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---

A
Global country study Report
On
Telecom sector of Norway and India
SUBMITTED TO
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSE

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
UNDER
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
FACULTY GUIDE
Prof
...
B
...
we would like to thank my loved ones, who have supported us
throughout entire process, both by keeping us harmonious and helping us
putting pieces together
...


Place: BARODA
DATE: - 25/11/2014

1|Page

Executive Summery
Telecom services have been acknowledged globally as an essential tool for the socioeconomic development of a nation
...

Telecommunications is one of the prime support services needed for rapid growth and
modernisation of various sectors of the economy
...
8 billion in2014 and is expected to touch US$37 billion in 2017, registering a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5
...

The rapid strides in the telecom sector have been facilitated by liberal policies of the
Government of India that provides easy market access for telecom equipment and a fair
regulatory framework for offering telecom services at affordable prices
...

This report consists of how to set up a telecommunication industry in another country with
view to determine the rules and regulation of host country
...

Topic

Particulars

No

Acknowledgement

1

Executive Summary

2

1

Introduction- Norway

4

2

Telecom industry –Norway

33

3

Telecom industry – Arunachal Pradesh

50

4

Steeple Analysis –Norway

66

5

Steeple Analysis –Arunachal Pradesh

75

6

SWOT Analysis – Norway / Arunachal

76

Pradesh
7

82

8

Finding & Outcomes

92

9

3|Page

Introduction- Arunachal Pradesh

Bibliography

103

ABOUT COUNTRY STUDY – NORWAY

INTRODUCTION

Norway officially the Kingdom of Norway is a Scandinavian unitary constitutional
monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan
Mayan and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard
...
Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land
...

The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden (1,619 km or 1,006 mi long)
...
Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic
Ocean and the Barents Sea
...
Erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013, replacing Jens
Stoltenberg
...
Between 1661 and 1814,
Norway was an absolute monarchy, and before 1661, the King shared power with
the Norwegian nobility
...
The
Kingdom has existed continuously for over 1,100 years, and the list of Norwegian
monarchs includes over sixty kings and earls
...
The Sámi people have a certain amount of self-determination and
influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament and the Finn mark Act
...


4|Page

Norway is a founding member of the United Nations, NATO, the Council of Europe,
the Antarctic Treaty and the Nordic Council; a member of the European Economic Area,
the WTO and the OECD and is also a part of the Area
...

Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, fresh,
and hydropower
...
The country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on
the World Bank and IMF lists, as well as ninth-highest on a more comprehensive CIA list
...

Norway has also topped the Legatum Prosperity Index for the last five years
...
From 2010 to 2012, Norway was classified as the most
democratic country by the Democracy Index
...
D
...
Norway then expanded its overseas
territory to parts of Britain, Ireland, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and Greenland
...
Competition from the Hanseatic League, and the spread of the Black
Death, weakened the country
...
The Union lasted until Sweden left in 1523
...
In 1814,
Norwegians adopted a constitution before being forced into a personal union with Sweden
...
In the same year, the country confirmed the
election of its own king
...
In 1949 it abandoned neutrality,
becoming a founding member of NATO
...


5|Page

GEOGRAPHY

Norway comprises the western part of Scandinavia in Northern Europe
...
Norway shares a 1,619kilometre (1,006 mi) land border with Sweden, 727 kilometers (452 mi) with Finland, and
196 kilometers (122 mi) with Russia to the east
...

At 385,252 square kilometers (148,747 sq
...
mi) without), much of the country is dominated by
mountainous or high terrain, with a great variety of natural features caused by prehistoric
glaciers and varied topography
...
The longest
is Sognefjorden at 204 kilometers (127 mi)
...
Hornindalsvatnet is the deepest lake in all Europe
...
Numerous glaciers are found in Norway
...

The land is mostly made of hard granite and gneiss rock, but slate, sandstone,
and limestone are also common, and the lowest elevations contain marine deposits
...
The
mainland experiences four distinct seasons, with colder winters and less precipitation inland
...

Because of the large latitudinal range of the country and the varied topography and climate,
Norway has a larger number of different habitats than almost any other European country
...
The Norwegian Shelf large marine ecosystem is considered highly productive
...
The lowlands around Oslo have the warmest and sunniest
summers but also cold weather and snow in wintertime (especially inland)
...
From late
May to late July, the sun never completely descends beneath the horizon in areas north of the
Arctic Circle (hence Norway's description as the "Land of the Midnight Sun"), and the rest of
the country experiences up to 20 hours of daylight per day
...


BIODIVERSITY
The total number of species include 16,000 species of insects (probably 4,000 more species
yet to be described), 20,000 species of algae, 1,800 species of lichen, 1,050 species
of mosses, 2,800 species of vascular plants, up to 7,000 species of fungi, 450 species of
birds (250 species nesting in Norway), 90 species of mammals, 45 fresh-water species of fish,
150 salt-water species of fish, 1,000 species of fresh-water invertebrates, and 3,500 species of
salt-water invertebrates
...

The red list of 2010 encompasses 4,599 species
...
The
number of threatened and near-threatened species equals to 3,682; it includes 418 fungi
species, many of which are closely associated with the small remaining areas of old-growth
forests, 36 bird species, and 16 species of mammals
...

The largest predator in Norwegian waters is the sperm whale, and the largest fish is
the basking shark
...


ENVIRONMENT
Stunning and dramatic scenery and landscape is found throughout Norway
...
National Geographic has listed the Norwegian
fjords as the world's top tourist attraction
...


GOVERNMENT
According to the Constitution of Norway, which was adopted on 17 May 1814 and inspired
by the United States Declaration of Independence and French Revolution of 1776 and 1789,
respectively, Norway is a unitary constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of
government, wherein the King of Norway is the head of state and the Prime Minister is
the head of government
...


8|Page

The Monarch officially retains executive power
...
Accordingly, the Monarch
is commander-in-chief of the Norwegian armed forces, and serves as chief diplomatic official
abroad and as a symbol of unity
...
Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway, is the legal and rightful heir to
the throne and the Kingdom
...
Constitutionally, legislative
power is vested with both the government and the Parliament of Norway, but the latter is the
supreme legislature and a unicameral body
...
The Parliament can pass a law by simple majority of the 169 representatives,
who are elected on the basis of proportional from 19 constituencies for four-year terms
...
A 4% election threshold is
required for a party to gain levelling seats in Parliament
...

The Parliament of Norway, called the Stortinget (meaning Grand Assembly), ratifies
national treaties developed by the executive branch
...
If an indicted suspect is impeached,
Parliament has the power to remove the person from office
...
A
single party generally does not have sufficient political power in terms of the number of seats
to form a government on its own
...

The Prime Minister nominates the Cabinet, traditionally drawn from members of the same
political party or parties in the Storting, making up the government
...
Reflecting its
9|Page

monarchical past, Norway was established under the Lutheran Church of Norway, and it
continues as the state church
...
Currently, this means at least ten
out of the 19 ministries
...

Through the Council of State, a privy council presided over by the Monarch, the Prime
Minister and the Cabinet meet at the Palace and formally consult the Monarch
...
The Council reviews and approves all of the Monarch's actions as head of state
...

Members of the sorting are directly elected from party-lists proportional representation in
nineteen plural-member constituencies in a national multi-party system
...
In
the early 21st century, the Labour Party has been in power since the 2005 election, in a RedGreen Coalition with the Party and the Centre Party
...

Commentators have pointed to the poor co-operation between the opposition parties,
including the Liberals and the Christian Democrats
...

In national elections in September 2013, voters ended eight years of Labour rule
...
Coming at a time when Norway's economy is in good condition with low
unemployment, the rise of the right appeared to be based on other issues
...
Solberg said her win was "a historic election
victory for the right-wing parties"
...
The government controls key areas, such
as the vital petroleum sector, through extensive regulation and large-scale state-majorityowned enterprises
...
Norway is the world's third-largest natural gas exporter; and seventh largest oil
exporter, making one of its largest offshore oil finds in 2011
...
In anticipation of eventual declines
in oil and gas production, Norway saves state revenue from the petroleum sector in the
world's largest sovereign wealth fund, valued at over $830 billion in January 2014 and uses
the fund's return to help finance public expenses
...
Nevertheless, the government budget remains in surplus
...
The rate may
be positive or negative
...
g
...
g
...
Rapid
population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries
...


