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Cell Structure
Organelles
Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)
Golgi apparatus
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Centrioles
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Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER)
Is a network of phospholipid
membranes that form hollow
tubes, flattened sheets, and
round sacs
...
Function of ER :
1- Transport: Molecules,
such as proteins, can move
from place to place inside
the ER, much like on an
intracellular highway
...
Lipids are also
produced in the ER
...
How (RER) work?
1- the ribosomes
makeproteins that are then
transported from the ER in
small sacs called transport
vesicles
...
3- The rough endoplasmic
reticulum works with the Golgi
apparatus to move new
proteins to their proper
destinations in the cell
...
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
It does not have any ribosomes
attached to it, and so it has a
smooth appearance
...
2- The SER is made up of tubules
and vesicles that branch out to
form a network in plant
...
4- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
and RER form an interconnected
networks
...
The cisternae look a bit like
a stack of deflated balloons
...
2- It is also involved in the
transport of lipids around the
cell
...
4- It can be thought of as
similar to a post office; it
packages and labels “items”
and then sends them to
different parts of the cell
...
2- Plant cells can have up to
several hundred Golgi
stacks scattered
throughout the cytoplasm
...
Vesicles
Is a small, spherical
compartment that is
separated from the cytosol
by at least one lipid bilayer
...
Function of Vesicles:
1- Vesicles are basic tools of
the cell for organizing
metabolism, transport, and
storage of molecules
...
They can be classified by
their contents and function
to:
Transport vesicles move
proteins from the rough
endoplasmic reticulum to the
Golgi apparatus
...
Lysosomes function:
1- Break down harmful cell
products, waste materials,
and cellular debris and then
force them out of the cell
...
3- Break down cells that are
ready to die, a process called
autolysis
...
peroxisomes self-replicate
by growing bigger and then
dividing
...
Peroxisomes function :
1- Break down harmful
substances
...
3- Hydrogen peroxide is
toxic, and in turn is broken
down into water (H2O) and
oxygen (O2) molecules
...
Function
1- Can have secretory,
excretory, and storage
functions
...
Centrioles
Are rod-like structures
made of short microtubules
...
Two perpendicular
centrioles make up the
centrosome
...