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EXAM SUMMARY
GLOBAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Undergraduate Academic Degree Level

July 2020
Written & Delivered By:

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

2

GLOBAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
EXAM SUMMARY
Introduction
Peregrine Academic Services, the higher education division of Peregrine Global Services,
provides assessment services for performing direct assessment of learning outcomes for several
academic disciplines
...

This document outlines the Global Business Administration assessment service for
undergraduate academic degree levels
...

Validity and Reliability
Peregrine Academic Services places a high priority on ensuring the validity and reliability of the
assessment services
...
A summary of these approaches
is provided at the end of this document
...
O
...
, Lemmon, J
...
(2019)
...
Transnational Journal of Business, 4(Summer), 63-74
...
Each exam is unique as questions are
selected at random from the test bank of over 200 questions per topic
...


Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

Available Exam Topics
The specific topics for this assessment service that are available for use with a customized
assessment are:
•

Accounting

•

Business Ethics

•

Business Finance

•

Business Integration and Strategic Management

•

Business Leadership

•

Economics
o Macroeconomics
o Microeconomics

•

Global Dimensions of Business

•

Information Management Systems

•

Legal Environment of Business

•

Management
o Human Resource Management

o Operations/Production Management
o Organizational Behavior

•

Marketing

•

Quantitative Research Techniques/Statistics

3

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

4

Subjects and Example Questions
The following pages include the specific subjects included with the topics along with example
questions for the topic
...

Test bank questions are written and proofed by terminally degreed, subject matter experts
from accredited institutions who have teaching experience with the specific discipline
...


•

All multiple-choice format with 4 possible responses and only one correct response
...


•

“All of the Above” (or similar) or “None of the Above” or “A & C” responses are not
used
...


Concept-based error

…misunderstood the concept
...


Interpretation-based error

…incorrectly interpreted the question
...


Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

5

Accounting
Subjects
•

Accounting Management (Questions related to accrual accounting, revenues and
expenses, the balance sheet, and inventory accounts)

•

Assets and Liabilities (Questions related to accounts receivable, write-offs, collectable
accounts, and buyer’s records)

•

Balance Sheet (Questions related to time frames associated with balance sheets, the
statement of financial position, accounts receivable, and valuation of inventories)

•

Business Organization Types (Questions related to forms of business organizations)

•

Capital (Questions related to paid-in-capital, value of stock, distributions of earnings,
and par value)

•

Debit and Credit Entries (Questions related to accounts receivable, transactions, last in
first out, first in first out, and notes receivable)

•

Fiscal Year (Questions related to the firm’s operating cycle, equity balance sheet, assets,
owner’s equity, and liabilities)

•

Income and Costs (Questions related to inventory cost flow assumption, balance sheet
inventories, cash balances, and general ledger accounts)

•

Income Statement (Questions related to revenues, gains, expenses, and losses)

•

Revenues and Expenses (Questions related to operating activities, net assets, cash
disbursements, and common stock)

•

Transaction Analysis (Questions related to matching revenue and expenses, notes
payable, reconciliation, and adjustments)

Example Questions
The beginning inventory of the current year is overstated by €5,000 and closing inventory is
overstated by €12,000
...

A
...
understated by €12,000
C
...
understated by €7,000

Correct Response: C
There are five main types of current assets
...
Cash and equivalents
B
...
Deferred income
D
...


A
...
requiring an individual, group, or organization to choose among several actions that

must be evaluated as right or wrong, ethical or unethical
C
...
requiring society as a whole to choose among several actions that must be evaluated

as right or wrong
Correct Response: B
An ethical investor is one who


...
aims to invest in ethical corporate behaviour and avoid unethical companies
B
...
supports company growth and full employment
D
...
He is quite upset with the firm's management and
thus has decided to try and gain control of the firm by soliciting enough shareholder votes to
replace the current managers
...
Going private
B
...
Stock swap
D
...
28 percent and a pre-tax cost of debt of 8
...
The debt- equity ratio is 0
...
What is the firm's
unlevered cost of capital?
A
...
80 percent
B
...
53 percent
C
...
10 percent
D
...
10 percent