FACTS
GDP - real growth rate: 1
...
)
Investment (gross fixed): 20
...
)
Exports: $154
...
)
Imports: $90
...
)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: $274
...
)
Exchange rates: Norwegian kroner (NOK) per US dollar 5
...
)

12 | P a g e

LATEST NEWS OR DEVELOPMENTS IN NORWAY
Norway previously set a goal at becoming carbon neutral by 2030:One can find it contradictory, reconciling with the fact that Norway is one of the world’s
biggest per capita polluter’s produces and exports oil at a high rate
...
Norway was courageous on doing so,
but unfortunately there is yet much work left to reach this goal and 2030 is coming closer
...
”

This way Norway aimed at achieving carbon neutrality by significantly reducing its own
greenhouse gas emissions and offsetting the remaining by investing in environmental projects
– primarily focused on fighting deforestation in developing countries – to obtain carbon
credits
...
Simply fighting deforestation and carbon offsetting is insufficient
...
Successive governments have taken all the obvious
steps
...


There is an extensive public-transport system, with trains between the big cities, ferries along
the coast and buses that call at many of Norway’s remote hamlets
...
In fact, the government is so keen to
reduce road traffic that it has said it will double funding for public transport for cities that
promise to squeeze private vehicles off the roads
...
High taxes on petrol and cars are
right, but still the majority chose to drive a car
...
plane ride compared to a 8 hr
...
Ferries exist but many are being swapped for building underwater tunnels and bridges to
accommodate for vehicles and improving the road infrastructure
...


Unfortunately the new government has not put much emphasis to the question of public
transportation and alternative transportation, rather to keep improving roads
...
Historically, it was one of the first countries to adopt a
carbon tax in an attempt to slow global warming, back in 1991
...


Norway actively invests in the development of alternative energy sources including floating
wind turbines, and “salt power”
...
As of March 2010 more than 2,000 organizations in Norway had
been Miljøfyrtårn certified
...

The Campaign is run by the Norwegian Ministry of Environment and organized as a
partnership with stakeholders from the NGOs, climate science- and research institutions,
businesses and representative groups from civil society
...

14 | P a g e

Projects to schools:


Courses and lectures to teachers on climate issues



Lectures to pupils in secondary and higher education on climate change, “Climate on the
tipping point” and “Eyewitness” on how climate change affects biodiversity



Lectures to colleges and universities – by two high-profiled polar adventurers and polar
scientific researchers

Program for small- and medium sized businesses:


Action program on how to get your business started on Co2-reductions



A networking program for sharing experiences



Facilitating seminars for capacity-building



Showcasing success-stories in media and on the website and Facebook

Public awareness activities:


Mass-media campaigns on how to live CO2-smart and reduce the carbon footprint: Focus on
how to save energy, travel smart and reduce the CO2-intensive consumption



Redesign



Inserts and magazines



Website, Facebook and You tube, carbon calculator



Supporting other events such as Earth Hour



Lectures on climate change- from a pool of scientists
Beyond carbon neutrality and its efforts in energy efficiency and profound waste
management, Norway is also committed to become leading eco-tourism destination to further
pursue its goal on sustainable living and nature protection
...




Eco villages and sustainable communities

Eco Villages and Sustainable Communities

Terra Libera Økogrend project

Three eco villages have been established in Norway
...
They all have a common principle which is to build a community
based around ideas of environmental sustainability and permaculture
...
Houses and buildings are built on
natural and sustainable materials such as wood, clay and straw
...


16 | P a g e

OVERVIEW OF INDUSTRIES, TRADE AND COMMERENCE IN
NORWAY

MINING
Mining was of relatively little importance in Norway before oil and natural gas fields were
found in the North Sea and offshore drilling began in the early 1970s
...
5 per cent in 1984), and
the percentage in any year depends mostly on world oil and gas prices
...

Oil production started on an experimental basis in 1971, and in 1974 the first seabed pipeline
was installed to bring crude oil to the United Kingdom
...
15
billion barrels and gas production was 45
...
6 billion cubic feet)
...
Norway also has several modern
petroleum refineries
...
The oil and gas sector will continue to play a leading role in the
economy over the next several decades although its prominence will decline gradually with
the progressive depletion of the deposits
...

Other raw products mined and processed in Norway include iron ore, lead concentrates,
titanium, iron pyrites, coal, zinc, and copper
...
All the coal is mined in the Svalbard (Spitzbergen)
archipelago beyond the Arctic Circle where a coal mining concession is also given to
neighboring Russia
...
The electrochemical and electrometallurgical industries form the leading manufacturing sector
...
Although all raw materials for
the aluminum industry must be imported, Norway produces about 4 percent of the world's
output of refined aluminum
...

Norway has traditionally been a major shipbuilding nation, but its share of the world's newly
built tonnage was less than 1 percent in the mid-1980s
...
Many shipyards have since shifted capacity to the
manufacture of equipment for the oil and gas offshore drilling industries and to
transportation
...


FINANCE
The Norges Bank (the central bank) is the executive body for monetary, credit, and exchange
policies
...
It is a joint-stock company with the government holding
all the shares
...

Commercial banks are influential and have close relationships with trade and industry, but
merchant banks have not reached the prominent position they enjoy elsewhere in Europe
...

The Norwegian Post Office also keeps its own banking network
...
The government participates in all of them to various degrees
...

Banking activities are regulated by several pieces of legislation such as the Commercial
Banking Act, the Savings Bank Act, and the Act on Financing and Finance Institutions
...


18 | P a g e

TOURISM
Tourism accounts for around 15 percent of total service revenues
...
In 1998, foreigners accounted for 32 percent of hotel guest nights, much less than in
previous years
...


RETAIL
Mainly as a result of Norway's relatively small domestic market, retailers have been unable to
develop into major international players and have remained small even by the modest Nordic
standards
...

Direct marketing is gaining some ground, and e-commerce is particularly robust as almost
two-thirds of the population had access to personal computers in 2000
...

King Harald I the Fairhair reigns over the first Norwegian kingdom, which is later disbanded
into small feudal states
...

985
...
His son, Leif Ericson, is among the
first Europeans

19 | P a g e

Household Consumption in PPP Terms
Country

All food

Education b
Norway

Clothing and footwearFuel and power a

Health care b

Transport & CommunicationsOther

16

7

11

5

4

6

51

United States 13

9

9

4

6

8

51

Germany

14

6

7

2

10

7

53

Sweden

17

5

12

4

14

6

41

Data represent percentage of consumption in PPP terms
...

B Includes government and private expenditures
...
Other Vikings settle in France, becoming ancestors of the
Normans
...
King Olaf I, a scion of Harald I, takes to Christianizing Norway and is later canonized as
Norway's patron saint
...
Olaf's son, Magnus I, returns from Russia to the throne and unites Denmark and
Norway
...

1397
...
Prosperity and culture decline in Norway as the
plague decimates the population
...

1799-1815
...
In 1814 Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden
...
They are allowed in return to retain their new constitution and have autonomy with a
legislature, army, navy, and customs within their boundaries
...
The Norwegians vote for independence from Sweden
...

1913
...
Women begin to play an important role in
politics
...
Sweden, Norway, and Denmark agree to stay neutral in World War I
...
The Labor Party is elected to office and continues the policies of moderation and
political liberalism dominating domestic politics since 1905
...
Norway's traditional neutrality notwithstanding, German forces invade the country in
World War II, and a resistance movement in the country cooperates with the government-inexile in London
...
The Labor Party takes office (after Germany surrenders) and remains in power for 20
years
...

1959
...

1967
...

1970
...

1970s
...

1981
...

1994
...


21 | P a g e

CONTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIES IN NATIONAL GDP

Norway has one of the highest living standards in the world, with a per capita GDP of about
US$82,185, and ranks second in the UNDP Human Development Index
...
The improved
terms of trade and rising productivity boosted domestic demand, which in turn underpinned
strong economic growth, with Mainland GDP expanding at an average of 5
...
Activities related to petroleum and natural gas extraction have continued to be of
central importance for Norway's economy, accounting for 21% of GDP, 25% of public
revenues and 58% of merchandise exports in 2007
...
Muted inflationary pressure has permitted the
Central Bank to keep interest rates low, which has further supported economic expansion
...
Moreover, in order to smooth
economic fluctuations, Norway has continued to save its budget surpluses in a fund
maintained abroad, which has attenuated appreciating pressures on the exchange rate
...
The historically high level of household debt also poses an
increasing risk as credit conditions have tightened
...
1)
...

