Search for notes by fellow students, in your own course and all over the country.
Browse our notes for titles which look like what you need, you can preview any of the notes via a sample of the contents. After you're happy these are the notes you're after simply pop them into your shopping cart.
Document Preview
Extracts from the notes are below, to see the PDF you'll receive please use the links above
Characteristics of organisms and classification
Characteristics of living organisms
It’s not always obvious to know whether something is alive or non-living like is a virus
living or dead
...
This
makes new organisms of the same species as the parents
...
Evolution and the isolation of
populations, leads to the development of new species
...
The science of placing organisms into categories on the basis
of their characteristics is called classification
...
Taxonomist place organisms into groups by their characteristics
...
Each of these
kingdoms contain different species and can be classified using further groups
...
This is called a
hierarchy of classification
...
He gave every organism two part name
based entirely on their body structure this is called the binomial system
...
Bacteria cells do not
have organelles like plant or animal cells but are able to carry out all life processes so
they are considered living
...
There are two types of bacteria, the first is parasites which feed on living
organisms or saprotrophs which feed on the dead
...
If they live in an environment which supplies their needs, they multiply using binary
fission
...
The generation time can be as little as 20
minutes in ideal condition
...
All pathogenic bacteria are
parasites
...
All
viruses are parasites and can harm their host
...
Fungi
The fungi are very large group of organisms
...
Fungi cells have cell walls made of a mixture including chitin
...
Fungi may also feed by
parasitic methods
...
Single celled fungi like yeast reproduce asexually by binary fission but others
reproduce by the production of spores
...
Fungi also require certain requirements these are:
A
...
B
...
C
...
Fungi do not require light since they don’t rely on photosynthesis products
...
Importance of fungi
A
...
They are used in biotechnology which is the brewing and baking industries
...
They can make them self a source of food Eg mushroom
Plants
Plants manufacture food molecules from simple, inorganic sources by the process of
photosynthesis using light as a source of energy
...
Seed plants have proper roots, stems, leaves, vascular tissues and water prove
covering
...
The seed plants
are able to live and reproduce in dry environments
...
The conifer dominate the landscape in colder climates where flowering plants can’t
compete
...
They don’t depend on insects for
pollination
...
The angiosperms or flowering plants are the most successful type of plants
...
They have large leaf surface to allow high rate
of photosynthesis
...
The ovary
protects the ovules and developing embryo particularly from drying out
...
Fruits are formed
from ripened ovaries
...
The animals with backbone are called vertebrates while animals
without backbone are called invertebrates
...
Nematodes have bodies that are specialised for feeding and reproducing
...
Annelids have long segmented bodies and chaetae such as the earthworm
Molluscs have hard shell protecting their soft body with no limb
...
The
arthropod phylum includes three other classes:
Crustaceans, myriapods, insects and arachnids
...
Vertebrates have hard bony internal skeleton with a backbone
...
There are five classes of vertebrates which are the fish, amphibians, reptiles,
birds and mammals
...
They also have fins for movement and stability
...
Reptiles have dry scaly skin to limit water loss, tail for swimming, limbs efficient for
crawling and climbing, mouth has teeth or bony ridges to help in feeding
...
Mammals are endothermic and have wide range of adaptations
...
They reproduce sexually,
have fur as a means of keeping a regular temperature and all