Search for notes by fellow students, in your own course and all over the country.
Browse our notes for titles which look like what you need, you can preview any of the notes via a sample of the contents. After you're happy these are the notes you're after simply pop them into your shopping cart.
Document Preview
Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above
WWW
...
IN
CHAPTER – 10 : MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
Microbes in Household products:
A common example is the production of curd from milk
...
During growth, the LAB produces acids that coagulate and partially
digest the milk proteins
...
In our stomach too, the LAB play very beneficial role in checking disease causing
microbes
...
“Toddy”, a traditional drink of some parts of southern India is made by fermenting sap
from palms
...
Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used
...
The ‘Roquefort cheese’ is ripened by growing a
specific fungus on them for a particular flavour
...
a) Fermented Beverages:
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for bread making and commonly called
brewer’s yeast, is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices to produce ethanol
...
b) Antibiotics:
Antibiotics are chemical substances, which are produced by some microbes and can kill
or retard the growth of other disease causing microbes
...
Alexander Fleming while working on Staphylococci bacteria, once observed a mould
growing in one of his unwashed culture plates around which Staphylococci could not grow
...
Later, Ernest Chain and Howard Florey made its full potential
effective antibiotic
...
NCRTSOLUTIONS
...
Statins (Monascus purpureus yeast) – used as blood cholesterol lowering agents
...
This treatment is carried out in two stages;
Primary treatment / Physical treatment:
It involves physical removal of particles from
the sewage through filtration and sedimentation
...
The effluent from the primary settling tank is taken for secondary treatment
...
While growing, these microbes consume the major part of
the organic matter in the effluent
...
BOD is a measure of the organic matter present in the
water
...
Once the BOD of sewage water is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passed into a
settling tank where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment
...
A small part of this sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the
inoculum
...
NCRTSOLUTIONS
...
During this digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen
sulphide and carbon dioxide
...
The effluent from the secondary treatment plant is generally released into natural water
bodies like rivers and streams
...
Certain bacteria, which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of
methane along with CO2 and H2
...
These bacteria are also present in the rumen of cattle
...
In rumen, these bacteria help in the
breakdown of cellulose and play an important role in the nutrition of cattle
...
Dung can be used for
generation of biogas commonly called gobar gas
...
The biogas plant consists of a concrete tank in which bio-wastes are collected and slurry
of dung is fed
...
The biogas plant has an outlet, which is connected to a pipe to supply biogas to nearby
houses
...
The biogas thus produced is used for cooking and lighting
...
Baculoviruses (Nucleopolyhedrovirus) – to attack insects and other arthropods
...
NCRTSOLUTIONS
...
The main sources of biofertilisers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria
...
Fungi:
Symbiosis – Mycorrhiza with root system of genus Glomus and absorb phosphorus and
water from the soil for the plant growth
...