22 | P a g e

The share of the manufacturing sector has increased slightly, largely as a consequence of
higher investments in the machinery and other equipment subsector
...

Following a period of subdued growth between 2000 and 2003, real GDP grew at an annual
average rate of 2
...
Over the same period, average real growth for
Mainland GDP was 5
...
5-3%)
...
High world prices of hydrocarbons boosted the
profits of the petroleum and gas industry as well as fiscal revenues, which in turn provided a
further impulse to mainland activity via higher demand for equipment and business services,
and higher public spending
...
Gross capital formation increased by
around 10% per year over 2004-07 and was the main driving force behind the first phase of
the economic upturn (Table I
...
Investment growth in manufacturing was especially strong,
particularly in the shipbuilding and other transport equipment subsectors
...

Private consumption grew at an average annual rate of 5
...
2),
underpinned by the expansion of disposable income and borrowing
...
5% during
2004-06, but rose by 7
...

On the other hand, low market interest rates fuelled a rapid and prolonged consumer credit
growth, including mortgage lending
...
Public consumption
also increased during the period, particularly in 2006-07, reflecting to a large extent the rise
in petroleum and gas related public revenues
...
7

1,946
...
8

2,067
...
2

282,562

302,029

310,968

352,620

387521

258,731

301,883

335,068

389,326

394421

56,168

65,058

72,210

82,185

85275

Gross domestic product (GDP)
Real GDP (NKr billion)b
Real GDP (US$

million)b

Current GDP (US$ million)
Nominal GDP per capita (US$)
Sectorial structure of GDP (% of total value
added)c
Primary sector

28
...
7

24
...
1

23
...
9

0
...
8

0
...
9

Fishing and fish farming

0
...
7

0
...
8

0
...
2

0
...
2

0
...
3

27
...
0

23
...
2

21
...
5

9
...
2

10
...
4

Machinery and other equipment

2
...
5

2
...
0

3
...
9

1
...
8

1
...
7

61
...
5

64
...
5

65
...
0

2
...
3

2
...
3

Construction

4
...
4

4
...
6

4
...
2

9
...
0

10
...
7

7
...
8

7
...
7
8
...
7

3
...
4

4
...
8

Real estate and business services

13
...
7

14
...
3

14
...
7

4
...
6

4
...
6

Education

4
...
4

4
...
4

4
...
1

12
...
0

13
...
9

100
...
0

100
...
0

100
...
5

3
...
3

2
...
8

Petroleum and gas extraction

1
...
4

1
...
4

1
...
7

11
...
6

11
...
5

Electricity, gas and water

0
...
7

0
...
7

0
...
0

6
...
1

7
...
3

18
...
4

17
...
4

17
...
5

6
...
6

6
...
3

Financial intermediation

2
...
2

2
...
3

2
...
8

10
...
9

11
...
5

Public administration and defense

6
...
0

6
...
3

6
...
6

8
...
2

8
...
9

24
...
2

24
...
9

23
...
5

4
...
4

2
...
5

Other public and private services
Total valued added
Employment (% of total working

population)e

Manufacturing and mining

Wholesale and retail, and hotels and restaurants

Other public and private services
Memorandum item
Population ('000)
Unemployment rate (annual average)f

24 | P a g e

GDP growth measured by expenditure

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

GDP

3
...
3

2
...
7

0
...
9

3
...
1

5
...
4

5
...
1

4
...
4

0
...
3

0
...
9

3
...
7

18
...
1

9
...
8

-5
...
0

13
...
3

9
...
8

160
...
6

27
...
6

-8
...
5

0
...
3

2
...
0

Imports of goods and services

8
...
1

8
...
7

-2
...
9

62
...
3

64
...
4

Private consumption

41
...
4

43
...
6

44
...
2

19
...
0

19
...
9

19
...
2

22
...
3

24
...
9

18
...
6

20
...
7

2
...
4

3
...
6

3
...
6

44
...
7

43
...
2

Imports of goods and services

26
...
2

29
...
1

31
...

Agricultural, forestry and fishing sectors together employ less than 3% of the total working
population; the share of oil and gas extraction remained stable at around 1
...

Norway's unemployment rate has fallen sharply since 2003, to 2
...
The rapid increase in foreign workers is
linked to both Norway's low unemployment rate and the accession of labour-abundant
countries to the European Communities (EC), and subsequently to the EEA, in 2004
...


Moreover, the

Government has introduced proposals at the Starting to further ease restrictions on
immigrants, including those from non-EEA countries; this should, in the short-term, alleviate
pressures on the labour market
...


GDP SECTORWISE 2013 - 2014
18,937
...
50
46,529
...
00
60,075
...
10
49,838
...
00
75,327
...
70
106,595
...
70
23,323
...
00
1,763
...
10

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

0
...
00 200,000
...
00 400,000
...
4% per year during 2004-06 was
slightly lower than the OECD averagei, its labour productivity (measured as GDP per hour
worked) is still the highest among OECD countries
...
According to Norges
Bank (the Central Bank), productivity growth seems rather to be the result of a homogeneous
and high level of human capital, which allows the wide adoption of imported information and
communication technologies
...


Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies
Norges Bank is responsible for the conduct of monetary policy
...
e
...
The operational objective is to
maintain the annual inflation rate, as measured by the consumer price index (CPI), within a
one percentage point range around the 2
...
Although Norges Bank has formally
stated that it will report to the Ministry of Finance if inflation deviates from its target, this is
not required by law
...
Its most important
monetary policy instrument is the setting of interest rates on banks' deposits in Norges Bank
(the key policy rate), which is normally done at meetings held every six weeks
...
Banks are not required to maintain minimum
reserves with Norges Bank
...
75% in June 2008
...


EXPORT IMPORT STATISTICS:-

SOURCE: ECONOMIC STATISTICS SYSTEM, BANK OF NORWAY WEBSITE

27 | P a g e

SOURCE: ECONOMIC STATISTICS SYSTEM, BANK OF NORWAY WEBSITE

Trade Commodities:-

28 | P a g e

Trade Commodities:-

In the late 1980s, petrochemical production facilities included twenty-five companies, thirtysix plants, two naphtha crackers, and three aromatics extraction plants, with an aggregate
total production capacity of 505,000 tons of ethylene per annum
...
South Norway was an important
producer of chemical fertilizers in the late 1970s (671,000 nutrient tons exported in 1980),
but both exports and production declined in the 1980s
...
18

10
...
01

104
...
14

2
...
89

27
...
30

1
...
17

19
...
16

3
...
26

20
...
21

0
...
12

25
...
68

1
...
17

16
...
71

1
...
64

7
...
98

0
...
42

11
...
36

1
...
62

12
...
49

1
...
21

11
...
14

1
...
13

8
...
48

1
...
55

15
...
63

0
...
79

9
...
13

0
...
34

6
...
47

0
...
43

8
...
05

0
...
57

2
...
42

0
...
24

6
...
06

0
...
21

7
...
00

0
...
49

4
...
50

0
...
97

6
...
04

0
...
05

8
...
16

0
...
71

2
...
20

0
...
40

3
...
92

0
...
77

2
...
40

0
...
23

4
...
48

0
...
91

2
...
93

0
...
09

1
...
93

0
...
86

9
...
52

0
...
83

2
...
78

0
...
35

5
...
68

0
...
37

1
...
65

0
...
06

4
...
71

0
...
56

0
...
49

0
...
11

6
...
56

0
...
22

1
...
22

-0
...
94

6
...
09

0
...
06

2
...
59

-0
...
35

0
...
69

0
...
39

5
...
50

0
...
16

4
...
41

0
...
63

1
...
40

0
...
01

3
...
17

0
...
47

2
...
50

0
...
46

0
...
07

0
...
82

1
...
11

0
...
57

1
...
84

-0
...
49

0
...
40

0
...
96

3
...
29

0
...
06

1
...
74

0
...
23

4
...
The ICT business covers
everything from labour-intensive firms that emphasise products they have developed
themselves, to the sale of consultancy services
...

