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What is the digestive system?
The digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract—also
called the GI tract or digestive tract—and the liver, pancreas, and
gallbladder
...
The hollow organs that
make up the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, and anus
...
The small intestine has three parts
...
The jejunum is in the middle and the ileum is at the end
...
The appendix is a finger-shaped pouch attached to the cecum
...
The colon is next
...
Bacteria in your GI tract, also called gut flora or microbiome, help
with digestion
...
Working together, nerves, hormones, bacteria, blood, and
the organs of your digestive system digest the foods and liquids you
eat or drink each day
...
Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins , minerals
, and water are nutrients
...
NIH extern al link
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NIH extern a l lin k
Proteins break into amino acids
Fats break into fatty acids and glycerol
Carbohydrates break into simple sugars
MyPlate offers ideas and tips to help you meet your individual health needs
Ex tern al lin k
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How does my digestive system work?
Each part of your digestive system helps to move food and liquid
through your GI tract, break food and liquid into smaller parts, or
both
...
Your large
intestine absorbs water, and the waste products of digestion
become stool
...
The digestive process
Previous ColumnNext Column
Organ
Movement
Mouth
Chewing
Esophagus
Peristalsis
Stomach
Upper muscle in stomach relaxes to let food enter, and lower muscle mixes food with digestive
juice
Organ
Movement
Small intestine Peristalsis
Pancreas
None
Liver
None
Large intestine Peristalsis
How does food move through my GI tract?
Food moves through your GI tract by a process called peristalsis
...
The movement pushes food and liquid
through your GI tract and mixes the contents within each organ
...