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Title: Health and the Environment
Description: notes are for high school students. This note contains health as well as the diseases.
Description: notes are for high school students. This note contains health as well as the diseases.
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Health and Diseases
Definition of “good health” & “disease”
Good health- An individual is said to have good health when they are
able to function well physically, their minds are free from worry and
depression, and they are able to show care and concern for others
Disease- A condition that impacts the normal functioning of part or all
of an organism, and leads to a loss of good health
Communicable and non-communicable
diseases
Caused by pathogens,
include STD, airborne diseases, foodborne disease and
vector borne diseases
Not caused by
pathogens, cannot be
passed from one
person to the next,
many are chronic
...
Symptoms
Signs-
can be detected by someone other
that the person affected by the disease,
e
...
a rash, high body temperature, and
low blood pressure
Symptoms
are experienced by the person
affected by the disease
...
The bronchial lining also becomes inflamed and
there is increased mucus secretion
Main causes of Asthma
A family history
Lung infection
Childhood exposure to tobacco
A mother who smoked during pregnancy
Certain substances can trigger an asthma attack such as:
➢
allergens such as pollen, dust mites and animal fur
➢
Airborne irritants such as smoke and fumes
➢
Respiratory infections
➢
Anxiety or stress
➢
Sudden temperature changes
➢
exercise
Primary symptoms of asthma
shortness of breath
Coughing
Wheezing
Chest pain
Possible treatment of asthma
➢
No cure for asthma, however it can be controlled with medication
1)
Quick relief meds- inhaler
2)
Long term control meds- steroids
Lifestyle- related diseases
Nin communicable disease poor eating habits, smoking and inactivity
contribute to persons developing these diseases
Age, gender and inherited traits also impacts lifestyle diseases
Examples include obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD)
OBESITY
▪
a person consumes more food than the body requires
▪
The excess is converted to fat and is stored under the skin and around organs
▪
A form of malnutrition
CAUSES
▪
Excess carbohydrates and fat and a lack of physical activity
Lifestyle- related diseases
Signs/symptoms- breathing difficulties, increased
sweating
...
Persons who are obese are at risk if getting type
II diabetes, hypertension
...
Lifestyle- related diseases
Lifestyle- related diseases
The importance of diet and exercise
Health and balanced diet ensures that excess
carbohydrates and fats, which contribute to these
diseases are not consumed
Healthy diet limits weight gain, maintains a normal heart
rate and blood pressure
Diet should be low in saturated fats and high in dietary
fibre
Regular aerobic exercise also limits weight gain, promotes
efficient gaseous exchange, a faster metabolic rate, a
lower heart rate and an increased in muscle size and
strength
Infectious disease (communicable diseases)
Infectious disease (communicable diseases)
Infectious disease (communicable diseases)
STI’s (communicable diseases)
STI’s (communicable diseases)
HIV/AIDS
https://www
...
com/watch?v=5g1ijpBI6Dk
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome
...
It has claimed millions of lives since the first cases
was reported in the1980’s
...
7
million people worldwide living with AIDS
The Caribbean is the second most affected region in the world after Africa
The control of HIV/AIDS is very difficult to control for several reasons
•
no vaccine
•
Virus has a long incubation period
•
Difficult to convince persons to change their sexual behaviour
•
Anti-retroviral drugs are expensive
•
Social stigma
Effects of STI’s on a pregnant mother and her foetus
STI can infect the foetus during pregnancy or baby during
birth
Syphilis can pass from mother to foetus across the
placenta and can result in stillbirths or premature babies
HIV can also pass across the placenta, or from mother to
baby during both or during breastfeeding, causing the
baby to become HIV positive
Gonorrhoea can infect the eyes of baby during birth
Active herpes blisters on the genitals can infect the baby
with the virus as it is being born
Vectors and vector-borne infectious diseases
A vector is an organism that carries pathogens in or on its body and transmits
the pathogen from one host to another
Title: Health and the Environment
Description: notes are for high school students. This note contains health as well as the diseases.
Description: notes are for high school students. This note contains health as well as the diseases.