•

Data operations/IT services

•

Consultancy services

•

Software producers

•

Producers/suppliers of data, radio and television equipment

•

Telecommunications, multimedia and the Internet

•

System integrators

Information and communication technology is a driving force behind product development
and innovation in many fields
...
This has given rise to an arrayof new products and services, and to the
proliferation of what is known as the “expanded” ICT industry
...
As a rule, ICT companies are knowledge-intensive, and most
of them are small or medium-sized
...

Beyond the relatively limited selection of ICT companies presented here, there are a number
of firms which, though they make use of information and communication technology, are
usually regarded as belonging to some other category
...


33 | P a g e

The telecommunications industry represents the bulk of the Norwegian ICT industry
...
Telenor, by far and away the country’s largest ICT company, is the predominant
telecommunications operator, with an 80% market share in traditional telephony (in terms of
number of traffic minutes)
...
Nera specialises in the development and sale of
telecommunications equipment and systems, and is a world market leader within its own
niches
...

Maritime ICT is related to suppliers of shipping equipment, shipyards and other aspects of
maritime, technology-based businesses
...
Significant technological
applications in Norwegian firms include methods and systems for vessel control, navigation,
mapping, surveillance and security systems
...
This affects the
media in general, and broadcasting in particular
...
Digitalisation
means that different distribution networks, in principle, can be used for broadcasting
purposes, which will dramatically increase the number of stations and channels
...
In addition to digitalization, there have been two other trends
of note: internationalization and commercialisation
...
It owns transmitters used by NRK, TV2, P4 and
most of Norway’s local broadcasters
...


34 | P a g e

ICT industry and skills environment in Norway
ICT skills environments in Norway have primarily sprung from the university, college and
research communities in Trondheim, Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger, Østfold and Kjeller, as well as
at a number of individual companies and local communities
...


Schibsted

Media

Tandberg Data

Information storage products

Telenor

Telecommunications

Visma

Programvare
...
There are roughly 4
...
9 million fixed lines and 3 million mobile lines
...
In addition, 54% of
Norwegian homes are connected to the internet in some fashion
...
Broadband access is generally
thought to be a problem in Norway, although this is expected to improve
...
Companies have resorted to high speed leased lines;
however generally find them to be expensive
...
There are a growing number of telecommunications companies in Norway;
however Telenor is by far the largest ICT provider
...
The
deregulation of the telecommunications industry in Norway is showing signs of
improvement
...


Nera SatCom (Nera) is a Norwegian company that is pioneering in ICT by developing
wireless information solutions
...
Nera feels there will be significant demand in the future as markets develop and
technologies converge
...
Nera has also invested in mobile satellite
communications and applied this to maritime industries
...


36 | P a g e

Telecommunication Statistics
Norway has managed to establish a number of trends amenable to the knowledge
economy
...
2
...
The following are a series of
graphs comparing Norway to the G7 and other Scandinavian countries
...
Norway is in the process of developing a stable and secure broadband
infrastructure that can offer high speed connectivity via access networks to homes,
businesses, government agencies, and organizations
...
By
global standards, these speeds must be improved to provide the capacity which will allow
more robust services to be developed and offered to the market
...
Electric, cable, and other network providers
have entered the market; therefore increased competition expected to bring down the costs
and increase the bandwidth rates for both business and consumer market
...
68% (see graph 4
...
2)
...
The government is pursuing
broadband proliferation via the following methods:
·

Fostering competition

·

Increasing public demand for broadband services

·

Enabling broadband connection to all primary and secondary schools, public libraries,
hospitals, local government by the end of 2002

·

Promoting the market to extend broadband connection to all households by the end of
2012
...
Railroads are located mostly in the
south while most of the northern regions are accessible only by ship, car, or aircraft
...

In 1999, the road network totalled 90,741 kilometres (57,000 miles), the majority being
concentrated in the more populated areas, especially in and around Oslo
...
A high-speed railroad connects the new international airport at Gardemoen with
downtown
...
In the 1990s, sizeable public investment was invested in modernizing
the larger airports, and in 1998 a new international airport opened at Gardemoen, 50
kilometres north of the capital
...
The government (along
with Sweden and Denmark) holds a 29 per cent stake in the pan-Scandinavian air company
Scandinavian Airline Systems (SAS)
...
S
...
There are also a number of smaller
private Norwegian airlines, the best known of which is the Braathens, serving both domestic
and international destinations
...
Ports are
securely built, and there are many ice-free harbours on the coastline
...

Dependence on local ferryboat services remains very significant, including in the Oslo and
Bergen urban areas
...

Norwegian merchant shipping companies own some 10 per cent of the world's total fleet, and
the fleet of offshore service ships is the world's second-largest in tonnage due mostly to the
country's huge oil and gas industry
...

Norway's energy production, as well as its usage per capita, ranks steadily among the highest
in the world
...
Norway is one of the largest oil-producing
countries in the world, yet hydropower accounts for almost all electricity generation
...
Other renewable
energy sources in the country are rather limited, and there is a single atomic power plant
which has not yet been used for large-scale electricity generation
...
Power is now sold by the utilities directly to the
large-scale users or is instead traded on the NordPool, a fully developed international
electricity market, covering Norway, Sweden, and Finland, the first one of its kind in Europe
...


43 | P a g e

Over the 1990s, Norway planned to construct 2 new gas power plants in the west, but the
debate over the increased pollution from these literally brought down one of the previous
governments
...
It is also considering other possibilities, however, such as recycled and
renewable energy sources, and plans to sharply curb electricity consumption
...
The number of fast Internet connections, such
as Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) subscriptions, is rising very rapidly, reaching
around 460,000 in 1999
...
In 1999, the number of mobile phone lines surpassed that of the fixed
ones, the former amounting to 2
...
3 million for the latter
...
Despite this competition, the
state-owned telecommunications group, Telenor, has managed to maintain a large share of
the market
...
In 2000, the Norwegian
government said it would privatize between 15 per cent and 25 per cent of Telenor in 2001,
reducing its holding to 51 per cent of the company
...


44 | P a g e

TELECOMMUNICATION BILATERAL TRADE OPPORTUNITIES WITH
INDIA AND NORWAY:-

Telecommunications operators are mastering the demands of technological and regulatory
changes while illustrating transparency, customer innovation and bringing new services to the
market
...


Indian telecom network has about 900
...

Active wireless subscribers on the date of Peak VLR in May 2013 are 727
...
65% of the total subscribers
...
73 million subscribers at the end of
April 2013 to 93
...
In the month of May 2013 alone 1
...


The rural Telephone connections have reached 354
...
41
...
Provide high speed and high quality broadband access to all village
panchayats through a combination of technologies by the year 2014 and progressively to all
villages and habitations by 2020
...
13 million in May 2013 from 15
...

 Provide affordable and reliable broadband-on-demand by the year 2015
...


45 | P a g e

 Telecom Export promotion Council (TEPC) set up to promote the export of telecom
equipment
...

 Promotion of R&D activities in Telecom Centres of Excellence
...

 Strive to create One Nation - One License across services and service areas
...

 Address the Right of Way (Row) issues in setting up of telecom infrastructure
...


Telecommunication Sector Opportunities in India have grown phenomenally in the past 3
years as has been surveyed by Indian Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology in New Delhi very recently
...

According to the report presented by taking into account the statement of Indian Ministry of
Communications and Information Technology, the telecom opportunities in India has been
growing by 20 to 40 percent every year since past 3 years
...

India is known to rank fourth in the telecom industry in Asia after China, Japan, and
NORWAY and the telecom network in India is known to stand in the eighth position across
the globe and second among the emerging economies
...
3 percent in 1999
to 4
...
The world average percentage for the telecom industry as against the
Indian average is 7
...
5 times
...

The growth witnessed by the telecom market in India has increased the number of
opportunities for the industry and this has been fueled by the growing mobile sector, which
has attained the consumer level of 10 million by the end of December 2002 that was almost
100 percent in the year
...
The
growth in the cellular subscribers has surpassed the benchmark of subscriber base
...

Telecommunication Sector Opportunities in India assures a transparent, safe, and secured
ambiance for the telecom market
...
This is because, in some of the Indian that possess land line telephones can be
substituted by mobile phones that is very unlike the developed countries
...

