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Title: html notes
Description: It gives full understanding of html language in faster nd easy method.

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS

What is HTML?
 HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
...

 HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup
...

 HTML tags normally come in pairs like

and


...

 The end tag is written like the start tag but with a forward slash inserted before the
tag name
...


Types of Tags
There are two types of tags
...
Paired Tags: a Tag is said to be paired tag if it is along with a companion tag and is
placed on the sides of the text
...
The tag
along its companion tag
causes the text contain between them to be rendered
in bold
...

2
...
It does not
have any companion tag with it
...
This
tag does not require any companion tag with it
...
The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine
how to display the document
...
Identifies the document as written in HTML
...
The head provides information about the document
...
A descriptive title is required
...
The body contains the content that displays in the browser
...
It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any
HTML tags)
...
it is an instruction to the web
browser about what version of HTML the page is written in
...
The declaration for HTML5 is:


HTML Versions
Since the early days of the web, there have been many versions of HTML
...
0

1995

HTML 3
...
01

1999

XHTML

2000

HTML5

2014

HTML5
...
2

2017

COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS

Structure of HTML Element
content goes here
...
However, for learning HTML we
recommend a simple text editor like Notepad (PC) or TextEdit (Mac)
...



...
HTML File Extension?
When you save an HTML file, you can use either the
...
html file extension
...


HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the

to

tags
...
Don't use headings to make text BIG or bold
...

H1 headings should be used as main headings, followed by H2 headings, then the less
important H3 headings and so on
...



This is a paragraph
...


This is a paragraph
...

 Attributes provide additional information about an element
...

 Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

HTML Links
Links are found in nearly all Web pages
...
A hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words or image that you can click on to jump
to a new document or a new section within the current document
...
Links are specified in
HTML using the Anchor tag
...

The
tag can be used in two ways
...
ccit
...
in">Visit CCIT website



COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS

HTML Links Target Attribute
The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document
...



...
1


...
3


...
1

This is sub topic
...
2


This is sub topic
...
4


COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS





...
3

This is sub topic
...
2


This is sub topic
...
4







COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS




HTML Images Alt & Align Attribute
The required alt attribute specifies an alternate text for an image, if the image cannot be
displayed
...
The align attribute
specifies the alignment of an image
...
gif" alt="Big Boat" align="right" />

The alt attribute provides alternative information for an image if a user for some reason
cannot view it (because of slow connection an error in the src attribute)
...
The
attribute values are specified in pixels by default
...
jpg" alt="Pulpit rock" width="304" height="228"
/>

Images on another Server
Some web sites store their images on image servers
...

src="https://www
...
com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEw
i9y53sxLrgAhVKeH0KHaV4Dl0QjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww
...
com%2Fcity-health-benefitsnature&psig=AOvVaw1RBErZag_k3LTCSStOx7-M&ust=1550210089575152"
alt="Nature">

The Title Attribute
Here a title attribute is added to the

element
...

This is a paragraph
...
The hr element can be used
to separate content
...
You can add
comments to your HTML source by using the following syntax:


Notice that there is an exclamation point (!) in the opening tag, but not in the closing tag
...
With comments you can place notifications and reminders in your HTML
...



COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

PAGE 8 OF 47

HTML FOR BEGINNERS

This is
a para
graph with line breaks





HTML Formatting Elements
HTML uses tags like and for formatting output like bold or italic text
...
Formatting elements
were designed to display special types of text
...
The text inside a
 element is
displayed in a fixed-width font (usually Courier), and it preserves both spaces and line
breaks
...

It preserves

both spaces

and line breaks
...
Browsers usually insert quotation marks
around the element
...





Blockquote for Long Quotations
The HTML
element defines a section that is quoted from another source
...



Here is a quote from WWF's website:



CCIT has been working in the field of IT education and
training since 1993
...

It is a small logo found in front of the visited URL is used to promote a company or a
trademark
...

 name - The default name is favicon
...
ico" sizes="16x16">
Computer Training Institute in Ludhiana





COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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HTML FOR BEGINNERS

Body Tag Attributes
There are many attributes of this tag which are as follows
...
default value is
return false
To disable dragging of an image on a webpage
...
default value is return
false

ondragstart
onselectstart



onselectstart="return false" bgcolor="green" >

OUTDOORS


IS WHERE LIFE HAPPENS


Discover Our Tours


This paragraph is
in Verdana, size 3 and in blue text color
...
Each table row is defined with the tag
...
By default, table headings are bold and
centered
...
A tag can contain text, links,
images, lists, forms other tables etc
...

Sometimes this can be useful, but most of the time, we want the borders to show
...




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HTML FOR BEGINNERS







Row 1, Column 1Row 1, Column 2
Row 2, Column 1Row 2, Column 2


HTML Table Width & Height Attributes
To specify the width & Height of a table in pixels or %
...
All major browsers will display
the text in the element as bold and centered
...
We can align caption using align attribute
like this
















Monthly savings
MonthSavings
January$100
February$50




HTML Table Cellpadding Attribute
cellpadding specifies the space between the cell content and its borders
...