Correct Response: B

8

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

Business Integration and Strategic Management
Subjects:
•
•
•
•

•
•
•

•
•
•
•
•
•

Business Level Strategy (Questions related to what businesses compete in, and how
businesses can be managed to achieve synergy)
Buying Power (Questions related to bargaining power, undifferentiated and standard
products, and distribution channel intermediaries)
Competitive Intelligence (Questions related to information gathering from public
domains, and sources of information)
Corporate Structure and Governance (Questions related to assessing changes
competitive position, human resource management, business models, and the
marketing department)
Employee Motivation (Questions related to the focus of responsibility, and
departmental output)
Entry Behaviors (Questions related to costs, exit barriers, access to raw materials,
economies of scale, and capital requirements)
Environmental Monitoring (Questions related to sociocultural changes in the
environment, new entrants, environmental trends, and the environmental scanning
process)
Goals and Objectives (Questions related to changes in strategy, short-term profit
maximization, and social responsibility)
Inventory Management (Questions related to inventory systems)
Market Entry (Questions related to complementary products, substitute products, and
market changes)
Mission and Vision (Questions related to competition and competitive advantage,
hierarchy of goals, the organization’s purpose and direction)
Stakeholder Analysis (Questions related to a firm’s stakeholders)
Value Chain Analysis (Questions related to sustainable advantages, enhancing a firms’
capabilities, manufacturing operations, and business models)

Example Questions:
Buyer power is high if


...
differentiation is low
B
...
buyers have little information
D
...


A
...
Depend upon tightly written legal contracts that take account of every potential
problem or issue
C
...
Be treated as finite games that both parties know will end sooner or later
Correct Response: A

10

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

11

Business Leadership
Subjects:
•

•
•
•
•
•

Leader Roles and Responsibilities (Questions related to the leadership process, the
psychological perspective of leadership, leadership tools, and the components of
leadership)
Leader-Follower Relationships (Questions related to group consent, status, types of
followers, and the relationship process)
Leadership Models and Theories (Questions related to the social construct of
leadership, group- emergent leadership, influence, and status)
Reward and Punishment (Questions related to group cohesion, contingencies,
perception, and behavior)
The Nature of Leadership (Questions related to personality and traits, and leadership
qualities)
Types of Power (Questions related to conformity, legitimate power, legitimizing basis of
power, and combinations of power)

Example Questions:
With the rapid dispersion of information technology and communication, leaders are being
forced to deal with followers who may be working in another part of the world
...
Effective online leaders need to develop the skill of deciphering the emotional

components of messages
...
The digital age can never transform non-leaders into leaders
...
Managers whose face-to-face leadership skills are less than satisfactory can shine

online
...
The online leader has received considerable attention from leadership experts
...
The difference has also been found to
be linked to organizational effectiveness
...
Greater emotional intelligence
B
...
Higher Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
D
...
consumption, disposable
income, and savings)
Economic Analysis (Questions related to short-run vs
...
Wage flexibility keeps output close to its potential level
...
Output fluctuates because of fluctuations in aggregate supply
...
Aggregate supply fluctuates because of fluctuations in the demand for labour
...
Labour demand might fall if technology increases faster than expected
...
Which
one of the following is not one of these reasons?
A
...

B
...

C
...

D
...


Correct Response: C

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

13

Economics
Sub-Topic: Microeconomics
Subjects:
•
•
•
•

Economic Analysis (Questions related to methods and tools used for economic analysis)
Employment Analysis (Questions related to minimum wage and price elasticity)
Pricing (Questions related to increases and decreases in pricing based on demand and
the relationship between supply and demand on pricing)
Supply and Demand (Questions related to supply curves, producer surplus, consumer
surplus, demand curves, and price elasticity)

Example Questions:
A firm charges $14 for a product
...

A
...
60
B
...
00
C
...
40
D
...
00
Correct Response: B
An increase in price, with all other things being unchanged, leads to
A
...
an inward shift in demand
C
...
an extension of demand

Correct Response: C


...


A
...
it cushions them from the effects of events in other countries
C
...
it opens up new market opportunities

Correct Response: D
are situations in which the domestic firm assumes an equity position (partial
ownership) in a foreign firm to manufacture and / or market the domestic firm's product
offerings
...
Direct investments
B
...
Franchise relationships
D
...
Provides guidance in identifying problems, finding and evaluating alternative solutions,

and comparing or selecting alternatives
...
Draws on diverse yet predictable data resources to aggregate and summarize data
...
High volume data capture process
...
Has as its goal the efficiency of data movement, processing and interfacing different

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
...
Garbage In Garbage Out (GIGO)
B
...
Dirty information
D
...