Few more Telecommunication Sector Opportunities in India include introduction of Internet
telephony services, privatization of VSNL, and introduction of a number of international long
distance services sector
...


47 | P a g e

Trade between India& Norway:-

Among the major European Union countries, perhaps Norway's trade relation with India is
the least substantial
...
These are some of the major exports items of
Norway to India: Machinery, iron & Steel, electronic machinery appliances, general
industrial machinery, scientific control equipment, non-ferrous metals, telecom & equipment
...
Main import items from India include articles of apparels, textile,
yarn & fabrics, misc
...


The total Indian Exports to Norway rose from US $ 70
...
24
million in 2004 and total imports from Norway were increased from US $ 96
...
65 million, according to the most recent figures for 2004
...
31% in India's total trade
...
The project obtained CEA approval in 1994 and is now
developed by J&K Power Development Corporation
...


48 | P a g e

India and Norway are dissimilar in the levels of developments, Norway is an high technology
country with the best standard of living in the world
...
Besides adaptation, many small
to medium enterprises are involved in developing products and technologies that are required
for IT solutions and services in the Norwegian market
...
There are over 40 Indian IT professionals in
Norway at present
...
One example of this link is Norway's purchase of one sounding
rocket from India in November 1997, on commercial basis
...


49 | P a g e

Telecommunication industry of Arunachal Pradesh:-

India's telecommunication network is the second largest in the world based on the total
number of telephone users (both fixed and mobile phone)
...
It
has the world's third-largest Internet user-base
...

Major sectors of the Indian telecommunication industry are telephony, internet and television
broadcast Industry in the country which is in an ongoing process of transforming into next
generation network, employs an extensive system of modern network elements such as digital
telephone exchanges, mobile switching centers, media gateways and signaling gateways at
the core, interconnected by a wide variety of transmission systems using fiber-optics or
Microwave radio relay networks
...
DTH, a relatively new
broadcasting technology has attained significant popularity in the Television segment
...

Telecommunication in India has greatly been supported by the INSAT system of the country,
one of the largest domestic satellite systems in the world
...


Indian telecom industry underwent a high pace of market liberalization and growth since the
1990s and now has become the world's most competitive and one of the fastest growing
telecom markets
...
India
has the world's second-largest mobile phone user base with over 929
...
It has the world's third-largest Internet user-base with over 137 million as of June
2012
...


Telecommunication has supported the socioeconomic development of India and has played a
significant role to narrow down the rural-urban digital divide to some extent
...
The government has pragmatically used modern telecommunication facilities to deliver
mass education programmers for the rural folk of India
...

This includes tracking of people, missing person information, helpline numbers, wi-fi
facilities in relief camps along with mobilising temporary Mobile Base Stations (Cell on
Wheels - COWs), as the cyclone Nilofar is about to hit the Arunachal Pradesh coast, a joint
statement by two telecom industry bodies said here Wednesday
...

Now, the Indian telecom companies are better prepared to ensure that people remain
connected in the districts that may get affected by the cyclone
...
Mathews, director general, Cellular Operators' Association of India (COAI) said
...

"The industry is with the people of Arunachal Pradesh as the cyclone Nilofar approaches the
state
...
The industry will work at tandem
51 | P a g e

with the state and central governments for restoring normalcy as early as possible," Ashok
Sud, secretary general, Association of Unified Service Providers of India (AUSPI) said
...

The telecom companies are working very closely with the department of telecommunications
as well as the Arunachal Pradesh chief minister's office and other local bodies to share
information and coordinate efforts, the statement said
...


52 | P a g e

Major players in telecommunication industry In Arunachal Pradesh:-

The Indian telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing in the world
...

This has made the sector more competitive, while enhancing the accessibility of
telecommunication services at affordable tariffs to the consumers
...

This growth, however, has and continues to be at the cost of the Climate, powered by an
unsustainable and inefficient model of energy generation and usage
...

The telecom industry has witnessed significant growth in subscriber base over the last
decade, with increasing network coverage and a competition-induced decline in tariffs acting
as catalysts for the growth in subscriber base
...
The sector expected to witness up to US$ 56
...


Current Scenario
The Indian telecom sector has witnessed tremendous growth over the past decade
...
A liberal policy regime
and involvement of the private sector have played an important role in transforming this
sector
...
02 million
...

The growth story and the potential have also served to attract newer players in the industry,
with the result that the intensity of competition has kept increasing
...
81 million as of March 31, 2013, with as many as seven out of eight net
users in the country accessing the services via their mobile phones, according to telecom
regulator TRAI
...
2 million at the
end of the last fiscal
...
05 million as of March 31, 2013,
from14
...
The number of non-mobile internet subscribers
in the quarter ended March 31, 2013, grew to 21
...
57 million, registering a
quarterly growth rate of 0
...

Liberalization of the sector has not only led to rapid growth but also helped a great deal
towards maximization of consumer benefits, evident from a huge fall in tariffs
...
In simple terms, ‘Teledensity’ is the number of landline telephones in use for
every 100 individuals living within an area
...


Third-world countries may have a teledensity of less than 10
...
Teledensity has decreased from 76
...
16 at the end of April, 2013
...


54 | P a g e

While urban teledensity reached 139
...
49 per cent
...
80 million in
February, 2013 to 544
...
Subscription in rural areas
increased from 349
...
47 million during the same period
...
77% and 0
...
The overall urban
Teledensity has decreased from 146
...
58 and Rural Teledensity increased from 41
...
37
...
80 million in March 2013 to
867
...
09%
...

The share of urban wireless subscribers has decreased from 60
...
11% whereas share
of rural wireless subscribers has increased from 39
...
89%
...
71 from 70
...
Wireless subscription
in urban areas decreased from 525
...
18 million at the end of
April 2013
...
50 million to 345
...
The urban wireless Teledensity has decreased from 140
...
33
and rural Teledensity has increased from 40
...
59
...
A majority of the investments
will go into the capital expenditure for setting up newer networks like 3G and developing the
backhaul, among other things
...
The mobile service penetration in the
country is currently at 51 per cent and is expected to grow to 72 per cent by 2016
...
7 billion
...
, which continue to form close to 80 per cent of VAS revenues
...
8 billion by 2015, with the next wave of growth
in subscriptions expected to come from semi-urban and rural areas
...
70 million subscribers at the end of
March 2013 to 91
...


56 | P a g e

Handsets

The mobile handset market's revenues in India will grow from US$ 5
...
8 billion in 2016, according to the study
...
4
million in 2016 at a CAGR of 11
...


The Indian mobile handset market posted revenue of Rs 359
...
30 billion in the earlier fiscal year on the back of increasing sale of
smartphones
...
1 per cent, Samsung ended the year with
revenue of Rs 113
...
91 billion last year showing a growth of 43
...
The iconic Apple posted revenue of Rs 12
...
50 billion in the previous financial year
...
The market share of telecom operators of the telecom
companies reflects the fragmented nature of the industry, with as many as 15 players
...
94 per cent share, Reliance (16
...
41 percent), Idea (12
...
51 per cent), Tata (8
...
93 per cent), with the remaining share being held by other smaller operators
...
It is a state owned telecom company with its headquarters located in New
Delhi
...
As of April, 2011
87
...

58 | P a g e

MTNL:Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) was set up in the year 1985, to run telecom
operations in the major metro cities of India, Mumbai and Delhi
...
MTNL was the first company in India to initiate 3G services in India, having the
brand name of “MTNL 3G Jadoo Services” which provided options as Video call, Mobile
TV, Mobile Broadband etc to the customers
...
Airtel runs its operations in as many as 19 countries across the world and is also
ranked fifth as telecom service provider globally
...
61 million users which make it the biggest mobile service operator in India
...


Reliance Communications:-

Also known as RCOM was set up in 2004, with its head office in Navi Mumbai
...


Aircel:-

Aircel was founded in 1999, with its head office in New Delhi
...


Vodafone:-

Vodafone was founded in 1994 with its head office at Mumbai
...


59 | P a g e

Tata Indicom:-

The Tata Teleservices was founded in 1996, with its headquarters in Navi Mumbai
...
It also provides 3G
services to its subscribers
...
It is a U
...
based company
...


