Notesale: Turn your study into money

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• Empire before 1857 continued
Monday, 23 January 2023

15:15

• https://docs
...
com/document/d/1-V_bEYvC03Ws16OVV00hTH7ih0Vtdv01IpU_hWv_Ps/edit

What was
the Bri,sh…

• Arguments for free trade:
•

• By 1840 the population had risen dramatically and Britain could no longer produce enough
population
...

• Irish famine also demonstrated that Britain could not feed its population
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• Possibility of such an attack had been discussed in political, military and naval circles since t

• Reached a new pitch after the Russo-Persian War of 1826-28 and Russo-Turkish War of 182

• In the first, a Russian army had beaten a Persian one and in the second they had almost rea

h food for its

ower the costs
titive
...
Aim to keep the existing t
○ Worried about security of sea route to India and
Ottoman Empire and Russia stepping into forme
etc
...
Didn
Mediterranean – saw as indirect threat to naval

the beginning of the century when Napoleon had showed the way

28-29

ached Constantinople
...


• Workshop of the world: commercial success ba
machine produced cotton the dominated one –
than half of Britain’s exports
...

bout instability in France, Austria,
territorial order intact
...
Had cl
India

• Everyone worried about Russian manpower and much was made of the legendary Cossacks
• Britain’s foreign policy became directed towards checking the Russians
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• Russia invaded the Turkish Balkans in 1853 which also went wrong, although the navy sank

• Basically cold war in this period between Britain and Russia
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• Armies were beaten 4 times and Sevastapol was abandoned
...


• The Russians had urged the shah to hold onto it in defiance of Britain, but faced with an Ang
• Despite this success, Russia continued her advance eastwards beyond the Caspian towards

• The war also destroyed the harmony between the great powers in European which had pre
defeated Denmark, Austria and the South Germany States and then supported by the rest o
Britain not greatly involved in European politics – still isolationist and committed to imperia
India before the mutiny

Growing concern in government circles about growth of government power
• EIC officials came o be seen as greedy, unscrupulous and self-seeking
...

• Clive seen as an example of this
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the beginning of the century when Napoleon had showed the way

28-29

ached Constantinople
...
Also worry that the British fleet would be of marginal advantage
...
Russi

n to the Crimea with orders to capture Sevastapol and demolish its dockyards and store houses

and indirectly to therefore forestall any threat to India which might have followed Russia replacing B

in the Near East/Central Asia
...


the northern border of Afghanistan
...
Immediate beneficiaries were Italian and German nationalists – Italy united with F
of Germany, France
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• I

• H

• H

• H

• H

• U

• 1

Britain as the dominant power in the Middle East

sr-ud-Din to abandon his claim to Herat, a fortress on the border with Afghanistan

nt and Samarkand
...
In three successive wars, Prussia
uis XIV’s former palace at Versailles

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