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Title: TECHNOLOGY ENVIROMENT
Description: B.Tech.Degree in Environmental Technology, First year-Semester 1. 01- TECHNOLOGY @ ENVIRONMENT 1- What is meant by the "Environment" and the "Technol ogy"? 2- Explain the components in the Geosphere and the Biosphere. 3- Briefly describe the "Green concept". 4- Discuss the relationship between technology and environment. 5- Explain how modern technology has contributed alteration and pollution. 02- 1- Differentiate "renewable" and "non-renewable" resources. 2- Why do we need to use renewable energy? 3- What does it mean by "point source pollution" and "non-point source pollution"? 4- What are the requirements for a "sustainable society"? 5- Briefly explain the relationship between climate change environment. 03- 1- What are the two types of links between human activity and the environment? 2- Briefly describe the interactions between human activities and environment using a figure 3- How does the agriculture affect to the environment? 04- 1- Why does "Neolithic period" sometimes refers as Neolithic Revolution? 2- How was the "Stones" developed as versatile tool and Weapons in Stone Age Period? 3- "Neolithic revolution had contributed some important new tools that were not primarily concerned with hunting". Support this statement with suitable examples.

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UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO – Sri Lanka
FACULTY OF TECHNONOGY
B
...
Degree in Environmental Technology
First Year – Semester I – Tutorial 1 – August 2020

ET 1002
Technology & Environment
1
...
What is meant by the “Environment” and the “Technology”?
Environment is the surrounding or conditions in which a person, animal or plant lives or
operates
...

Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in
industry
...
Both the
environment and technology is always interconnected
...
Explain the components in the Geosphere and the Biosphere
...
Geosphere directly involved in
environmental processes and it interacts with all other spheres
...

Crust- it’s the thinnest, rocky shell layer in the earth only 2% of volume and 1% of mass
...
This layer connects with all other layers mostly this important
for biosphere
...
This layer is rich in
minerals mainly magnesium and irons
...
This layer is important to keep
the magnetic field
...
Inner core contain
solid metals, mostly solid iron and nickel
...
Earth’s surface and subsurface to depths of a few kilometres and few kilometres
in the atmosphere that we can say as the biosphere
...
It mean, it contain both biotic and abiotic component
...
Abiotic component are the other portions of environment like the sunlight,
temperature, rocks etc
...
Briefly describe the “Green concept”
...
In this concept we
try to do every work that we do environmental friendly
...
In green concept we can build sustainable waste management, energy
saving activities, efficient use of resources, minimize carbon emissions, provide eco-friendly
products, and reduce energy consumption
...
Discuss the relationship between technology and environment
...
The relationship between
technology and the environment is sort of mixed
...
With continuous increase of the population all the needs are increase so to
support this needs use of technology and development of the technology is very important
...
It means that the depletion of raw materials is also very fast
...

But ideally, technology can also use to protect the environment
...
It can be used to achieve any given objective of human endeavour
more effectively and efficiently
...
so technology has two faces we are the one
that decide how to use it and we must know that without environment no life
...
Explain how modern technology has contributed to environmental alteration and
Pollution
...
With the time technology has developed lot
...
Modern technology, however, is a major contributor to environmental
change and pollution
...

It is essential to use technology to produce food that is suitable for the growing population
...
Excessive use of these inputs severely damages biodiversity and excessive use of
machinery can lead to soil erosion and degradation due to the changes in soil conditions as well
as harmful element and gases emitted into the environment cause to air pollutions and hence it

2

well make change in environment like increase in temperature, cause to acid rain and
pollution
...
Ann also it will make hazardous waste and all these will effect to the
environment
...

2
...
Differentiate “renewable” and “non-renewable” resources
...


inexhaustible

exhaustible

Requires a large land especially for wind and
solar farm
...
Why do we need to use renewable energy?
When we talk about energy there are two parts as renewable and non-renewable
...
Non-renewable energy comes from sources that will
run out or will not be replenished in our lifetimes—or even in many, many lifetimes
...
Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels: coal,
petroleum, and natural gas
...
As well as there are problems with
security of supply in non-renewable resource because these depend on the resource in
question, and also because of this high population the demand is also increase but because of
limited recourse will create problem in supply
...