60 | P a g e

The Indian telecom industry has come a long way since its liberalisation era
...

The plethora of telecom services evolved over the years, ranging from basic telephony to
voice, video and data services, Wimax, WLAN and VPN, and bandwidth on demand to
virtual private networks have catalysed revolutionary changes in the business operations for
the service sector, i
...
, IT, BPO and also the manufacturing sectors etc, besides providing
millions of people access to new technology
...
In the medium-term, the industry is expected to continue to
record good subscriber growth as a result of low penetration levels, heightened competition;
a sustained fall in minimum subscription cost and tariff that increase affordability for lowerincome rural users, expansion of coverage area by mobile operators, and government
support through schemes such as the rural infrastructure roll out funded by subsidies from
the Universal Service Obligation (USO) Fund
...
Nonetheless, the lack of telecom infrastructure in rural
areas and falling ARPU of telecom service providers could inhibit the future growth of the
industry
...
Intense competitive
pressure and cut throat pricing has resulted in declining ARPUs
...
Thus, the telecom companies might have
to grapple with further decline in ARPUs, going forward
...
In
fact, the risk of steep decline in ARPUs will increase going forward as the telecom
companies penetrate rural markets that are characterised by higher concentration of
lowincome, low-usage customers
...
Alternatively, telecom operators are turning their
focus to steadily increasing the minutes of usage (MoU) to counter the sustained fall in
ARPUs
...

Lack of Telecom Infrastructure
Lack of telecom infrastructure in semi-rural and rural areas could be one of the major
hindrances in tapping the huge rural potential market, going forward
...
Further, as many rural
areas in India lack basic infrastructure such as road and power, developing telecom
infrastructure in these areas involve greater logistical risks and also extend the time taken to
roll out telecom services
...

Rural Areas Continue to Remain Under Penetrated
A rural teledensity of merely 15% point towards the fact that a majority of Indian population
still do not have access to telecom services
...
A huge 'digital divide',
which is reflected by the enormous difference of 74% between the urban and rural
teledensity, reiterates this fact
...
Thus, the service providers entering
new rural markets might witness substantial increase in subscriber base
...
Nonetheless
the revenue growth from these regions is unlikely to match the surge in the subscriber base
...
The Indian wireless market is one of the world’s most competitive markets,
with 12 operators across 23 wireless ‘circles’ and 6 to 8 competing operators in each circle
...

Spectrum is the most important resource that is required for providing mobile services
...
Thus, larger the number of service providers
smaller will be the amount of spectrum available to each of them
...
Further the growing usage
of spectrum and the resultant scarcity may lead to re-use of spectrum and increase chances
of congestion in networks leading to constraints on service quality
...
With the competitive intensity of the
industry already at such high levels new operators might find it difficult to gather significant
share in Indian telecom market
...

Price War Between the Service Providers Putting Pressure on Margins
The ever-increasing competitive intensity in the sector, with licenses and spectrum in several
circles allotted to newer operators, is also a concern and could lead to unrealistic pricing
levels to grab subscribers
...
The intensifying price war could put
significant downward pressure on the industry revenue growth
...

63 | P a g e

Spectrum Allocation
3G Spectrum availability is one of the major concerns for the industry
...
However, the spectrum allotment has been the most controversial issues in
the Indian telecom sector
...
Given the highly-competitive
nature of the Indian telecom industry on one hand, and limited licenses in the 3G network on
the other, the risk of excessive biding by the service providers has increased
...
Further,
there exists a risk of delay in allotment of proposed spectrum to the service providers who
have successfully bid for the 3G spectrum
...
Given the
continuously-declining ARPUs, and the extremely-low tariffs, sustianing the current growth
rates of the industry requires urgent attention towards rationalising the convoluted tax
structure in the sector
...
Further with regard to license fees, which currently
stand at 6%-10% of total revenue, TRAI has suggested that it be reduced at a uniform rate of
6% across all licences
...

High cost of devices (PC and laptop), high internet charges and lower wireline connections
have been some of the major factors inhibiting broadband penetration
...

Other Growth Inhabiting Factors
While the implementation of mobile number portability is likely to aid improvements in
quality of service, it is also likely to increase the churn out ratio significantly
...

The deployment of 3G services is likely to help the emergence of new VAS
...
Comparatively higher cost
of handsets required for accessing 3G services is likely to be one of the major roadblocks in
mass 3G adoption in India
...
The Union of Education Norway (UEN) had long considered that there were too
few career incentives for teachers
...
In the 2008, the
UEN suggested introducing a new and higher wage scale for teachers on the basis of
competence
...
On a per-capita basis, it
is the world's largest producer of oil and natural gas outside the Middle East
...

Norway has also topped the Legatum Prosperity Index for the last five years
...
The suggestion was accepted, and procedures were agreed to promote and retain
highly competent teachers, as identified by the school leader
...


66 | P a g e

Economic Environment
The Norwegian economy realized good growth in the past years and is expected to reach
$608
...
Most of the sectors of Norway are open for foreign direct investment
(FDI)
...
Some of the major industries in Norway are permitted 100% FDI
...
The mining and
manufacturing sector attracted 50% of total FDI inflows in 2012
...

The major source of income of Norway is the energy industry which is driving the economy
...
In the services sector, real estate activities and IT industry contribute the major
chunk to national GDP
...
These industries are
attracting ample amount of FDI
...
The Norwegian farm culture
continues to play a role in contemporary Norwegian culture
...
In the 19th century, Norwegian culture blossomed with nationalist efforts to achieve
an independent identity in the areas of literature, art and music
...
In Norway, 93% of people believe that they know
someone they could rely on in a time of need, more than the OECD average of 90%
...
While on average in the OECD there is a clear
relationship between the availability of social support on the one hand, and people’s
education level on the other, in Norway there is little difference as in around 91% of people
who have completed primary education report having someone to count on for help in times
of need, compared to 94% for people who attained tertiary education
...
Norway has a very low density of population, which is negatively impacting
some industries, such as retail, food, clothing etc
...
Around 53% reported
having helped a stranger on an average, more than the OECD average of 48%
...
Across the OECD, slightly more men aged 25-64
have the equivalent of a high-school degree compared with women from the same age group
...

Among younger people – a better indicator of Norway’s future– 83% of 25-34 year-olds have
earned the equivalent of a high-school degree, slightly more than the OECD average of 82%
...
Total health spending accounts for
9
...
5% across OECD countries

FUTURE TRENDS IN NORWAY
After entering a downturn in 2008, the Norwegian economy headed for a mild recession in
2009
...
4% in 2009
...
5% in 2010
...
8% in 2011
...
People in Norway devote 68%
of their day, or 15
...
9 hours
...


68 | P a g e

The telecom operators has put out a five-point action plan for the new Government primarily
aimed at reducing levies and improving the financial health
...
But the new Government will have lot of
challenges especially with the industry sharply divided over key issues
...
India is a predominantly
wireless economy with fixed wireline penetration being very limited; hence rollout, adoption
and benefits of broadband will be primarily driven through mobile broadband
...
To address and cater to this, identification and
allocation of new spectrum bands with clear future plans for availability of spectrum are
crucial
...

“Essentially, the Government should make available to the industry, all spectrum in all the
bands (e
...
2100 MHz, 1800 MHz, 800 MHz and 700 MHz) presently lying unutilized by
various government agencies in conformity with globally harmonized bands and should
provide a clear road-map of spectrum availability in the future,” said Rajan mathews,
Director General, Cellular Opertaors Association of India
...
In terms of telecom
infrastructure investments too, India accounts for just 11 per cent of the total investments in
the Asia-Pacific region while compared to China, which accounted for nearly 50% of the
investments in the region in 2012-13
...
The industry will also need to
work closely with Government, international standards bodies, Over-the-Top service
providers (like Google, Facebook) and the Civil Society in promoting security while also
69 | P a g e

ensuring the legitimate rights of consumers for privacy
...

Though the sector has been awarded “infrastructure status”, there is a need to implement the
benefits of the status for the industry in parity with other infrastructure sectors in the country
...
The best practices from various countries
in the areas of spectrum trading, sharing, refarming, M&A, innovation band, etc
...
The new Government is expected to give crystal clear
policies to eliminate and close all litigations in the telecom sector
...
As per industry estimates, the total number of over the top
users on smartphones are expected to rise from 276
...
32 billion in 2016
...
Over-the-top users in 2012 accounted for 2% of the total
global mobile subscription base and are expected to increase to 18% in 2016
...
5 billion in 2016, but its impact is already being felt by mobile
operators today
...