Header 1Header 2
Row 1, Column 1Row 1, Column 2
Row 2, Column 1Row 2, Column 2


HTML Table Cells that Span Many Columns
To make a cell span more than one column use the colspan attribute
...

Qty
...
15
115
...
99
459
...
99
35
...
88


Tax
7%
42
...
64





HTML Table Cells that Span Many Rows
To make a cell span more than one row, use the rowspan attribute
...

Attribute Name

Description

align

Left | Right | Center

valign

Top | Bottom | Middle

bgcolor

Specifies background color of a table

background

Specifies background image of a table

HTML Lists
The most common HTML lists are ordered and unordered lists
...
Each list item starts with the
  • tag
    ...


    • HTML

    • CSS

    • Javascript

    • Bootstrap



    COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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    HTML FOR BEGINNERS

    HTML Unordered List the Type Attribute
    The type attribute of the
      tag is used to define the type of the list item marker
      ...
      Each list item starts with the
    • tag
      ...


      1. HTML

      2. CSS

      3. Javascript

      4. Bootstrap



      HTML Ordered List the Type Attribute
      The type attribute of the
        tag define the type of the list item marker
        ...
        If you want to start counting from a
        specified number you can use the start attribute
        ...


        • Graphic Designing


          • Corel Draw

          • Adobe Photoshp


        • UI/UX Designing


          • HTML

          • CSS

          • Javascript

          • Bootstrap

          • COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

            PAGE 21 OF 47

            HTML FOR BEGINNERS




        HTML Definition Lists
        A definition list is a list of items with a description of each item
        ...
        The
        tag is used in conjunction with
        (defines the item in the list) and
        (describes the item in the list)
        ...
        It involves everything that the user can see, touch and
        experience
        ...

        What is Backend?

        Backend, also referred to as the “server-side”, is the part of
        the website which you cannot see and interact with
        ...
        It is all about how the website works; it’s
        more

        like

        an

        indirect

        service

        provider

        for

        the

        frontend

        development
        ...
        Easily
        find HTML color codes for your website using our color picker, color chart and HTML color
        names with Hex color codes, RGB and HSL values
        ...
        com/

        RGB Value
        In HTML, a color can be specified as an RGB value, using this formula
        ...
        For example rgb(255, 0, 0) is displayed as red because red is set to its highest value
        (255) and the others are set to 0
        ...
        To display the color white all color parameters must be set to
        255, like this: rgb(255, 255, 255)
        ...

        #rrggbb
        Where rr (red), gg (green) and bb (blue) are hexadecimal values between 00 and ff (same
        as decimal 0-255)
        ...


        HSL Value
        In HTML a color can be specified using hue, saturation and lightness (HSL) in the form
        ...
        0 is red, 120 is green and 240 is blue
        ...

        Lightness is also a percentage 0% is black, 50% is neither light or dark, 100% is white

        HTML Iframes
        An iframe is used to display a web page within a web page
        ...
        The src attribute specifies the URL (web
        address) of the inline frame page
        ...
        The attribute values
        are specified in pixels by default, but they can also be in percent (like "80%")
        ...
        html" height="200" width="300">

        Iframe Target for a Link
        An iframe can be used as the target frame for a link
        ...


        COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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        HTML FOR BEGINNERS

        Youtube Autoplay
        You can have your video start playing automatically when a user visits that page by adding
        a simple parameter to your YouTube URL
        ...

        Value 1: The video will play automatically when the player loads
        ...
        youtube
        ...

        Value 1: The video will loop (forever)
        ...
        youtube
        ...

        Value 1 (default): Player controls display
        ...
        youtube
        ...
        youtube
        ...
        If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs
        in your text, the browser might mix them with tags
        ...

        Some Other Useful HTML Character Entities
        Result

        Description

        Entity Name

        Entity Number

        non-breaking space

         

         

        <

        less than

        <

        <

        >

        greater than

        >

        >

        &

        ampersand

        &

        &

        "

        double quotation mark

        "

        "

        '

        single quotation mark (apostrophe)

        '

        '

        ¢

        cent

        ¢

        ¢

        £

        pound

        £

        £

        ¥

        yen

        ¥

        ¥



        euro





        ©

        copyright

        ©

        ©

        ®

        registered trademark

        ®

        ®

        Marquee Element
        The is a HTML tag which was used to create a scrolling text or an image
        ...

        A scrolling text created
        with HTML Marquee element
        ...


        COLLEGE OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

        PAGE 41 OF 47

        HTML FOR BEGINNERS

        S
        ...
        This can be a value like 10 or 20%
        etc
        ...
        This can be a value like 10 or 20%
        etc
        ...
        This can be
        a value like up, down, left or right
        ...
        This can have a value
        like scroll, slide and alternate
        ...
        This will have a
        value like 10 etc
        ...
        This can have a value like
        10 etc
        ...
        The default value is INFINITE, which
        means that the marquee loops endlessly
        ...


        9

        Hspace: This specifies horizontal space around the marquee
        ...


        10

        Vspace: This specifies vertical space around the marquee
        ...


        HTML5 New Elements
        Many web sites contain HTML code like