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Title: Thyroid inhibitors
Description: Thyroid inhibitors and their mechanism of action
Description: Thyroid inhibitors and their mechanism of action
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THYROID INHIBITORS
These are drugs used to lower the functional capacity of the hyperactive thyroid gland and are used in
thyrotoxicosis
Thyrotoxicosis is due to excessive secretion of thyroid hormones
...
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder due to production of an IgG class of antibody called 'thyroid
stimulating immunoglobulin
...
(TSH levels are low due to negative feedback
...
]
Toxic nodular goiter, which produces thyroid hormone independent of TSH, is less common
The goal of therapy is to decrease synthesis and/or release of additional hormone
...
The thioamide antithyroid drugs and ionic inhibitors are also called goitrogens because, if given in excess, they
cause enlargement of thyroid by feedback release of TSH
...
PTU also blocks the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
...
Carbimazole is converted to methimazole after absorption
However, PTU is recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy due to a greater risk of teratogenic
effects with methimazole
...
Clinical
improvement starts after 1- 2 weeks or more (depending on hormone content of thyroid gland)
...
For long term treatment of thyrotoxicosis, where surgery is not feasible and radioactive iodine is
contraindicated
b
...
c
...
For treatment of thyrotoxic crisis PTU is used along with iodide and propranolol
IONIC INHIBITORS
Certain monovalent anions inhibit uptake of iodide by thyroid
...
IODINE AND IODIDES
Though iodine is a constituent of thyroid hormones, it is the fastest acting thyroid inhibitor
...
The thyroid status starts
returning to normal at a rate commensurate with complete stoppage of hormone release from the gland
...
Excess iodide
rapidly and briefly interferes with iodination of tyrosil and thyronil residues of thyroglobulin (probably by
altering redox potential of thyroid cells) resulting in reduced T3/ T 4 synthesis
Uses
1
...
2
...
3
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Antiseptic As tincture iodine, povidone iodine, etc
...
Acute reaction
...
angioedema of larynx (may be dangerous), fever,
joint pain, petechial haemorrhages, thrombocytopenia,lymphadcnopathy
...
Chronic overdose (iodism)
Title: Thyroid inhibitors
Description: Thyroid inhibitors and their mechanism of action
Description: Thyroid inhibitors and their mechanism of action