Thus, the revenue earned by the operators need to grow in order to meet the enhanced
network requirements,” Mathews said
...
Thus, there is a need to find alternatives to monetize these
70 | P a g e

services, by exploring a revenue sharing arrangement between the over-the-top service
providers and telecom service providers
...

TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS:

Norway Green Revolution that aims to help people escape from prolonged hunger and
poverty in a short period of time
...




NOPIA (Norway Project on International Telecommunication) is a program that operates
at the research institution of the partner country and by the researchers and extension
agents of both Norway and the partner country
...




Technical Cooperation between Developing Countries (TCDC) - Norway institutes have
shared their knowledge with other developing countries
...
RDA has
trained around 3,700 researchers and extension workers in 116 countries since 1972
...
These trainings were held in the forms of group trainings
...




Telecommunication share in employment is also reduced from 11
...
0 %
...




Livestock production in total telecommunication production Norway is 36%
...
9
...
7
...


LEGAL FACTORS


Acts regarding the Telecommunication sector in Norway are exhaustive and restrictive
...


ETHICAL FACTORS


Norway Much like other counties that face ethical problems and corruption, the Norway
Government has taken steps to try to rectify these problems
...




In Norway, there are many laws and regulations that require licenses, permits, and
inspections, and anyone can meet many legal requirements simply by going through
normal and ethical procedures Norway place great value on an informal network that
includes the family system, the schools one attended, and regionalism
...
)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 14
...
5% (male 3,515,271/female 3,113,257)
25-54 years: 47
...
4% (male 3,012,051/female 3,081,480)
65 years and over: 12
...
)
Dependency ratios:
Total dependency ratio: 37
...
9 %
Elderly dependency ratio: 17
...
8 (2014 est
...
2 years
Male: 38
...
6 years (2014 est
...
16% (2014 est
...
26 births/1,000 population (2014 est
...
63 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est
...
)

73 | P a g e

Urbanization:
Urban population: 83
...
71% annual rate of change (2010-15 est
...
736 million; Busan (Pusan) 3
...
622 million; Daegu (Taegu) 2
...
538
million; Gwangju (Kwangju) 1
...
07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1
...
13 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1
...
69 male(s)/female
Maternal mortality rate:
16 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
Infant mortality rate:
Total: 3
...
13 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 3
...
)
Life expectancy at birth:
Total population: 79
...
67 years
Female: 83
...
)
74 | P a g e

STEEPLED ANALYSIS OF TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN
ARUNACHAL PRADESH:-

Political

Telecom sector sets a strong set of policies to withstand the political system of the country
and it keeps on reforming its policies as per the needs
...
Companies have a stiff competition in
terms of price making with its rivals like Idea, Vodafone, Reliance, Airtel and so on
...
There is still a scope to tap rural market through extended
infrastructure network
...


Environmental
Telecom sector announced its Endeavour to build a “Green” environment friendly mobile
network and reduce its Carbon Foot print
...
Companies operate on separate laws for their employees’ health, safety and
wages
...
Ongoing projects on electronic
information towards tourists who have
arrived in Norway
2
...
Lack of competence and consciousness
in the tourist-enterprises in distribution
of booking/sale through ICT (husk bade
bedriftene selv
2
...
Connected to national and international
databases and web-sites for general
marketing/information

3
...


4
...
Lack of commercial and entrepreneurial
interest and consciousness in parts of
the small-scale tourism enterprises

5
...

6
...
Weak links between the ICT industry in
Norway and the tourism sector
...
Missing coordination of electronic
information between the culture and
sports sector and the tourism industry

Opportunities
1
...
Development of international
standardized ICT systems for tourism
Enterprises
...
Strengthen Destination Management
Organizations in Norway
4
...

5
...
Use of ICT/mobile services for
development of attractions and for a
sustainable use of national parks and
protected areas
7
...
Lack of competence/interest in the
national tourism sector to develop
distribution and booking within the
Norwegian tourism and ICT industry
...
Missing links between regional policy
areas relevant for ICT in the tourism
Sector
...
Difficult to compete with other industries
to attract key personnel/staff
4
...
High levels of costs and prices, both in
data roaming costs and the ICT/tourism
industry

SWOT ANALYSIS OF TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN
INDIA:-

Strengths:-

Huge Customer potential

Teledensity still being 48% and rural tele-density 21%
...
18 million in 2005 to6
...
98 million, at the end of
the December 2009
...
Allowed FDI
limit ranging from 74% to 100% the total FDI equity inflows in telecom sector have been
US$ 2223 million during April-November 2009-10
...
The share of private sector in total telephone connections is now 82
...


Lower capital expenditure
The Indian telecom market is a high density area, which means more population per tower
...


78 | P a g e

Weakness:-

Poor Telecommunication Infrastructure
Result: Large number of call drops
...
Some
estimates suggest that nearly 132 countries across the world already have 3G technology and
mobile services in one form or the other
...


A market strongly regulated by Government

Difficult to enter because of requirement of huge financial resources
...
g Auction of 3G license has reached Rs 15814
...


79 | P a g e

Opportunities:-

3G Telecom services and 4G services

More Quality Service

Mobile Number Portability will force the Service provider to improve their quality to avoid
losing subscribers Value added Services (VAS) The mobile value added services include, text
or SMS, menu based services, downloading of music or ringtones, mobile TV, videos,
streaming, sophisticated m-commerce applications etc
...
412700 million
(2007-08) to Rs
...
575840
million during 2009-10
...
The sector would create direct employment for 2
...

Horizontal Integration
Entry Into other consumer segments leveraging the present channels
E
...
DTH service like Reliance BIG TV, Tata SKY, Airtel digital TV by telecom majors like
Reliance, Tata and Airtel Respectively
...
More scope in content
related services, since; the consumer is influenced by local culture
...
, National festivals like
Independence Day etc
...
g
...


Declining ARPU (average Revenue per user)
E
...
price wars like per-second billing which is deflating revenues and making sure the
‘survival of the fittest’

Partiality on the part of the Govt
...
g
...


Content Piracy

81 | P a g e

ABOUT ARUNACHAL PRADESH

OVERVIEW ARUNACHAL PRADESH
Arunachal Pradesh is located in the north-eastern part of the country
...
Much of Arunachal Pradesh is covered by the Himalayas
...

It is the 14th largest state in terms of area (83743 square kms) and 26th largest in terms of
population in the country
...
The capital city is
Itanagar
...
0 per cent
between 2004-05 and 2011-12
...
6 per
cent between 2004-05 and 2011-12
...
6 percent
to the state’s GSDP at current prices whereas the contributions of secondary and tertiary
sectors were 32
...
8 percent respectively
...
7 percent from
2004-05 to 2011-12 in comparison to a growth of 13
...
5
percent of tertiary sector
...
The State has the lowest density of 13 persons per sq
...
As
against decadal growth rate of 21
...
21% over the period 1991-2001
...

Total literacy of the State rose to 54
...
59% in 1991
...
There are 20 major tribes and a number of sub-tribes inhabiting the area
...

THREE CULTURAL GROUPS:
Broadly the people may be divided into three cultural groups on the basis of their socioreligious affinities
...
Noted for their religious fervour, the
villages of these communities have richly decorated Buddhist temples, locally called
'Gompas'
...


Culturally similar to them are Membas and Khambas who live in the high mountains along
the northern borders
...
They are said to have migrated from Thailand and Burma long
ago and still using ancient scripts derived from their original homeland
...
, who worship Sun and Moon God namely, Donyi-Polo and Abo-Tani, the
original ancestors for most of these tribes
...
They invoke nature deities and make animal scarifices
...
Adis and Apatanis extensively
practice wet rice cultivation and have a considerable agricultural economy
...
They are specialised over centuries in harvesting
two crops of fish along with each crop of the paddy
...

These are hardy people known for their strictly structured village society in which hereditary
village chief still plays a vital role
...

