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Science
*Chapter 1: Introduction to Science*
1
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It
involves observing, questioning, hypothesizing,
experimenting, analyzing, and concluding
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Branches of Science
a
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Formal Sciences:
- Mathematics: study of numbers, shapes, and
structures
- Logic: study of reasoning and argumentation
c
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Scientific Method
a Observation: identifying phenomena or patterns

b
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Hypothesis: proposing explanations for
observations
d
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Experimentation: testing hypotheses through
controlled experiments
f
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Conclusion: drawing conclusions based on
analysis
*Chapter 2: Physics*
1
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Fundamental Units:
- Meter (m): unit of length
- Kilogram (kg): unit of mass
- Second (s): unit of time
- Ampere (A): unit of electric current
- Kelvin (K): unit of temperature
- Mole (mol): unit of amount of substance
b
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Motion
a
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Laws of Motion:
- Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)
- Newton's Second Law (Force and Acceleration)
- Newton's Third Law (Action and Reaction)

1
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Types of Forces:
- Gravity
- Friction
- Normal force
- Tension
b
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Energy
a
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Law of Conservation of Energy
*Chapter 3: Chemistry*
1
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1
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Elements:
- Definition: substances consisting of only one type
of atom
- Examples: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
b
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Chemical Reactions
a
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Laws of Chemical Reactions:
- Law of Conservation of Mass
- Law of Definite Proportions
1
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Definition:
- Acids: substances that donate hydrogen ions
- Bases: substances that accept hydrogen ions
b
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Introduction to Biology
Biology is the study of living organisms and their
interactions with the environment
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Cells and Tissues
a
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Types of Tissues:
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Nervous tissue
1
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Types of Organisms:
- Prokaryotes
- Eukaryotes
b
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Evolution
a
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Evidence for Evolution:
- Fossil record
- Comparative anatomy
- Molecular biology
*Chapter 5: Earth Science*
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1
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Study of the Earth's Physical Structure:
- Crust
- Mantle
- Core
b
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Meteorology
a
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Types of Clouds:
- Cumulus
- Stratus
- Cirrus
1
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Study of the Earth's Oceans:*



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