-old
75 to 84 Middle-old
85 and older
Category
Older
Elderly
Aged
Extremely
Aged
Young-old
Middle-old
Old-old
INTRODUCTION
•No single universally accepted definition of
aging
...
Why do people have different lifespan?
•Theories abound to help explain and give
some logical order to our observations
...
Four Theories:
1
...
Environmental
2
...
Psychosocial
A
...
Biologic
Theory:
Theory
• “Biological Clock”
Gene
Theory
Programmed
• Predictable Changes:
➤Menopause
➤Skin changes
➤Graying of hair
2
...
Biologic Theory: Rate of Living
Theory
• Individuals have finite amount of breaths
and heartbeats that are used up overtime
4
...
Biologic Theory: Molecular Theories
Aging is controlled by genetic materials that
are encoded to predetermine growth and
decline
• Error Theory – errors in RNA protein
synthesis cause errors to occur in cells in the
body
• Somatic Theory – aging results from
DNA damage caused by exposure to
chemicals and radiation
6
...
Free-radical
Theory
2
...
Clinker Theory
Definition
Free radicals
are suspected
to
cause
damage
to
cells,
DNA,
and
the
immune
system
Cells
molecules
from DNA and
connective
tissue interact
with
free
radicals
Suggest that
chemicals
produced by
metabolism
accumulate in
normal cells
and can cause
damage
4
...
Reliability
•A complex
theory of Aging mathematical
and Longevity
model of
system
failures
•To describe
degradation
(disease) and
failure
(death) of
human body
systems
6
...
Biologic
Theory:
Immunologic
Theories
• Proposes that aging is a function of
changes in the immune system
• The increase in autoimmune diseases and
allergies seen with aging is caused by
changes in the immune system
8
...
Psychosocial
Theory:
Disengagement Theory
• Explain why aging persons separate
from the mainstream of society
• Proposes that older people are
systemically separated, excluded, or
disengage from the society because they
are not perceived to be of benefit to the
society
b
...
Psychosocial Theory: Life course/
Developmental Theories
•Best known for nursing
• Trace personality and personal
adjustment throughout a person’s life
➤ Erikson’s
➤ Havighurst’s
➤ Newman’s
➤ Jung’s
a
...
Havighurst’s Developmental Task
c
...
Jung’s Theory: Personality, Psyche, and
Dreams