TRANSPORTATION CONNECTIVITY OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH
NORWAY:NORWAY CONNECTIVITY / TRANSPORTATION

a) Road: Norway has a better road network than most of the other states and they are in a
fairly good condition
...

b) Rail: Norway has a good railway network that not only connects the state internally but
connects the state to other places in India also
...

c) Air: Norway 10 domestic airports apart from an international airport at different parts
...


84 | P a g e

ARUNACHAL PRADESH CONNECTIVITY / TRANSPORTATION

a) Road: Arunachal Pradesh State Transport Corporation operates regular bus-services to
various places in Arunachal Pradesh and its neighbouring states
...
Itanagar is also connected by daily buses
from Guwahati (429 km)
...
However nearest convenient railhead is
North Lakhimpur in Assam, 50 km from Naharlagun and 60 km from Itanagar
...
Indian Airlines operates direct flight from Calcutta to
Tezpur (216 km from Itanagar) on Wednesday, Friday and Sunday
...


INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO GSDP
Arunachal Pradesh has 12 Industrial Estates located in different districts and spread over a
total area of 51
...
These industrial estates have been developed in land areas ranging
from 4,540 to 202,342
...
Based on the availability of resources, the state has identified thrust
areas for industrial development including:


Industries based on agricultural, horticultural and plantation produce
...




Industries based on locally available raw-materials except timber
...




Electronics and IT-based enterprises
...
)



Facilitation

and

development

of

industrial

infrastructure

communications, etc
...



Food processing industries
...




Tourism
...
In 2012-13, the
primary sector contributed 46
...
1 per cent*) and the secondary sector (24
...

At a CAGR of 20
...

The growth was driven by telecom, forestry and logging
...
7 per cent* between 2004-05 and 2012-13
...
The secondary
sector grew at a CAGR of 14
...


OVERVIEW OF TELECOMMUNICATION NDUSTRY:
As of August, 2010,Arunachal Pradesh had 107telephone exchanges 48,756 wire line
connections provided by Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)
...
As of June 2010, 1,679
villages in the state had village public telephone
...


86 | P a g e

Under the Augmentation, Creation and Management of Infra-District SDHQ-DHQ
OFC^ Network scheme, Department of Telecom, Government of India is creating opticalfiber network with bulk bandwidth
...
Part of the eastern Himalayan range, it covers an area of
83,743 sq
...
Its climate varies from sub-tropical in the south to alpine in the north
...
Its endless variations of scenic beauty
are the first to greet sunrise in the country
...


Once described as the "Hidden Land" it has now opened its doors to outsiders
...


Among various states of NER of India, the geographical area of Arunachal Pradesh is highest
at 83,743 sq
...
In the economy of Arunachal Pradesh, structural transformation is a recent
phenomenon
...
The economy of the state was a mono-economy
characterized by traditional slash-and-burn method of telecomeand few small and cottage
industries
...

87 | P a g e

BENEFITS IN TELECOMMUNICATION POLICY OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH

Rich and varied agro-climatic conditions
Undulating topography and varied agro-climatic conditions offer vast potential for
horticulture and growing a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, aromatic and medicinal plants,
flowers and mushroom
...
Additionally, the state has sectorSpecific policies for industries related to power and telecommunication
...
To support industrial growth,
the State Government has also notified integrated infrastructure development centres,
industrial growth centres and industrial areas
...

People’s participation
The new policy would encourage formation of "Self Help Group", village committees at
different level
...


Research and Technology package

Location specific Telecom research, based on identified different zone will be accorded
foremost importance
...
Effort will be made to build a
well-organized efficient and result oriented telecom research & Education system for
introducing technological changes in the sector
...
Direct marketing and procurement by a notified
State level procurement agency, Up gradation and dissemination of market intelligence will
receive particular attention
...


89 | P a g e

SWOT ANALYSIS OF TELECOM SECTOR/INDUSTRY IN ARUNACHAL
PRADESH
Telecom sector:
Strengths:
·

The kind of subscriber bas it has in the indian market
...


·

It has a 2nd higest subscriber base in India 1st being airtel

·

Its strong advertising startiges and impact on people

·

Its Indias 3rd biggest mobile carrier

·

The brand name it has in the Indian market

Weaknesses:
·

Low R&D

·

Ubiquitiouegory, products, services

·

High customer churn (33
...


electronic information
·
towards tourists who have
arrived in Norway

It has the 2nd higest

market share in India
...

The development of a
national electronic database
for booking

Lack of competence and

Weaknesses:

consciousness in the tourist-

WEAKNESS

·

Low R&D

·

Ubiquitiouegory,

enterprises in distribution of
booking/sale through ICT

products, services

(husk bade bedriftene selves)

·

Lack of coordination between

(33
...


93 | P a g e

·

Poor network coverage

Lack of commercial and
entrepreneurial interest and
consciousness in parts of the
small-scale tourism
enterprises
Weak links between the ICT
industry in Norway and the
tourism sector
...

·

VAS as a means to

increase ARPU (big boss, Zoo

94 | P a g e

Strengthen Destination

Zoo)

Management Organizations in

·

Norway

Growing Enterprise

solution market

Location close to large

·

domestic markets and an

raised by listing Vodafone on

international airport
...


Missing links between
regional policy areas relevant
for ICT in the tourism Sector
...
The system of the country and
Union of Education Norway it keeps on reforming its
enhance

and

(UEN) had long considered policies as per the needs
...


Existing

career

meant

that

structures

for

teachers stopped teaching or
taught

less

entered

when

they

positions

of

educational leadership
...

Tele-communication
sector has different
players in it
...
6 billion by and so on
...
Most of the sectors of
Norway are open for foreign
direct

investment

(FDI)
...
Some of the
major industries in Norway
are permitted 100% FDI
...


The Norwegian

farm culture continues to
play a role in contemporary
Norwegian culture
...
In the
19th
culture

century,

Norwegian

blossomed

with

nationalist efforts to achieve
an independent identity in
the areas of literature, art
and music
...
There is
still a scope to tap rural
market through extended
infrastructure network
...

Across the OECD, slightly
more men aged 25-64 have
the equivalent of a highschool

degree

compared

with women from the same
age group
...


Among younger people – a
better indicator of Norway’s
future– 83% of 25-34 yearolds

have

earned

the

equivalent of a high-school
degree, slightly more than
the OECD average of 82%
...


Total

sector is coming with new
technology that too at an
affordable price
...
4% of GDP in Norway,
compared with an average of
9
...

artwork
...

There

is

no

difference

between men and women
...

Telecom sector has many
LEGAL


Acts

regarding

the

which covers almost

Telecommunication
sector in Norway are
exhaustive

and

The legal structure of
telecommunication
towards

is

development

of Telecommunication
activities
...
Companies
operate on separate laws

restrictive
...


INDIA-NORWAY BILATERAL TRADE

The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a
combination of free market activity and government intervention
...
The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower,
fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on the petroleum sector, which accounts
for nearly half of its exports and over 30% of the state revenues
...
Norway opted to stay out
of the EU during a referendum in November1994; nevertheless, as a member of the European
Economic Area, it contributes sizably to the EU budget
...
After a
solid GDP growth from 2004 to 2007, the economy slowed in 2008, and contracted in 2009,
before returning to a positive growth in 2010
...
There has been a
spurt in trade, investments, transfer-of-technology and other contacts
...


102 | P a g e

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http://www
...
com/NO/no/Industries/Telecommunications/Telecommunications--Overview?id=CON-STHR-8Z4R5Q
http://www
...
no/Topics/Norway/
http://www
...
com/economies/Europe/Norway-INFRASTRUCTUREPOWER-AND-COMMUNICATIONS
...
ey
...
eiu
...
aspx?pubid=476075047&pid=926072292&gid=476075047
http://www
...
com/norway/telecommunications-investment-percent-ofrevenue-wb-data
...
com/ITUKGTI2014/international-telecommunication-union-key-globaltelecom-indicators-2014?location=1001560-norway
http://globaledge
...
edu/countries/norway/tradestats
http://www
...
com/world_economy/norway/export-import
...
ec
...
eu/doclib/docs/2006/september/tradoc_113429
...
europa
...
ssb
...
mapsofindia
...
html
http://www
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gov
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jsp
http://www
...
com/world_economy/norway/indo-norway-trade-relation
...
mapsofindia

---