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Emotions, Moods, and Stress
What are Emotions?
• Overt reactions that express feelings about events
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g
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• Self-conscious emotions stem from within us
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g
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– E
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Jealousy
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– E
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We get angry at someone
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– E
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I get upset when I see you upset
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– E
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We all smile when we are happy
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– E
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In some cultures it’s less acceptable to show fear than in others
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emotions) Unfocussed (focussed), relatively mild (intense) feeling that exists as a
background (foreground) to our daily experiences
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g
...
g
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Consequences of Emotions and Moods;
People with positive emotions and moods…
• Get better jobs (autonomy, meaning, variety)
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• Make better quality decisions (more accurate, more important to group’s effectiveness, have
greater managerial potential)
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• Have worse short-term memory
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• Cooperate more and are in conflict less
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Mood Congruence Theory;

Affective Events Theory (AET);

Emotional Dissonance;
• Felt emotions: Emotions we feel
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• Emotional dissonance: Occurs when there is an inconsistency between felt and displayed
emotions
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– E
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Always having to be polite to rude customers who make you mad
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• Can be important or detrimental to display
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– Practice relaxation
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– Use humour
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Stress;
• The pattern of emotional and physiological reactions occurring in response to demands from
within or outside an organization
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• Cognitive appraisal is how we make judgements about the stressfulness of a situation
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• Strain is deviations from normal states of human functioning (e
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insomnia) resulting from
prolonged exposure to stressful events
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Symptoms are:
• Physical exhaustion (e
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low energy)
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g
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• Depersonalization (e
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becoming cynical and derogating others)
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• Resiliency is our ability to bounce back from stress
Causes of Stress;
• Occupational demands (e
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making decisions, constantly monitoring devices or materials,
repeatedly exchanging information with others, working in unpleasant physical conditions,
performing unstructured rather than structured tasks)
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e
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• Sexual harassment
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e
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• Having too much / little to do in too little / much time
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• Lack of social support (i
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family and/or friends to lean on)
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Consequences of Stress;
• Can increase (for some) or decrease (for most) job performance (some people thrive on stress or
rise to the occasion)
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• Health (medical – e
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stroke, behavioral – e
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smoking, and psychological e
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sexual
dysfunction)
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Reducing Stress;
• Employee / Member Assistance Programs (i
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third-party offers anonymous, free services); 2/3
of companies
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• Wellness programs (i
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promoting health in the workplace); 1/2 of companies
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e
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•

•
•
•
•
•

Time management
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Eat a healthy diet and be physically fit
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Get a good night’s sleep
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Take a time-out

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