To provide the required energy, it will need more resources to create energy but non-renewable
energy resources are so limited and that is an also a reason to use and devalop the renewable
energy production and developments
...
Because renewable energy is available in every
corner of the world and only need technology to convert these resources to energy source and
3

these are environmental friendly but non-renewable energy need lot of money to even to
extract and only fever of countries has these resources and also it create power struggle and
poverty when we consider all these, there are lot of benefit when we use renewable energy
...
What does it mean by “point source pollution” and “non-point source pollution”?
Pollution is an unwanted change in the environment by the harmful particles or
contaminants add into the environment which has harmful or poisonous effect
...
Point and non-point pollution is one of them
...

Point source pollution – single, identifiable source of pollution
...

Non-point source pollution – these sources are harder to trace back to its pollution source
...
For
example; agricultural fertilizers, the pollute air, land, and also water
...

d)
...
Our actions have a deep
impact on the environment and we need to protect it for the future generation
...
Social sustainability means
making our society work for everyone
...

Emphasize pollution prevention
...

Use loner lived products and it will help to economy and as well as foe environment
...

Actively participate to protect the earth’s habitats and species
...

Slow the population growth of the world
...

Improve environmental education practices
...
Briefly explain the relationship between climate change and environment
...
Human
activities are significantly contributed to the climate change through our emission of greenhouse
gasses
...
And because of
4

this changes also effects to the agriculture and cause to the poor crop harvests and natural
disasters of increased scale; the disruption of ecosystems; and the outbreak and spread of tropical
infectious diseases
...
a)
...
But we can
group it into 2 types as;
1- Use of natural resources( such as land, food, water, soils, minerals, plants and animals)
2- Production of wastes( from range of activities including agriculture, industry and mining, as
well as wastes from our own bodies)
b)
...


This figure shows how the human activities interact with the environment
...
Transportation,
recreation, domestic and personal activities are also happening in the environment so they are
interconnected
...

c)
...
But it also affect to the
environment
...

4
...
Why does “Neolithic period” sometimes refers as Neolithic Revolution?
With the end of last ice age few communities were favoured by geography and
climate
...
So in this period marked rise in population, growth of the size of
5

communities, and beginning of the town life and it speed up the technological innovation increased
so greatly and human social and political organization underwent a corresponding increase in
complexity
...

b)
...
They used these tools to
survive
...
These
were including hammer stones, stone cores and sharp stone flakes
...
Early tools were held in the hand, but gradually to
protect the hand from sharp edges on stone, first wrapped one end in fur or grass or setting in a
wooden handle
...
So these
were more versatile tools and weapons
...
“Neolithic revolution had contributed some important new tools that were not primarily
concerned with hunting”
...

Human’s only most primary tools and weapons in the ice age
...
After the acquired the technique of working stones the divided tools and weapons
with point and barbs
...
The existence of these devices in the
urban civilization culture shows some continuity with the end of the Neolithic
...
The drill and the toilet were derived from the bow, and the effect of the
drill piece or work piece initially rotating in one direction and the other
...
It brought rapid progress
in human life
...
It also helped with clay pots
...

Ancient drills were used for wood carving, stone carving and fireworks
...
In the drill bow, it is attached to the end of a bow so that one operator can handle it
...


6


Title: TECHNOLOGY ENVIROMENT
Description: B.Tech.Degree in Environmental Technology, First year-Semester 1. 01- TECHNOLOGY @ ENVIRONMENT 1- What is meant by the "Environment" and the "Technol ogy"? 2- Explain the components in the Geosphere and the Biosphere. 3- Briefly describe the "Green concept". 4- Discuss the relationship between technology and environment. 5- Explain how modern technology has contributed alteration and pollution. 02- 1- Differentiate "renewable" and "non-renewable" resources. 2- Why do we need to use renewable energy? 3- What does it mean by "point source pollution" and "non-point source pollution"? 4- What are the requirements for a "sustainable society"? 5- Briefly explain the relationship between climate change environment. 03- 1- What are the two types of links between human activity and the environment? 2- Briefly describe the interactions between human activities and environment using a figure 3- How does the agriculture affect to the environment? 04- 1- Why does "Neolithic period" sometimes refers as Neolithic Revolution? 2- How was the "Stones" developed as versatile tool and Weapons in Stone Age Period? 3- "Neolithic revolution had contributed some important new tools that were not primarily concerned with hunting". Support this statement with suitable examples.