A
...
an individual cannot access the legal system because it is prohibitively expensive
C
...
the possibility to appeal a case decision ends

Correct Response: B
Fred finds George's lost dog
...
George fails
to give Fred the $350 promised
...
Yes, because Fred did something in return for the $350
...
Yes, because it is a unilateral contract
...
No, because the promise to pay was made after the act in returning the dog and past

consideration is not good consideration
...
No, because the dog was worth only $50
...
job observation and job description
B
...
job description and job specification
D
...
To accommodate changes to senior management teams
...
To accommodate the rapidly changing environments in which most organisations

operate
...
To adapt to changing skills and qualifications
...
To ensure a diverse work force is maintained at all times
...


Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

Management
Sub-Topic: Operations/Production Management
Subjects:
•
•
•
•

Management Design (Questions related to flow processes, primary functions,
production vs
...
Flat organizational structures
B
...
Standardizing processes
D
...
upstream
B
...
secondary
D
...


19

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

Management
Sub-Topic: Organizational Behavior
Subjects:
•

•
•

Employee Development (Questions related to task performance, employees and
organizational goals, job demand responses, political deviance, work output, and
employee obligations)
Management Design (Questions related to discretionary activities and quality of the
workplace design)
Personnel Planning (Questions related to workplace stress, employee attitude,
employee behaviors, and work-life balance)

Example Questions:
The concept of Communities of Practice (CoP) has grown in the past decade and can evolve
formally or informally using communication and information technology
...
A gathering of experts in a particular field who allow their work to be disseminated

over the internet
...
An individual who is willing to disseminate relevant information to interested parties
...
Groups of people who interact regularly on issues important to them and share best

practices for their mutual benefit
...
A workplace-based group willing to communicate with others using the internet and

the intranet
...
trend analysis
B
...
succession planning
D
...


20

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

21

Marketing
Subjects:
•
•
•
•

E-Commerce (Questions related to internet-based collaborators, producers, service
providers, intermediaries, and manufacturers)
Market-Driven Economy (Questions related to economic systems, marketing activities,
and profit)
Marketing Analysis (Questions related to non-profit organizations, measuring profit,
types of customers, product market, and market segmentation)
The Marketing Function (Questions related to e-commerce, collaboration,
intermediaries, and market-driven economy)

Example Questions:
The ultimate objective of a company's website is to add enough value to achieve
a state in which the customer has a vested interest to stay with the company because
switching to a competitor entails significant costs
...
loyalty
B
...
lock-in
D
...
Plan, Price, Publicize, Promote
B
...
Product, Price, Promote, Place
D
...
This indicates to
the reader that the analysis involved
...
two numerical variables
B
...
one categorical and one numerical variable
D
...
a sample
B
...
a census
D
...


Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

23

Assessment Service Validity and Reliability
The programmatic assessment services provided by Peregrine Academic Services, the higher
education division of Peregrine Global Services, are used to assess retained knowledge of
students at various academic degree levels
...

Peregrine places a high priority on ensuring the validity and reliability of the assessment
services
...
The following outlines the
approaches used to ensure ongoing validity and reliability
...

Reliability refers to the extent to which the exam results are repeatable and
therefore data sets can be compared over time
...

• Exam scoring is 100% objective using automated marking
...

• Each exam has timed response periods for questions
...

• Students are unable to copy/paste from the exam window
...

Ensuring Ongoing Validity and Reliability
Validity
To ensure test bank validity, the following measures were adopted when the initial test
banks were created
...

• The specific accreditation or certification requirements related to learning
outcomes evaluation were used to determine the topics and subjects for the test
banks
...

• Exam questions were written and reviewed by academic professionals within each

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

24

discipline
...

• Each topic has questions designated for 4-8 subjects per topic to help ensure
appropriate breadth of coverage and allow for specific learning outcomes
measurement
...

Scores are determined by summarizing the percent correct: per subject, per topic,
and by total score
...
A Reliability Report is
generated for each assessment service for its scheduled periodic review
...

Subject matter experts in the field are then contracted to modify/replace the targeted
questions
...

Reliability is determined by measuring Item Difficulty, Item Discrimination,
and Question Interchangeability
...
Data are
generated by topic and for each question
...

Item Discrimination refers to how well a question distinguishes between those
students with more knowledge (higher overall exam scores) from those with less
knowledge
...

For a given question, the Discrimination Index compares the scores of students with
high overall test scores with students with low overall test scores
...
A value of ≥ 0
...
Point-Biserial
Correlation is equal to Pearson's Correlation Coefficient between the scores on the
entire exam and the scores on a specific question
...
10 is considered
acceptable
...

Question Interchangeability refers to the ability to substitute a question in the test bank with

Exam Summary: Global Business Administration Undergraduate Level

25

another without significantly affecting the total score that an individual would receive on the
exam
...
The scale is 0 - 1
...
20 is considered acceptable

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