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WAVES AND OPTICS PHYSICS-C IV unit 3
Wave Motion

Author of this note Mr
...
Prasad BSc from University of Calicut, MSc from
university of Delhi, and M
...
A from IGNOU Delhi
These notes were prepared during my teaching session for under graduate
students (11 Th and 12 Th class) of my school physics department

This note is helpful for under graduate students and junior level graduates

I declare that these notes are my original works based on my knowledge in
physics and the books mentioned below are the reference books I used for
preparing these notes

Table of contents
(1)Plane and Spherical Waves
(2)Longitudinal Waves
(3)Transverse wave
(4) A plane progressive wave
(5)The wave’s equation
(6) Particle velocity
(7) Wave velocity
(8)Wave velocity formula
(9)Pressure of a longitudinal wave
(10)Energy transported by electromagnetic waves
(11)Intensity of wave
Reference Books
Vibrations and Waves, A
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French, 1stEdn
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Waves: Berkeley Physics Course, vol
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Fundamentals of Optics, F
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Jenkins and H
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White, 1981,
McGraw-Hill
Principles of Optics, Max Born and Emil Wolf, 7th Edn
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Optics, Ajoy Ghatak, 2008, Tata McGraw Hill
The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, H
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Pain, 2013, John Wiley
and Sons
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K
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Fundamental of Optics, A
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R
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R
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ChandPublications
Optics, Eugene Hecht, 4thEdn 2014, Pearson Education

Plane and Spherical Waves

The basic difference between plane wave and spherical wave is that in plane
wave disturbances propagated in single direction like string wave, while in round
waves aggravations propagated outward all directions from the source of wave
...
Transverse electromagnetic waves
(TEM waves) are an example of a plane wave
...
In
longitudinal waves, the movement of particles is generally lined up with the
movement of energy
...
Include electromagnetic waves and ocean waves Are examples
for longitudinal waves,

Diagrammatic representation of longitudinal wave

Transverse wave
Transverse wave, motion in which all points on a wave oscillate along paths at
right angles to the direction of the wave's advance Surface ripples on water,

seismic S (secondary) waves of earth quake and electromagnetic (e
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, radio and
light) waves are examples of transverse waves
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Where, x=path difference and λ= wavelength
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This equation or formula is the wave’s
equation
...
Hence, the condition or equation can be revamped
as
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Wave velocity is the velocity with which a
progressive wave travels in media
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Wave Velocity

Wave velocity in common manner refers to speed, although appropriately,
velocity suggests both speed and direction
...
f is the frequency of the wave

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